Unintentional exposure to leuprolide acetate during early pregnancy with a huge intramural myoma.

Leuprolide acetate is commonly used to reduce the size of myomas before surgery. Initially, it stimulates pituitary gonadotropin secretion, followed by sustained suppression of gonadal function. However, the impact on pregnancy outcomes from inadvertent exposure remains unclear.

Validation of the Thai translation of the attitudes toward euthanasia scale.

In Thailand, euthanasia has been a controversial topic for several decades. The assessment of attitudes toward euthanasia among medical students who will become future medical practitioners is essential for the progression of future legislation and practice. This study aimed to adapt and validate the Attitude Towards Euthanasia scale in the Thai context and measure its validity and reliability.

Changes of health-related quality of life within 6 months after stroke by clinical and sociodemographic factors.

Stroke causes functional disabilities and reduces the quality of life of stroke survivors. This retrospective cohort study aimed to examine changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) six months after a stroke and the effect of stroke characteristics and sociodemographic factors on HRQoL. Participants completed a questionnaire that included the stroke characteristics, sociodemographic characteristics, and the 5-level European Quality of Life 5 dimensions (EQ-5D-5L) before discharge.

Delayed spontaneous resolution of a double anterior chamber following deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK).

Background: This study reports a rare case of delayed spontaneous resolution of double anterior chambers (AC) resulting from non-rhegmatogenous Descemet membrane detachment (DMD) after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK). Currently, management guidelines for this condition have not been established.

Case Presentation: A 65-year-old woman with lattice corneal dystrophy underwent uncomplicated DALK, during which an unrecognized type 2 big bubble was present.

Economic evaluation of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate prophylaxis to prevent mother-to-child transmission of Hepatitis B virus infection: evidence from a lower-middle income country.

No cost-effectiveness information of preventive strategies for mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) has existed for policy decision making. This study aimed to compare the cost-effectiveness of alternative strategies to prevent MTCT of HBV in Vietnam. Cost-utility analysis using a hybrid decision-tree and Markov model were performed from healthcare system and societal perspectives.

Pharmacogenomic landscape of the Thai population from genome sequencing of 949 individuals.

Inter-individual variability in drug responses is significantly influenced by genetic factors, underscoring the importance of population-specific pharmacogenomic studies to optimize clinical outcomes. In this study, we analyzed whole genome sequencing data from 949 unrelated Thai individuals and conducted an in-depth analysis of 3239 genes involved in drug pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, or immune-mediated adverse drug reactions. We identified 43 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 134 diplotypes, and 15 human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles, all with moderate to high clinical significance.

Association between exposure to gender and sexual diversity in media (GSDM) and Thai adolescents' attitude towards LGBT individuals: a cross-sectional study in Bangkok schools.

Objective: In recent years, global media has increasingly represented lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) individuals, contributing to greater societal acceptance of diverse sexualities and gender identities. However, in Thailand, negative attitudes towards LGBT individuals remain prevalent, and media portrayals, both positive and negative, play a critical role in shaping public perceptions. These portrayals can significantly influence how different groups, particularly adolescents, view LGBT individuals.

Simple prediction model for vitamin D deficiency in women with osteoporosis or risk factors for osteoporosis in Thailand.

Introduction: In Thailand, the assessment of vitamin D status by measuring 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D] levels in individuals at risk for osteoporosis is constrained by limited facilities and high costs. This study aimed to create a clinical model for predicting vitamin D deficiency in women with osteoporosis or risk factors for osteoporosis.

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 490 women.

Inhibition of CFTR-mediated intestinal chloride secretion by nornidulin: Cellular mechanisms and anti-secretory efficacy in human intestinal epithelial cells and human colonoids.

Secretory diarrhea, a major global health concern, particularly among young children, is often characterized by excessive chloride secretion through the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channel. Nornidulin, a fungus-derived natural product from Aspergillus unguis, has previously been shown to inhibit cAMP-induced Cl- secretion in T84 cells (human intestinal cell lines). However, the cellular mechanism of nornidulin in inhibiting cAMP-induced Cl- secretion and its anti-secretory efficacy is still unknown especially in a human colonoid model, a preclinical model recapitulating intestinal physiology in humans.

International prevalence patterns of low eGFR in adults aged 18-60 without traditional risk factors from a population-based cross-sectional disadvantaged populations eGFR epidemiology (DEGREE) study.

The disadvantaged populations eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate) epidemiology (DEGREE) study was designed to gain insight into the burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) of undetermined cause (CKDu) using standard protocols to estimate the general-population prevalence of low eGFR internationally. Therefore, we estimated the age-standardized prevalence of eGFR under 60 ml/min per 1.73m in adults aged 18-60, excluding participants with commonly known causes of CKD; an ACR (albumin/creatinine ratio) over 300 mg/g or equivalent, or self-reported or measured (HT) hypertension or (DM) diabetes mellitus, stratified by sex and location.

Assessment of compliance and therapeutic efficacy of albendazole treatment in Chinese patients with echinococcosis.

Background: Echinococcosis is an infectious parasitic disease that is extremely harmful to human health. Albendazole is provided free of charge to patients requiring medication under the central government finance transfer payment scheme for echinococcosis control and prevention in China. Our aim is to monitor the state of patient medication and its therapeutic impact, which will help improve medication compliance and the therapeutic effect.

Comparison of Corneal Epitheliotrophic Factors of Undiluted Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma and Autologous Serum Eye Drops for Dry Eye Disease.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the growth factor concentrations in undiluted autologous platelet-rich plasma (APRP) and autologous serum (AS) eye drops.

Methods: This was a single-center, prospective trial conducted in a tertiary university hospital in Bangkok, Thailand. Ninety-six patients with moderate-to-severe dry eye disease, who were randomly assigned to receive either 100% APRP or 100% AS, were enrolled in the study.

