The faecal microbiome of the Australian silver gull contains phylogenetically diverse ExPEC, aEPEC and Escherichia coli carrying the transmissible locus of stress tolerance.

Wildlife are implicated in the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance, but their roles as hosts for Escherichia coli that pose a threat to human and animal health is limited. Gulls (family Laridae) in particular, are known to carry diverse lineages of multiple-antibiotic resistant E. coli, including extra-intestinal pathogenic E.

Plasmid-mediated colistin resistance among human clinical isolates: national surveillance in the Czech Republic.

The occurrence of colistin resistance has increased rapidly among around the world. We performed a national survey of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance in human clinical isolates through a retrospective analysis of samples from 2009 to 2017 and a prospective sampling in 2018-2020. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize isolates with genes from various regions of the Czech Republic using whole genome sequencing (WGS).

HDL metabolism and functions impacting on cell cholesterol homeostasis are specifically altered in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Background: The etiopathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is still unclarified, but vascular inflammation and matrix metalloproteases activation have a recognized role in AAA development and progression. Circulating lipoproteins are involved in tissue inflammation and repair, particularly through the regulation of intracellular cholesterol, whose excess is associated to cell damage and proinflammatory activation. We analyzed lipoprotein metabolism and function in AAA and in control vasculopathic patients, to highlight possible non-atherosclerosis-related, specific abnormalities.

The Histologic Diversity of Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma With Emphasis on Challenges Encountered in Daily Practice.

Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (ChRCC) is the third most common renal cell carcinoma in adults. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview highlighting the broad morphologic spectrum of ChRCC, and offer a practical approach for handling cases in daily practice. For the purpose of this review, we classify ChRCC subtypes as (1) classic, (2) eosinophilic, (3) sarcomatoid, and (4) other rare patterns.

Molecular Characterization of Isolates at a Major Tertiary Care Center in Lebanon.

Background: The globally emerging pathogens poses heavy burden to the healthcare system. Their molecular analyses assist in understanding their epidemiology, dissemination, treatment, and control. This study was warranted to describe the genomic features and drug resistance profiles using whole genome sequencing (WGS) among .

The Genitourinary Pathology Society Update on Classification of Variant Histologies, T1 Substaging, Molecular Taxonomy, and Immunotherapy and PD-L1 Testing Implications of Urothelial Cancers.

The Genitourinary Pathology Society (GUPS) undertook a critical review of the recent advances in bladder cancer focusing on important topics of high interest for the practicing surgical pathologist and urologist. This review represents the second of 2 manuscripts ensuing from this effort. Herein, we address the effective reporting of bladder cancer, focusing particularly on newly published data since the last 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification.

The Genitourinary Pathology Society Update on Classification and Grading of Flat and Papillary Urothelial Neoplasia With New Reporting Recommendations and Approach to Lesions With Mixed and Early Patterns of Neoplasia.

The Genitourinary Pathology Society (GUPS) undertook a critical review of the recent advances in bladder neoplasia with a focus on issues relevant to the practicing surgical pathologist for the understanding and effective reporting of bladder cancer, emphasizing particularly on the newly accumulated evidence post-2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification. The work is presented in 2 manuscripts. Here, in the first, we revisit the nomenclature and classification system used for grading flat and papillary urothelial lesions centering on clinical relevance, and on dilemmas related to application in routine reporting.

The Emergence of Invasive Serotype 24F in Lebanon: Complete Genome Sequencing Reveals High Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Characteristics.

Background: Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) remains a global health problem. IPD incidence has significantly decreased by the use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV). Nevertheless, non-PCV serotypes remain a matter of concern.

New developments in existing WHO entities and evolving molecular concepts: The Genitourinary Pathology Society (GUPS) update on renal neoplasia.

The Genitourinary Pathology Society (GUPS) reviewed recent advances in renal neoplasia, particularly post-2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification, to provide an update on existing entities, including diagnostic criteria, molecular correlates, and updated nomenclature. Key prognostic features for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remain WHO/ISUP grade, AJCC/pTNM stage, coagulative necrosis, and rhabdoid and sarcomatoid differentiation. Accrual of subclonal genetic alterations in clear cell RCC including SETD2, PBRM1, BAP1, loss of chromosome 14q and 9p are associated with variable prognosis, patterns of metastasis, and vulnerability to therapies.

Novel, emerging and provisional renal entities: The Genitourinary Pathology Society (GUPS) update on renal neoplasia.

The Genitourinary Pathology Society (GUPS) undertook a critical review of the recent advances in renal neoplasia, particularly focusing on the newly accumulated evidence post-2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification. In the era of evolving histo-molecular classification of renal neoplasia, morphology is still key. However, entities (or groups of entities) are increasingly characterized by specific molecular features, often associated either with recognizable, specific morphologies or constellations of morphologies and corresponding immunohistochemical profiles.

Characterization of the Complete Nucleotide Sequences of -Encoding Plasmids From Enterobacterales Isolates in Retailed Raw Meat Products From the Czech Republic.

