Anti-Tr/DNER Antibody-associated Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndrome Presenting Limbic Encephalitis with Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma: A Case Report.

An 82-year-old man presented with acute progressive disturbance of consciousness. We suspected autoimmune limbic encephalitis because of abnormal magnetic resonance imaging findings in the bilateral temporal lobes and cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis. The patient tested positive for anti-Tr/Delta/Notch-like epidermal growth factor-related receptor (DNER) antibodies, and a tissue biopsy revealed complications of anaplastic large cell lymphoma.

Refractory phenotype of -sensitized asthma with bronchiectasis and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.

Background: Sensitization to mucus plugs, and bacterial colonization may coexist and relate to a refractory phenotype during follow-up in asthma with bronchiectasis and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA).

Objective: This study aimed to clarify the features of -sensitized refractory asthma with bronchiectasis and determine the refractory phenotype in this population and ABPA.

Methods: This study included cases of the oldest available -specific IgE data and chest computed tomography images from a nationwide survey of refractory asthma with bronchiectasis.

Associations between glycan signature alterations and the cellular antigenic properties of passaged chondrocytes.

Background: Cartilage repair is a significant clinical challenge because of the limited intrinsic healing capacity. Current therapeutic strategies, such as cell transplantation therapy, aim to overcome this challenge by replacing damaged tissue with healthy cells. However, the long-term survival and functionality of transplanted cells remain major hurdles.

Efficacy and safety of mosunetuzumab monotherapy for Japanese patients with relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma: FLMOON-1.

Background: In a global phase I/II study (GO29781; NCT02500407), single-agent mosunetuzumab had a manageable safety profile and induced durable complete responses in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, including in patients with R/R follicular lymphoma (FL). In this analysis, the efficacy and safety of mosunetuzumab monotherapy were evaluated in an expansion cohort, FLMOON-1, in Japanese patients with R/R FL who had received  ≥ 2 prior lines of therapy in a phase I study (JO40295, jRCT2080223801).

Methods: Mosunetuzumab was administered intravenously at the recommended phase II dose (with cycle 1 step-up dosing) for eight cycles or up to 17 cycles, or until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Effectiveness of benralizumab in the Tokyo Asthma Study (TOAST): A real-world prospective interventional trial.

Background: Biologics are integral in the management of severe asthma. As the effectiveness of the anti-IL-5 receptor antibody benralizumab in Japan remains elusive, this study aimed to assess its real-world effectiveness in Japanese patients with severe asthma.

Methods: This prospective, interventional, single-arm clinical trial was conducted across ten facilities in Japan between September 2020 and July 2022.

A case of simultaneous pancreatoduodenectomy and living donor liver transplantation for biliary cancer complicated with congenital biliary dilatation.

Background: In patients with pancreaticobiliary maljunction complicated by congenital biliary dilatation, the pancreatic enzyme flows back into the bile, leading to bile duct carcinogenesis. Although the biliary tract resection and reconstruction is well documented to decrease the rate of malignancy, cancer occurrence has been reported in the residual intrahepatic or intrapancreatic bile duct, even after resection. We report a case of multiple biliary tract cancers in the liver complicated by congenital biliary dilatation, whose tumor lesions were resected en bloc without disconnecting the biliary tract by simultaneous pancreatoduodenectomy and living donor liver transplantation.

Predictors of recurrence and survival after salivary gland cancer surgery: A multicenter, retrospective study in northern Japan.

Objectives: Salivary gland cancer is a rare disease composed of more than 20 histological types with different grades of malignancy. The aim of this multicenter, retrospective study was to identify the most important predictors affecting recurrence and survival after surgery.

Material And Methods: A total of 543 patients with salivary gland cancers that underwent curative surgery between 2012 and 2022 in 13 institutions in northern Japan were evaluated in this study.

Development of a Myogenin minimal promoter-based system for visualizing the degree of myogenic differentiation.

Myogenic differentiation plays a fundamental role in myogenesis during development and in muscle regeneration. Sequential expression of myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) including myogenin in the progenitor cells triggers the expression of effector proteins such as myosin heavy chain (MHC), leading to the terminal muscle differentiation. Although we have a snapshot-like understanding of molecules at each stage of the differentiation, how these molecules are interrelated in the continuum of myogenic differentiation remains poorly understood.

Targeting complement in kidney transplantation: Therapeutic approaches based on preclinical and experimental evidence.

The complement system is implicated in various facets of kidney transplantation, including ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), delayed graft function, allograft rejection, and chronic allograft injury. IRI, prevalent in cadaveric renal transplantation, leads to acute tubular necrosis and engages innate immunity, including neutrophils and the complement system, fostering a cycle of inflammation and necrosis. Experimental and preclinical evidence suggest that targeting the complement system could offer therapeutic benefits in IRI during kidney transplantation.

Effects of canagliflozin on brain natriuretic peptide levels in patients with type 2 diabetes on peritoneal dialysis in Japan: protocol for a multicentre, prospective, randomised controlled trial (CARD-PD trial).

Introduction: Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) undergoing dialysis exhibit a higher mortality rate compared with those with other conditions, primarily due to vascular complications including coronary artery disease, heart failure and stroke. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, a type of drug for T2D, have reportedly decreased cardiovascular and renal events in patients with heart failure and chronic kidney disease, irrespective of diabetes presence. Nevertheless, the evidence supporting the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients undergoing dialysis has been limited.

High-concentration continuous local antibacterial perfusion therapy: safety and potential efficacy for acute and chronic periprosthetic knee joint infection.

Background: Periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are among the most challenging pathologies to manage. Recently, continuous local antibiotic perfusion (CLAP) therapy has been introduced for treating musculoskeletal infections in orthopedics. This study aimed to determine the outcomes and risks of CLAP therapy combined with conventional treatment for PJIs after TKA.

Usefulness of the Slope of the Preload Recruitable Stroke Work Relationship for the Prediction of Rehospitalization After Transcatheter Mitral Edge-to-Edge Repair.

Background: Among patients with functional mitral regurgitation (FMR), responders to transcatheter mitral edge-to-edge repair (TEER) remain unclear. We investigated whether the slope of the preload recruitable stroke work relationship (M; calculated as stroke work / [EDV - k × EDV + {1 - k} × LV wall], where EDV is end-diastolic volume, k is a constant, and LV wall is the volume of the left ventricular wall) could predict rehospitalization in FMR patients after TEER.

Methods And Results: Mwas calculated for 24 FMR patients using echocardiography.