Preserved motion perception and the density of cortical projections to V5 in homonymous hemianopia.

Following a unilateral post-chiasmal lesion of the geniculo-striate pathway, patients develop homonymous visual field defects. Using classical perimetry, patients with 'complete' homonymous hemianopia are unaware of stimuli in the affected hemifield. However, some show preserved vision in the affected hemifield in which the conscious perception of moving stimuli is preserved (Riddoch phenomenon).

A worldwide assessment of the mechanical ventilation in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Analysis of the VENTILAGROUP over time. A retrospective, multicenter study.

Background: The trend over time and across different geographical areas of outcomes and management with noninvasive ventilation or invasive mechanical ventilation in patients admitted for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and treated with ventilatory support is unknown. The purpose of this study was to describe outcomes and identify variables associated with survival for patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [aeCOPD] who received noninvasive or invasive mechanical ventilation worldwide.

Methods: Retrospective, multi-national, and multicenter studies, including four observational cohort studies, were carried out in 1998, 2004, 2010, and 2016 for the VENTILAGROUP following the same methodology.

Bone Mineral Density Improvement After Resolution of Endogenous Cushing Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: We aimed to identify all evidence to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) improvement after resolution of endogenous Cushing syndrome (eCS).

Methods: Potentially eligible studies were identified from the EMBASE and PubMed databases from inception to February 2024, utilizing a search strategy incorporating terms related to "Bone mineral density" and "Cushing syndrome". Eligible studies must include patients diagnosed with eCS.

Proteomic Analysis Reveals Cadherin, Actin, and Focal Adhesion Molecule-Mediated Formation of Cervical Cancer Spheroids.

Cancer spheroids are spherical, three-dimensional (3D), in vitro assemblies of cancer cells, which are gaining importance as a useful model in cancer behavior studies. Designed to simulate key features of the in vivo tumor microenvironment, spheroids offer reliable insights for drug screening and testing applications. We observed contrasting phenotypes in 3D cervical cancer (CC) cultures.

A common form of dominant human IFNAR1 deficiency impairs IFN-α and -ω but not IFN-β-dependent immunity.

Autosomal recessive deficiency of the IFNAR1 or IFNAR2 chain of the human type I IFN receptor abolishes cellular responses to IFN-α, -β, and -ω, underlies severe viral diseases, and is globally very rare, except for IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 deficiency in Western Polynesia and the Arctic, respectively. We report 11 human IFNAR1 alleles, the products of which impair but do not abolish responses to IFN-α and -ω without affecting responses to IFN-β. Ten of these alleles are rare in all populations studied, but the remaining allele (P335del) is common in Southern China (minor allele frequency ≈2%).

Navigating pancreas transplant perceptions: assessing public sentiment and strategies using AI-driven analysis.

Background: Pancreas transplantation, a crucial treatment for diabetes, is underutilized due to its invasiveness, strict criteria, organ scarcity, and limited centers. This highlights the need for enhanced public education and awareness through digital health platforms.

Methods: We utilized Google's AI-driven, consensus-based model and Claude AI 3.

Targeted protein degradation of PDE4 shortforms by a novel proteolysis targeting chimera.

Cyclic AMP (cAMP) has a crucial role in many vital cellular processes and there has been much effort expended in the discovery of inhibitors against the enzyme superfamily that degrades this second messenger, namely phosphodiesterases (PDEs). The journey of competitive PDE inhibitors to the clinic has been hampered by side effects profiles that have resulted from a lack of selectivity for subfamilies and individual isoforms because of high conservation of catalytic site sequences and structures. Here we introduce a proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) that can specifically target a small subset of isoforms from the PDE4 family to send the enzyme for degradation at the proteasome by recruiting a ubiquitin E3 ligase into proximity with the PDE.

Can SGLT-2 inhibitors improve cardiovascular outcomes and ensure safety for patients with type 2 diabetes and heart failure in Thailand? A real-world multicentre retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: To assess the real-world effectiveness and safety of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and heart failure (HF) and to evaluate the associated risks of adverse events.

Design: A retrospective cohort study using propensity score analysis to control confounding variables.

Setting: Data were collected from the electronic health records of two large tertiary care hospitals in Thailand over a 12-year period (2010-2022).

Development and Validation of a Literature Screening Tool: Few-Shot Learning Approach in Systematic Reviews.

Background: Systematic reviews (SRs) are considered the highest level of evidence, but their rigorous literature screening process can be time-consuming and resource-intensive. This is particularly challenging given the rapid pace of medical advancements, which can quickly make SRs outdated. Few-shot learning (FSL), a machine learning approach that learns effectively from limited data, offers a potential solution to streamline this process.

Risk of agranulocytosis and neutropenia in patients with Parkinson's disease psychosis receiving clozapine treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To assess the cumulative incidence of severe neutropenia and agranulocytosis (SNA) and mild and moderate neutropenia (MMN) in patients with Parkinson's disease psychosis (PDP) who receive clozapine treatment.

Methods: We searched multiple databases to identify clozapine studies in PDP patients. Incidence rates were assessed during short-term (within 1 month), medium-term (within 6 months), and long-term (> 6 months) monitoring periods.

Diet and Physical Activity Behaviors of Breast Cancer Survivors: A Scoping Review.

Objectives: This scoping review explored insight into the current evidence on adherence to health behavior guidelines, specifically diet and physical activity among breast cancer survivors.

Methods: A scoping review was conducted through databases including PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus with Full Text in November 2022, following the JBI methodology. The search strategy combined the keywords i) diet OR nutrition OR eating OR exercise OR physical activity OR fitness and ii) breast cancer survivors OR patients with breast cancer.