[Multicentric Screening of Local Antibiotic Resistance in Uncomplicated Urinary System Infections: 1850 Patients from 37 Centers].

This study was aimed to identify the most frequently observed pathogens in uncomplicated urinary tract infections from outpatient urinary isolates obtained across seven different geographical regions in Türkiye and to determine whether the antibiotic resistance rates of these pathogens differ significantly between these regions. The study included patients aged 18 to 65 years who were diagnosed with uncomplicated urinary tract infections and had positive urine cultures from March 2021 to August 2022, across 37 different centers in Türkiye. The participating centers were selected based on their use of the disk diffusion method, in line with the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) guidelines, to ensure standardization of urine culture data.

The Ability of Large Language Models to Generate Patient Information Materials for Retinopathy of Prematurity: Evaluation of Readability, Accuracy, and Comprehensiveness.

Objectives: This study compared the readability of patient education materials from the Turkish Ophthalmological Association (TOA) retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) guidelines with those generated by large language models (LLMs). The ability of GPT-4.0, GPT-4o mini, and Gemini to produce patient education materials was evaluated in terms of accuracy and comprehensiveness.

Assessment of left atrial size, left atrial volume and left ventricular function, and its relation to spontaneous echocardiographic contrast in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A preliminary study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between spontaneous echocardiographic contrast (SEC) and left atrial (LA) parameters such as size, volume, and function in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Cats were assigned into following groups: clinically healthy cats (n=8), HCM without SEC (n=12), and HCM with SEC (n=8). Left atrial shortening fraction (LAFS%) and left atrial fractional area change (LAFAC) had statistical significance between groups.

Melatonin prevents nicotine-induced hepatotoxicity by modulating apoptosis and histopathological changes in rats.

Nicotine, the main toxic component of tobacco, directly or indirectly causes adverse effects on the liver metabolism. Melatonin, secreted by the pineal gland, has anti-apoptotic activity as well as antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to reveal the antiapoptotic effects of melatonin in rats with experimentally induced chronic liver damage with nicotine.

Implementation of written asthma action plan among asthma patients in Türkiye: a multicenter, cross-sectional, descriptive study.

Background/aim: There is currently no data from Türkiye on whether, following a diagnosis of asthma, patients are given an asthma action plan to implement. There is also no data on whether patients can manage their treatment based on the provided asthma action plans. The present study aimed to determine the use of asthma action plans in Türkiye and the awareness levels of patients about these plans.

Love as a Commitment Device : Evidence from a Cross-Cultural Study across 90 Countries.

Given the ubiquitous nature of love, numerous theories have been proposed to explain its existence. One such theory refers to love as a commitment device, suggesting that romantic love evolved to foster commitment between partners and enhance their reproductive success. In the present study, we investigated this hypothesis using a large-scale sample of 86,310 individual responses collected across 90 countries.

Effects of dynamic elastomeric fabric orthoses in children with cerebral palsy: A single-blind randomized controlled trial.

Background: The dynamic elastomeric fabric orthoses (DEFOs) are made of neoprene material, providing the right biomechanical alignment and afferent input in the trunk, pelvis, and extremities, potentially allowing individuals to actively participate in daily life.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of DEFOs applied to the lower trunk and pelvis, on balance, gait parameters, and pelvic symmetry in children with cerebral palsy (CP).

Study Design: An evaluator-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Trends and Outcomes of Laparoscopic Surgery in Low-Resource Settings: Lessons From Two African Healthcare Systems-A Narrative Review.

Introduction: Laparoscopic surgery (LS) has been a promising development in surgical practice globally ever since its introduction. LS has exhibited many an advantage, including bettering patient outcomes, lowering the risk of postoperative infection, and displaying economical affluence. However, its implementation in the African continent still faces various challenges.

Drug-refractory irritability and related factors in autistic children.

Objectives: Autistic children frequently exhibit irritability, which can manifest as aggression, self-injurious behaviour, and severe tantrums, leading to significant impairments. Two atypical antipsychotics have been licensed by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of irritability in autistic children, although a significant percentage of these children do not respond to this treatment. This study aimed to determine the frequency of drug refractory irritability (DRI) and identify the risk factors in a large clinical sample of autistic children.

Long-term Impact of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Assistance on Glycemic Control in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Following the 2023 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) assistance on glycemic control in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in earthquake-affected regions, comparing those who benefited from CGM with those who did not. Additionally, the study assessed changes in CGM metrics over nine months of CGM use.

Methods: A multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted across 11 centers in Türkiye.

Analyzing emergency department presentations linked to secondary earthquake effects.

Objective: The earthquakes that struck Türkiye on February 6, 2023, significantly impacted the province of Hatay. A portion of the patients presenting to emergency departments (ED) following the earthquake were exposed to secondary effects without experiencing direct physical trauma. This study aims to evaluate the demographic, clinical, and psychosocial characteristics of patients presenting to the ED during the early post-earthquake period due to secondary effects, as well as to examine the challenges encountered during this process.

Emergency treatment of obstructive pyelonephritis: A single center series.

Objective: This study aims to compare two different drainage methods, percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) and retrograde ureteral double-J (DJ) stent insertion, in patients with obstructive pyelonephritis (OP).

