Oral SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Risk for Long Covid.

SARS-CoV-2 is an oral pathogen that infects and replicates in mucosal and salivary epithelial cells, contributing to oral post-acute sequelae COVID-19 (PASC) and other oral and non-oral pathologies. While pre-existing inflammatory oral diseases provides a conducive environment for the virus, acute infection and persistence of SARS-CoV-2 can also results in oral microbiome dysbiosis that further worsens poor oral mucosal health. Indeed, oral PASC includes periodontal diseases, dysgeusia, xerostomia, pharyngitis, oral keratoses, and pulpitis suggesting significant bacterial contributions to SARS-CoV-2 and oral tissue tropism.

Capturing complete arch implant positions in two partial photogrammetry scans: Does it impact the accuracy of complete arch implant scans?

Statement Of Problem: Extraoral photogrammetry (PG) systems can record implant positions in 1 scan or in 2 scans that are then merged. However, the accuracy of implant positions recorded in 2 partial photogrammetry scans is unknown.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the accuracy of complete arch implant scans recorded in 1 or 2 scans by using 3 extraoral PG systems.

The analgesic effects of novel fascial plane blocks compared with intrathecal morphine after Caesarean delivery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Intrathecal morphine is the mainstay for post-Caesarean multimodal analgesia but is associated with important side-effects. Novel ultrasound-guided abdominal wall fascial plane blocks are proposed as intrathecal morphine alternatives, but evidence of effectiveness is conflicting. We compared the analgesic effects of fascial plane blocks with those of intrathecal morphine after Caesarean delivery.

The Transformative Role of Artificial Intelligence in Dentistry: A Comprehensive Overview. Part 1: Fundamentals of AI, and its Contemporary Applications in Dentistry.

Artificial intelligence (AI) holds immense promise in revolutionising dentistry, spanning, diagnostics, treatment planning and educational realms. This narrative review, in two parts, explores the fundamentals and the multifaceted potential of AI in dentistry. The current article explores the profound impact of AI in dentistry, encompassing diagnostic tools, treatment planning, and patient care.

The Oral-Systemic Link: Controversies and Policy Implications.

Oral health has never been more central to the political agenda than it is today, particularly in the context of broader health policy. However, there are important caveats to consider when assessing the oral-systemic nexus.

Identification of Issues Related to Enteral Nutrients Using a Database of Near-miss Events from Community Pharmacies.

Undernutrition is a common risk after surgery or during periods when oral dietary intake is challenging. Enteral nutrients, frequently utilized in nutritional management, are drugs associated with multiple contraindications involving pathology and allergy, and they require careful attention in dispensing. However, the occurrence of nutrition-related incidents in community pharmacies remains unknown.

Chitosan-alginate microcapsules: A strategy for improving stability and antibacterial potential of bovine Lactoferrin.

Lactoferrin, a multifunctional glycoprotein with significant biological properties, presents significant potential for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. However, the effectiveness of oral Lactoferrin is limited by its susceptibility to degradation in harsh stomach conditions, reducing its bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. To address this challenge, this study employs Chitosan/Alginate microparticles to enhance Lactoferrin stability and antibacterial activity.

Risk and Dose-Response Relationship for Pentosan Polysulfate Sodium Maculopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Topic: To determine the pooled relative risk (RR) of Pentosan Phosphate Sodium Maculopathy (PPSM) in patients using PPS and model the dose-response relationship of this association from existing literature.

Clinical Relevance: PPSM is an acquired, progressive retinal pigmentary disease associated with oral PPS use. Though several observational studies suggest a dose-response relationship of this association, to-date, there remains no literature-pooled synthesis on risk of PPSM across strata of cumulative dose.

Fat absorption and metabolism after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery.

Background: Triacylglycerol (TAG) plasma excursions after a high-fat meal are blunted after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), but underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We studied TAG absorption and metabolism in 12 RYGB-operated individuals and 12 unoperated controls (CON) matched on sex, age, and BMI.

Methods: Participants followed a 7-day controlled diet and on day 4 underwent H-MR Spectroscopy of liver TAG and a high-fat liquid meal with oral and intravenous labeled stable isotope metabolites, subcutaneous abdominal fat biopsies, and indirect calorimetry.

Foundations of Interprofessional Education in Dental Schools: A Narrative Review.

