Perimortem caesarean section in COVID-19 era.

Cardiac arrest in pregnancy is very rare. Various methods have been proposed to return spontaneous circulation and prevent mortality, such as Perimortem Caesarean Section (PMCS). Since 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic has added to the difficulty in decision making and performing PMCS.

Accuracy of Bedside Lung Ultrasound in Emergency (BLUE) Protocol to Diagnose the Cause of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS): A Meta-Analysis.

Background: There is a stigma that ultrasound cannot be used to see abnormalities in the air-filled organs makes ultrasound rarely used to identify lung abnormalities. This study purpose comparing diagnostic accuracy of BLUE protocol with gold standard for each diagnosis causing acute respiratory failure.

Methods: Systematic search was done in 6 databases (Pubmed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central, Scopus, Ebscohost/CINAHL dan Proquest) and multiple grey-literature sources for cross-sectional studies.

Invasive candidiasis among high prevalence neurological patients.

Introduction: Invasive candidiasis is a severe form of infection. The incidence of invasive fungal infections has increased, due to the increasing number of patients with impaired immunity who are being treated through prolonged stay in hospital facilities. Neurological patient treatment methods such as antimicrobials, corticosteroid, central venous catheter (CVC), total parenteral nutrition, and mechanical ventilation use are associated with common risk factors for invasive candidiasis.

Vesicouterine fistula presenting with cyclical haematuria mimicking bladder endometriosis: A case report.

Vesicouterine fistula (VUF) is an abnormal communication between the bladder and uterus, occurring 1-4% of all urogenital fistulas. Diagnosis is still a challenge because symptoms may appear late or fistula may be missed even after repeated examination. A 37-year old woman who has two children born through caesarean section complained of the absence of menstruation for the past three years.

Prevention of Ventricular Arrhythmia and Sudden Cardiac Death in COVID-19 Patients.

Since the first case was reported at the end of 2019, COVID-19 has spread throughout the world and has become a pandemic. The high transmission rate of the virus has made it a threat to public health globally. Viral infections may trigger acute coronary syndromes, arrhythmias, and exacerbation of heart failure, due to a combination of effects including significant systemic inflammatory responses and localized vascular inflammation at the arterial plaque level.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescent: an Indonesian perspective.

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in children and adolescents has increased globally over the past 2 decades. Metabolic syndrome, including obesity and overweight at a young age, increases the occurrence of T2DM. Studies in Indonesia have found that obese children and adolescents are more likely to have insulin resistance, a risk factor for T2DM.

Comparison of Deferiprone to Deferasirox and Deferoxamine to Cardiac and Hepatic T2* MRI in Thalassemia Patients: Evidence-based Case Report.

Background: there are currently three iron chelator readily available for patients Indonesia; deferiprone/DFP (branded as Ferriprox), deferasirox/DFX (branded as Exjade) and deferoxamine/DFO (branded as Desferal). This study aims to determine which iron chelator is the most efficient in reducing cardiac and hepatic iron overload (measured by means of T2* MRI).

Methods: journal search with determined MeSH term was done in PubMed and Scopus.

Maternal and cord blood cyclophilin A in severe preeclampsia and normal pregnancy and its correlation with vitamin D and zinc.

Objective: To investigate maternal and cord blood cyclophilin A level in severe preeclampsia compared with normal pregnancy and its correlation with vitamin D and zinc level.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional observational study of pregnant women who gave birth in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital between January and April 2014.

Results: Thirty-nine subjects were included.

Clinical Factors Predictive of Metastases from Renal Cell Carcinomas.

Background: Lymph node and distant metastases are known as the prognostic factor in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Clinical parameters are needed to predict metastases preoperatively. The aim of this study was to assess clinical predictive factors for lymph node and distant metastases.

Effects of paediatric HIV infection on electrical conduction of the heart.

Objective: To investigate the effects of HIV infection in children on heart electrical conduction, particularly to delineate the effects of HIV infection from treatment.