The aim of our study was to determine complete nucleotide sequence of carrying plasmids from Enterobacterales isolates recovered from domestic and imported raw retailed meat and compare them with plasmids available at the GenBank sequence database. A set of 16 plasmids originating from ( = 13), ( = 2), and ( = 1) were analyzed. In our previous study, data from whole genome sequencing showed that gene was located on plasmids of different incompatibility groups (IncHI2, IncI2, and IncX4).

Comprehensive Review of Numerical Chromosomal Aberrations in Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma Including Its Variant Morphologies.

Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (ChRCC) accounts for 5% to 7% of all renal cell carcinomas. It was thought for many years that ChRCC exhibits a hypodiploid genome. Recent studies using advanced molecular genetics techniques have shown more complex and heterogenous pattern with frequent chromosomal gains.

IncC bla-positive plasmid characterised from ST648 Escherichia coli.

Objectives: This study describes the characterisation of type 2 IncC plasmids pC-Ec20-KPC and pC-Ec2-KPC, carrying thebla gene, from two multiresistant Escherichia coli recovered in University Hospital of Larissa (Greece) in 2018.

Methods: E. coli strains Ec-2Lar and Ec-20Lar were recovered from rectal swabs of two patients during monthly surveillance cultures.

Characterization of NDM-Encoding Plasmids From Recovered From Czech Hospitals.

The aim of the present study was to characterize sporadic cases and an outbreak of NDM-like-producing recovered from hospital settings, in Czechia. During 2016, 18 isolates including 10 complex (9 and 1 ), 4 , 1 , 1 , 1 , and 1 that produced NDM-like carbapenemases were isolated from 15 patients. Three of the patients were colonized or infected by two different NDM-like producers.

Characterization of the Complete Nucleotide Sequences of IMP-4-Encoding Plasmids, Belonging to Diverse Inc Families, Recovered from Enterobacteriaceae Isolates of Wildlife Origin.

The complete nucleotide sequences of six IMP-4-encoding plasmids recovered from isolates of wildlife origin were characterized. Sequencing data showed that plasmids of different incompatibility groups (IncM, IncI1, IncF, and nontypeable [including an IncX5_2 and two pPrY2001-like]) carried the -carrying integrons In809 or In1460. Most of the plasmids carried an (A) region, and -like, , and genes.

First description in Europe of the emergence of Enterococcus faecium ST117 carrying both vanA and vanB genes, isolated in Greece.

Objectives: An Enterococcus faecium isolate (Efa-125) carrying both the vanA and vanB genes was recovered from a patient with bacteraemia treated in a Greek hospital. Since this is the first description in Europe of E. faecium carrying both vanA and vanB genes, the isolate was further studied.

Characterization of the Complete Nucleotide Sequences of IncA/C Plasmids Carrying In809-Like Integrons from Enterobacteriaceae Isolates of Wildlife Origin.

A total of 18 (17 from gulls and 1 from a clinical sample) collected from Australia, carrying IncA/C plasmids with the IMP-encoding In809-like integrons, were studied. Seven plasmids, being representatives of different origins, plasmid sizes, replicon combinations, and resistance genes, were completely sequenced. Plasmid pEc158, identified in a clinical ST752 isolate, showed extensive similarity to type 2 IncA/C plasmids.

Comparison of imipenem and meropenem antibiotics for the MALDI-TOF MS detection of carbapenemase activity.

A comparison of carbapenem molecules for the detection of carbapenemase-producing bacteria by MALDI-TOF MS showed that imipenem exhibited higher sensitivity (97%) and specificity (100%) scores for Pseudomonas aeruginosa than meropenem. However, meropenem was more efficient (98% sensitivity and 100% specificity) against Enterobacteriaceae.

Complete Nucleotide Sequences of Two VIM-1-Encoding Plasmids from Klebsiella pneumoniae and Leclercia adecarboxylata Isolates of Czech Origin.

Two multidrug resistance (MDR) plasmids, carrying the VIM-1-encoding integron In110, were characterized. Plasmid pLec-476cz (311,758 bp), from a isolate, consisted of an IncHI1 backbone, a MDR region, and two accessory elements. Plasmid pKpn-431cz (142,876 bp), from a sequence type 323 (ST323) isolate, comprised IncFII-derived and pKPN3-like sequences and a mosaic region.

Emergence of sequence type 11 Klebsiella pneumoniae coproducing NDM-1 and VIM-1 metallo-β-lactamases in a Greek hospital.

Sequence type 11 Klebsiella pneumoniae, coproducing NDM-1 and VIM-1 metallo-β-lactamases, were isolated in a Greek hospital. bla was part of a Tn125 derivative, located on an ~90-kb plasmid similar to the NDM-1-encoding plasmid pB-3002cz. bla was located in an In-e541-like integron, carried on a multireplicon (IncA/C and IncR) plasmid of ~180kb.

Characterization of KPC-encoding plasmids from two endemic settings, Greece and Italy.

Objectives: Global dissemination of KPC-type carbapenemases is mainly associated with the spread of high-risk clones of Klebsiella pneumoniae and of KPC-encoding plasmids. In this study, we explored the population structure of KPC-encoding plasmids from the recent epidemics of KPC-producing K. pneumoniae (KPC-Kp) in Greece and Italy, the two major European endemic settings.