Interprofessional education (IPE) and interprofessional collaborative practice have gained significant recognition for their ability to enhance health care education and improve patient outcomes, particularly in dentistry. Given the close connection between oral and general health, incorporating IPE into dental curricula has become essential in preparing practitioners for collaborative patient-centered care. This review focuses on the foundations of IPE in dental schools, focusing on its role in preparing students for collaborative health care.

Osteogenesis Potential of Polymethylmethacrylate-Hydroxyapatite and Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth as Alveolar Bone Graft: An In Silico Study.

Objective:  The goal is to analyze the osteogenesis potential of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)-hydroxyapatite (HA) and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) as a biomaterial candidate for alveolar bone defect therapy through a bioinformatic approach within an study.

Materials And Methods:  Three-dimensional (3D) ligand structures consisting of HA, PMMA, and target proteins of SHED were obtained from the PubChem database. STITCH was used for SHED target protein analysis, STRING was utilized for analysis and visualization of protein pathways related to osteogenesis, PASS Online was employed to predict biological functions supporting osteogenesis potential, PyRx 0.

Effects of Different Dentin Surface Cleaning Protocols on Bond Strength of Dual-Cure Resin Cement Following Temporary Cementation.

Objective:  The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of various cleaning protocols on the bond strength of dual-cure resin cement following temporary cementation.

Materials And Methods:  Fifty-two human third molars were sectioned to expose superficial dentin and divided into four groups: (1) fresh, noncontaminated dentin (control); (2) pumice cleaning; (3) pumice + sodium bicarbonate air polishing; and (4) pumice + 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) based cleaner. Groups 2, 3, and 4 were treated with noneugenol zinc oxide temporary cement, followed by their respective cleaning protocols.

Evaluation of Regeneration Potential of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Induced Damaged Submandibular Salivary Gland in Mice.

Objectives:  The ultimate goal of stem cell (SC) transplantation is the regeneration of salivary gland function by transplanted SCs differentiating into salivary gland cells. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the regenerative capacity of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) transplantation in irradiated mice using the immunohistochemical markers Ki-67 and CD34.

Material And Methods:  Four groups of male mice were included in the study.

Comparative Analysis of CAD-CAM Workflow Variations on the Marginal and Internal Gaps and Fatigue Behavior of Ceramic and Resin Composite Dental Crowns.

Objectives:  To analyze the marginal/internal gap and the fatigue behavior of crowns made of two different materials, using four combinations of a digital workflow-two intraoral scanners (IOSs) and two milling machines.

Materials And Methods:  Crowns were made considering three factors: IOS (a confocal microscopy-based scanner: TRIOS 3-TR; or a combination of active triangulation and dynamic confocal microscopy: Primescan-PS), milling machines (four-axis: CEREC MC XL-CR or five-axis: PrograMill PM7-PM), and restorative material (lithium disilicate-LD or resin composite-RC) ( = 10). The bonding surface of each crown was treated and bonded to each respective glass fiber-reinforced epoxy resin die using a dual-cure resin cement.

Does the Restoration Design and Material Affect Indirect Restorations' Marginal and Internal Gap, Interfacial Volume, and Fatigue Behavior?

Objectives:  This article evaluates the marginal and internal gap, interfacial volume, and fatigue behavior in computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) restorations with different designs (crowns or endocrowns) made from lithium disilicate-based ceramic (LD, IPS e.max CAD, Ivoclar AG) or resin composite (RC, Tetric CAD, Ivoclar AG).

Materials And Methods:  Simplified LD and RC crowns (-C) and endocrowns (-E) were produced ( = 10) using CAD-CAM technology, through scanning (CEREC Primescan, Dentsply Sirona) and milling (CEREC MC XL, Dentsply Sirona), and then adhesively bonded to fiberglass-reinforced epoxy resin.

Histological Assessment of the Anti-Inflammatory Effectiveness of Peperomia pellucida Extract Administered to the Gingival Sulcus in Rats Induced with Periodontitis.

This study aims to assess the impact of extract on periodontitis in rats, using the Papillary Bleeding Index (PBI), gingival index (GI), and histological evaluation of key inflammatory cells such as osteoclasts, osteoblasts, polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), macrophages, and fibroblasts to explore its potential in reducing inflammation and preserving periodontal tissue.The extract was prepared using the reflux method with 96% ethanol as a solvent, followed by phytochemical screening and antibacterial testing via the disk diffusion method. This study utilized a posttest control group experiment with 24 Wistar rats, divided into four groups: nonperiodontitis, no-treatment, chlorhexidine-treated (CHX), and extract-treated groups, with the latter three groups induced with periodontitis.