Methods: The study included 77 patients who presented to the emergency department due to stones. Type of decompression treatment (PCN or DJ stent), fever, white blood cell count (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, urine culture, blood culture, presence of additional diseases, and antibiotic treatment were evaluated for these patients.

Monkeypox Outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Outcomes, Public Health Implications, and Security Measures.

Background: The Monkeypox virus (MPXV), a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus, is responsible for the zoonotic disease known as MPX. Primarily found in western and central Africa, emerging studies indicate a shift in transmission dynamics. Ongoing MPX outbreaks in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) have escalated into significant public health concerns.

Which is a Better Predictor for the Safety and Efficacy of Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery; Stone Size or Volume? A Study of RIRsearch Study Group.

To compare the predictive effects of stone size and volume on the efficacy and safety of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) and to determine the cutoff values of stone volume for prediction of RIRS efficacy and safety. Patients who underwent RIRS between 2017 and 2021 in six referral centers were retrospectively included in the study. The database of the RIRsearch group, which was formed prospectively, was used for this retrospective analysis.

Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha and Interleukin 6 localization in the Umbilical Cord Tissue of Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia: Smokers and Non-smokers.

Objective: In this study, the localization of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL) -6 in the umbilical cord tissue of pregnant women with preeclampsia who smoke and in those who do not smoke was investigated using immunohistochemical methods.

Methods: The sample groups consisted of a control group, cigarette smokers, preeclampsia, and cigarette smokers with preeclampsia. Histological and immunohistochemical methods were applied to the tissue samples.

Hospitality Venues' Anti-tobacco Legislation Violation in 11 Different Cities in Türkiye.

In Türkiye, anti-tobacco legislation (Law No. 4207 on the Prevention and Control of Harms of Tobacco Products) aims to ensure a "tobacco-free" life for current and future generations. However, there are observations of violations in the hospitality sector.

Does COVID-19 reduce anti-Mullerian hormone levels in women of reproductive age in late periods of infection?

Objective: The question of whether severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection influences ovarian function and oocyte quality has arisen as angiotensin converting enzyme-2 receptors, which facilitates viral infection, are found on reproductive system tissues, including the vagina, placenta, uterus, and ovaries. The primary objective of this prospective study was to evaluate the impact of SARS-CoV-2, on ovarian function, with a focus on anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and acute phase reactant levels in patients well after recovery from coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19).

Material And Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology at a single center between October 2020 and June 2021.

Dynamics of Selected Milk Quality Parameters and Expression Patterns of miR-26a, miR-27a, and miR-148a During Transition From Colostrum to Mature Milk in Awassi Sheep.

This study investigated expressions of microRNA (miR)-26a, miR-27a, and miR-148a in plasma, colostrum and milk collected on different days (0th, 4th, 7th, 14th, and 28th days) during transition from colostrum to milk in Awassi sheep. Relationships between miRNAs and quality parameters were also explored. During transition, Somatic Cell Count, Fat-free dry matter, protein, lactose decreased, pH, freezing point (FP), electrical conductivity (EC) increased.

Does thiol-disulphide balance in tissue and serum play a role in disease management in ureteropelvic junction stenosis?

Background: The study aimed at evaluating the role of thiol-disulphide balance parameters [native thiol (SH), total thiol (SH + SS), disulphide (SS), disulphide/native thiol ratio (% SS/SH), disulphide/total thiol ratio (% SS/Total Thiol) and native thiol/total thiol ratio (%SH/Total Thiol)], which are important oxidative stress markers in the congenital ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) stenosis, in the diagnosis of the disease, and its role in determining the need for surgery and follow-up.

Materials And Methods: This prospective study included 30 children diagnosed with congenital intrinsic ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) and a control group of 30 healthy children admitted to the pediatric clinic between January 2016 and February 2017. The children with UPJO underwent laparoscopic dismembered pyeloplasty.

Ocular haemodynamics in children with vitamin D deficiency.

Background: To evaluate the retinal and optic nerve head microvasculature in children with vitamin D deficiency using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study included 74 eyes of 37 children with vitamin D deficiency (Group I) and 64 eyes of 32 healthy children (Group II). All participants underwent OCTA examinations.

Assessment of Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulant Dosing Patterns in Turkish Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation: A Multicenter, Cross-Sectional Study with Insights from the ASPECT-NOAC Study.

Objective: We aimed to assess the real-world label adherence of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC) dosing patterns, including apixaban, edoxaban, and rivaroxaban, in Turkish patients with atrial fibrillation.

Methods: This was an observational, prospective, cross-sectional, multicenter study. Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who were prescribed NOACs within the last 4 months were recruited from 34 cardiology clinics in Türkiye.

Adaptation of the Problem Areas in Diabetes-Teen Scale into Turkish and examination of its psychometric properties: a validity and reliability study.

Objective: Management of type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is quite challenging for both adolescents and their families. In this study, we aimed to translate the 14-item Problem Areas in Diabetes-Teen (PAID-T) scale, which measures variables that influence diabetes distress, to Turkish and investigate the Turkish version's reliability and validity.

Methods: One hundred and ninety-four adolescents with T1DM participated in the study.