Methods: On a 12-lead ECG, available for 37 antiretroviral therapy (ART) naïve, 42 ART-exposed vertically-acquired HIV-infected and 50 healthy children in Jakarta, Indonesia, we measured cardiac conduction parameters: PR, QRS, and QTc (corrected using Bazett's formula) intervals. The associations between HIV infection/treatment status and ECG intervals were evaluated using general linear modelling with further adjustment for potential confounders or intermediary variables.

The Efficacy of 1% Chloramphenicol Eye Ointment Versus 2.5% Povidone-Iodine Ophthalmic Solution in Reducing Bacterial Colony in Newborn Conjunctivae.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate bacterial pattern and reduction of bacterial colonies in neonatal conjunctivae after prophylaxis 1% chloramphenicol eye ointment and 2.5% povidone-iodine ophthalmic solution.

Design: A double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted.

Implantation of nerve stump inside a vein and a muscle: comparing neuroma formation in rat.

Among many techniques independently reported to manage neuroma formation, manipulation of the nerve stump inside muscle and vein is the most advantageous technique. This study aimed to enrich the basic data of macroscopic appearance and histo-pathology regarding which technique generates less neuroma: nerve stump implantation inside vein or inside muscle. An experimental study with posttest-only control-group design was conducted in 24 rats that were randomly arranged into 3 groups.

Cardiovascular manifestations of HIV infection in children.

Background: HIV infection in children is now considered as a chronic condition, in which various non-infectious complications may occur, including those affecting the developing cardiovascular system. As children are expected to survive well into adulthood, understanding childhood as well as potential future cardiovascular complications is of major importance.

Methods And Results: We reviewed published literature on childhood cardiac manifestations and longer term effects of pediatric HIV infection on the cardiovascular system.

Clinical approach and management of chronic diarrhea.

Chronic diarrhea is defined as the passage of loose stools that last for more than 4 weeks. Although generally it is estimated that the prevalence of chronic diarrhea only ranges 3-5% of population, but it poses some specific equally essential challenges compared to acute diarrhea because there are many differential diagnosis that should be considered as the cause of chronic diarrhea. One of them includes colorectal cancer and the small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, known as SIBO.

The effectiveness of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in the management of patients with jaundice at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta.

Aim: to evaluate endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) benefits in treating patients with clinical appearance of yellowish discoloration.

Methods: a descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study was performed on 122 patients at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from January 2008 to December 2010. The main complained was yellowish discoloration of the skin.

Minimal Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis (MIPO) Technique Using Anterolateral Approach for Treating Closed Proximal Humerus Fracture.

Abstract: Proximal humerus fracture is the second most common fracture of the upper extremity and presents several unique problems such as anatomical complexity, high risk of avascular necrosis, minimal bone stock for purchase, significant morbidity, and lack of a universally accepted treatment. Recent treatments for proximal humerus fractures include use of minimally invasive plate osteosynthysis (MIPO). The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the outcomes of our less invasive technique using a modified anterolateral approach for treatment of proximal humerus fractures.

Efficacy of intralesional steroid injection in head and neck hemangioma: a systematic review.

Introduction: The purpose of this article was to discuss about the use of corticosteroids in head and neck hemangioma as one of the safest noninvasive therapy, focusing on intralesional steroid injection, including perilesional and infusion, for curing or reducing tumor size.

Methods: A systematic review was done by means of all English publication in PubMed during the period of 1996 to 2008 using the keywords "hemangioma" and "intralesional steroid injection." The studies involved were retrospective and prospective case reviews on using intralesional steroid injection with or without other treatment modalities.

Efficacy of intra-lesional alcohol injection as alternative and/or complementary treatment of vascular malformations: a systematic review.

Introduction: The purpose of this article is to discuss whether intra-lesional alcohol injection is beneficial in the treatment of vascular malformations.

Methods: A systematic review through literature search was conducted for English-language studies in PubMed. This search was conducted in April 2007 using EndNote 7.

Some hematological problems in Indonesia.

Indonesia consist of many island inhabited by many ethnic groups with different social economic condition. As in other parts of the world, anemia is still one of the major health problem in Indonesia. The reported anemia prevalence differs in each area and age groups, ranging from 5.