Temperature Changes of NaOCl after Irrigation Using Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation, Easy Clean, and XP-Endo Finisher: A Randomized Crossover Clinical Trial.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the temperature changes of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) after the use of different activation techniques: passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), XP-Endo Finisher (XP), and Easy Clean (EC).Thirty patients were selected for this randomized crossover study and each patient received root canal treatment in maxillary incisor. Each tooth was subjected to three activation techniques in a random order in the final irrigation of the treatment.

Bone Graft Paste Nanohydroxyapatite Chitosan-Gelatin (nHA/KG) for Periodontal Regeneration: Study on Three-Dimensional Cell Culture.

Objective:  Regenerative periodontal surgical approaches require scaffolds in a form that can fill narrow and irregular defects. Each scaffold must be specially designed to conform to the shape of the specific defect. The aim of this study was to fabricate nanohydroxyapatite chitosan-gelatin (nHA/KG) pastes with different composition percentages and to analyze the differences in physical, chemical, and biological characteristics in response to periodontal tissue regeneration .

Optimizing the Surface Quality of L-PBF Ti6Al4V ELI Alloy via Electropolishing and Its Effect on Corrosion Resistance for Dental Applications.

Objectives:  The Ti6Al4V ELI alloy produced via laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) has attracted interest for use in dental applications. However, surface finishing is an important property that can be managed by various methods. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of electropolishing (EP) on the surface roughness and corrosion resistance of L-PBF Ti6Al4V ELI alloy.

Impact of Dry Mouth and Factors Associated with Sarcopenia on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients.

Objectives:  This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), its associated factors, and the prevalence of possible sarcopenia in Thai well-maintained patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD).

Materials And Methods:  Data were collected from 63 participants undergoing PD at Banphaeo-Charoenkrung Hemodialysis Center. Dry mouth was evaluated through unstimulated salivary flow rate measurement and self-reported xerostomia questionnaires.

Internalization and Colocalization of a Polyclonal Antibody Against Porphyromonas gingivalis FimA type I in Infected Cells.

Objective:  The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of a rabbit polyclonal antibody specific to FimA type I (FimI) protein internalized into infected cells.

Materials And Methods:  Rabbits were immunized with FimI protein and the serum was collected for immunoglobulin (Ig) purification. For visualization of the antibody inside the cells, it was labeled with Cy3 dye.

Skeletal, dentoalveolar and soft tissue effects of different maxillary expansion appliances in cleft lip/palate patients: A systematic review and frequentist network meta-analysis.

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the available evidence regarding the skeletal, dentoalveolar and soft tissue effects of different maxillary expansion appliances in cleft lip/palate patients.

Methods: We assessed the effects of different maxillary expansion appliances on skeletal structure and dentoalveolar and soft tissue in cleft lip/palate patients. We searched the PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, Cochrane, and LILACS databases through September 2024; that investigation was augmented by a manual search.

The Oral Glucose Tolerance Test: Changed Results Using Different Drinking Solutions?

The impact of different drinking solutions used for an oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) on 2-h glucose values and gastrointestinal side effects are not clear. This study compared a commercially produced solution (Accu-Chek Roche solution) and a standardized pharmacy solution (NRF 13.8.

Real-world experience of cannabidiol in conjunction with clobazam for the treatment of seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and Dravet syndrome: Results from a retrospective multicentre chart review in Germany.

Background: Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) and Dravet syndrome (DS) are rare and debilitating forms of epilepsy, characterised by recurrent, severe, drug-resistant seizures and neurodevelopmental impairments. A non-euphoric, plant-derived, highly purified formulation of cannabidiol (CBD; Epidyolex®, 100 mg/mL oral solution) is approved in the European Union and United Kingdom for use in patients aged ≥2 years for the adjunctive treatment of seizures associated with LGS or DS in conjunction with clobazam (CLB), and for the adjunctive treatment of seizures associated with tuberous sclerosis complex in patients aged ≥2 years.

Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of patients with treatment-resistant epilepsies who were treated with adjunctive CBD at six epilepsy centres in Germany.