EVALUATION OF GRA6 AS GENETIC MARKER FOR DETERMINING GENOTYPE IN THE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID OF HIV/AIDS PATIENTS WITH TOXOPLASMIC ENCEPHALITIS.

Background: Toxoplasmic encephalitis is a severe manifestation of infection, with potentially fatal outcomes, particularly among immunocompromised patients. Clinical manifestation of this infection is associated with a specific genotype of , requiring the use of genetic marker for genotype determination.

Aims: This study critically evaluated the application of GRA6 gene as genetic marker for genotyping in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from HIV/AIDS patients diagnosed with Toxoplasmic encephalitis.

Exploring the Potential Treatment for Mpox.

Monkeypox (Mpox) is a virus that originally infected only animals. Caused by the monkeypox virus, this infection presents with symptoms similar to smallpox. Although two years have passed since the 2022 outbreak, new cases continue to emerge monthly.

Factors Associated with Psychosomatic Disorders Among Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Patients During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic.

Background:  The COVID-19 pandemic has affected physical and mental health. SLE patients are prone to psychosomatic disorders which can decrease their quality of life. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with psychosomatic disorders among SLE patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Validation of Spleen Stiffness Measurement for Screening of High-risk Esophageal Varices Among Cirrhotic Patients in Indonesia: A Single-Center Cross-sectional Study.

Background: Spleen stiffness measurement (SSM) is a recently developed non-invasive method for predicting clinically significant portal hypertension and esophageal varices in compensated advanced liver disease or cirrhosis. This study aims to validate the accuracy of SSM for screening high-risk esophageal varices among cirrhotic patients in Indonesia.

Methods: This is a single-center, cross-sectional study.

Cirrhosis Management: Utilization and Optimizing Non-Invasive Tests in Portal Hypertension.

Early identification of clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) is crucial in cirrhosis, as it is the primary underlying mechanism of cirrhosis complications. One such complication is esophageal varices, which are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurements and endoscopy, considered the gold standard for these conditions, are invasive methods that are limited, costly, and inconvenient.

Carotid intima-media thickness, fibroblast growth factor 23, and mineral bone disorder in children with chronic kidney disease.

Background: Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) is a measure of atherosclerotic vascular disease and a surrogate biomarker for cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Mineral and bone disorders (MBD) are complications of CKD, contributing to vascular calcification and accelerated atherosclerosis. Increased fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23)-the earliest detectable serum abnormality associated with CKD-MBD-has been linked with cardiovascular disease in patients with CKD.

Obstructive sleep apnea: Overlooked comorbidity in patients with diabetes.

In this review article, we explore the interplay between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), highlighting a significant yet often overlooked comorbidity. We delve into the pathophysiological links between OSA and diabetes, specifically how OSA exacerbates insulin resistance and disrupts glucose metabolism. The research examines the prevalence of OSA in diabetic patients and its role in worsening diabetes-related complications.

Antimicrobial Resistance Issue: A Matter of Practice and Capacity to Conduct an Audit.

The World Health Organization released the practical toolkit for antimicrobial stewardship in health-care facilities in low- and middle-income countries in 2019 due to increasing rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) causing the diminishing of treatment options and that the available antibiotics seem to no longer work. The introduction of this toolkit indicates the need to be more down-to-earth in combating the problems of antimicrobial resistance. This situation happened because we have taken antibiotics for granted for too long with less awareness, which results in the potential loss of its use and benefits.

Periendoscopic Care Continuum in Acute Cholangitis Caused By Common Bile Duct Stone.

Acute cholangitis (AC) is a biliary tract infection with in-hospital mortality rates reaching up to 14.7%. The underlying condition is biliary obstruction caused by benign and malignant etiologies, as well as bacteriobilia, with commom bile duct (CBD) stone being one of the most common causes.

Factors Associated with Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C among Infected Patients in Indonesia and Their Knowledge and Attitude: A Multicenter Observational Study.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are global health problems, including in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitudes about HBV and HCV infection among infected patients in Indonesia.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used a questionnaire survey.

Symptomatic Follicular Lymphoma: Complete Remission After Chemoimmunotherapy with Bendamustine-Rituximab.

Follicular lymphoma (FL) is the second most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma in Western countries after diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Most patients with FL present with asymptomatic disease. Survival rates have been rising over time mainly due to advancing therapeutic strategiesA-51-year-old male with a history of well-controlled diabetes mellitus treated with insulin presented to the policlinic of hematology-medical oncology with worsening right inguinal lymphadenopathy for >3 months.

Systemic Corticosteroid as an Adjunct for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Non-Fatal Fresh Water Drowning: An Evidence-based Case Report.

Background: Acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is one of the most common complications of non-fatal drowning. Although respiratory societies' guidelines endorse the role of systemic corticosteroids in ARDS, the evidence for systemic corticosteroid use in ARDS due to non-fatal drowning is limited.

Methods: A search was conducted on Pubmed, OVID, and EuropePMC, assessing the clinical question using inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Evaluation of , and in Human Testes with Spermatogenic Maturation Arrest: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Spermatogenic maturation arrest is thought to be caused by epigenetic defects, specifically in chromatin remodeling and histone modification. This study evaluated the status of chromatin remodeling chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 5 () and histone modifications histone 4 lys-12 acetylation () and histone 3 lys-9 trimethylation () in human testicular biopsies, based on maturation arrest type.

Materials And Methods: The cross-sectional study utilized 18 Bouin-fixed paraffin-embedded (BFPE) specimens prepared from residual tissue from routine laboratory tests of infertile patients.

General spinal anesthesia in percutaneous nephrolithotomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is the preferred treatment for the removal of large kidney stones, sized >20 mm. However, there is still an ongoing debate concerning the best anesthesia for PCNL. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety between general and spinal anesthesia for PCNL.

Technological acceptance and features needed in mobile health apps development for people living with dementia and their caregivers in Indonesia.

In Indonesia, the number of People Living with Dementia (PLWD) is predicted to be rising continuously. PLWD need help operating cell phones for their daily needs. Numerous mobile health applications have been innovated to deliver better dementia care.

Identifying Predictors of Mortality in Sepsis Patients with Malignancy: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Sepsis is a major problem that contributes to a high mortality rate. Its mortality is especially high in patients with malignancy. One study reported that sepsis patients with malignancy have a 2.

Challenges in Diagnosis and Treatment of Male Hypogonadism.

Hypogonadism is a condition characterized by diminished or absent production of sex hormones by the testicles in men and the ovaries in women. Hypogonadism is classified into primary and secondary hypogonadism. Each type of hypogonadism can be caused by congenital and acquired factors.

MPox Skin Lesions.

Mpox is caused by the Monkeypox virus, which belongs to the Orthopoxvirus genus and Poxviridae family. The Monkeypox virus was first identified as a cause of disease in humans in the 1970s in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Mpox was considered endemic in several African countries.

Gaucher Disease: A First Reported Adult Case in Indonesia.

A 44-year-old female presented with a distended abdomen and fatigue. On physical examination, prominent splenomegaly was found. The laboratory investigations revealed pancytopenia and decreased albumin-globulin ratio.

Development and validation of the adolescent behavioural change Counselling Assessment Tool in Indonesia.

Background: Primary care provides an important context to engage adolescents and their families in healthy lifestyles with the goal of reducing future behaviour-related health problems. Developing a valid tool to assess health professionals' skills in behavioural change counselling is integral to improving the quality of clinical care provided to adolescents in Indonesia.

Methods: This work was nested within a project to develop a training program to enhance the behaviour-change counselling of adolescents and their parents by Indonesian primary care professionals.