Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Conditioned Media Modulate HUVEC Response to HO: Impact on Gene Expression and Potential for Atherosclerosis Intervention.

We studied the potential of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell conditioned media (hBMSC CM) in protecting endothelial cell properties (viability, proliferation, and migrations) from the deleterious effects produced by the inflammatory environment of HO. Additionally, we investigated their impact on the endothelial cells' gene expression of some inflammatory-related genes, namely, TGF-1, FOS, ATF3, RAF-1, and SMAD3. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured individually under three conditions: alone, with varying concentrations of HO, or with varying concentrations of HO and hBMSC CM.

Restoration of renal hemodynamics and functions by administration in dinitrophenol-induced hypoxia in rat's animal model.

Objective: Hypoxia is one of the principal causes of renal diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of on dinitrophenol (DNP)-induced hypoxia renal damage in rats.

Methods: Forty adult male rats were incorporated in this study.

Cholera rages in Africa and the Middle East: A narrative review on challenges and solutions.

Background And Aim: Cholera is a life-threatening infectious disease that is still one of the most common acute watery diarrheal diseases in the world today. Acute diarrhea and severe dehydration brought on by cholera can cause hypovolemic shock, which can be fatal in minutes. Without competent clinical therapy, the rate of case fatality surpasses 50%.

Clinical Signs and Treatment of New-Onset Bone Marrow Failure Associated SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children: A Single Institution Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Viral infections can cause direct and indirect damage to hematopoietic stem cells. The objectives of this study were to identify the frequency and severity of aplastic anemia in children infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as well as recognize the response to treatment.

Methodology: 13 children with newly diagnosed severe aplastic anemia were enrolled in this prospective clinical trial.

Clinical and Bacteriological Analyses of Biofilm-Forming Staphylococci Isolated from Diabetic Foot Ulcers.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, foot ulcers and amputations due to diabetes are very common in developing countries. The purpose of this study was to characterize the clinical presentation of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) infections, isolate the causative agent, and analyze the biofilm formation and distribution of biofilm-related genes among isolated Staphylococci.

R2CHA2DS2-VA Predictsthe Cardiovascular Risk after Carotid Endarterectomy.

Background: R2CHA2DS2-VA score has been used to predict short and long-term outcomes in many cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to validate the R2CHA2DS2-VA score as a long-term major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) predictor after carotid endarterectomy (CEA). Secondary outcomes were also assessed regarding the incidence of all-cause mortality, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), major adverse limb events (MALE), and acute heart failure (AHF).

Correlation between preoperative calcium and parathormone levels with parathyroid gland volume.

Hyperparathyroidism is a prevalent disease with parathyroid adenomas being the most common cause. Surgical excision remains the standard treatment for parathyroid adenoma. Successful preoperative localization of the parathyroid adenoma could facilitate the decision regarding the extent of surgical exploration.

Hepatitis E Virus Persistence and/or Replication in the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Acute HEV-Infected Patients.

Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) causes about 14 million infections with 300,000 deaths and 5,200 stillbirths worldwide annually. Extrahepatic manifestations are reported with HEV infections, such as renal, neurological, and hematological disorders. Recently, we reported that stool-derived HEV-1 replicates efficiently in human monocytes and macrophages .

Characterization of Antigen Escape Mutations in Chronic HBV-Infected Patients in Upper Egypt.

Background: Mutations within the "a" determinant region (position 124-147) that is present in the major hydrophilic region (MHR, position 99-160) of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) are associated with vaccine-escape, lack of diagnosis, and failure to hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) therapy. Data regarding the amino acid changes of "a" determinant region of HBsAg are limited in Egypt. The prevalence and mutations in this region among chronic HBV (CHB)-infected patients in Upper Egypt are not known.

Microbial aspects and potential markers for differentiation between bacterial and viral meningitis among adult patients.

Objectives: Meningitis is a medical emergency with permanent disabilities and high mortality worldwide. We aimed to determine causative microorganisms and potential markers for differentiation between bacterial and viral meningitis.

Methodology: Adult patients with acute meningitis were subjected to lumber puncture.

Correlation between semiquantitative and volumetric 18F-FDG PET/computed tomography parameters and Ki-67 expression in breast cancer.

Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between semiquantitative and volumetric parameters on 18F-FDG PET/computed tomography (CT), including maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), tumor to liver ratio (TLR) and tumor to mediastinum ratio (TMR) with the level of Ki-67 expression in breast cancer.

Patient And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 105 female patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer who underwent baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT and had immunohistochemical staining to determine the level of Ki-67 expression. The following PET parameters were measured (SUVmax, SUVmean, MTV, TLG, TLR and TMR) and correlated with level of Ki-67 expression.

Bioactive fluorenes. Part III: 2,7-dichloro-9-fluorene-based thiazolidinone and azetidinone analogues as anticancer and antimicrobial against multidrug resistant strains agents.

Background: Thiazoles, thiazolidinones and azetidinones are highly ranked amongst natural and synthetic heterocyclic derivatives due to their great pharmaceutical potential.

Results: New thiazolidinone and azetidinone class of bioactive agents based on 4-(2,7-dichloro-9-fluoren-4-yl)thiazole moiety have been successfully synthesized. 4-(2,7-dichloro-9-fluoren-4-yl)thiazol-2-amine was synthesized and allowed to react with various aryl/heteroaryl aldehydes to afford the corresponding Schiff base intermediates.

HLA Class II-DRB1 Alleles with Hepatitis C Virus Infection Outcome in Egypt: A Multicentre Family-based Study.

Introduction And Aim: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global medical problem. HLA -DRB1 alleles have an important role in immune response against HCV. The aim of this study is to clarify the contribution of HLA -DRB1 alleles in HCV susceptibility in a multicentre family-based study.

Association of interferon gamma gene polymorphism and susceptibility to hepatitis C virus infection in Egyptian patients: A multicenter, family-based study.

Background And Aim: Polymorphisms in some genes may influence the persistence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, clinical outcome, HCV replication, and liver damage. This study was conducted to investigate the role of the interferon gamma (IFN-γ) gene at (+874 T/A, -764 G/C, -179 C/A) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and its receptor (IFN-γR2) at (rs 2786067 A/C) SNP in the susceptibility of Egyptian families to HCV infection with high-resolution techniques.

Methods: In total, 517 Egyptian families, with 2246 subjects, were recruited to this study from the Upper and Lower Egypt governorates and were classified into three groups: 1034 patients with chronic hepatitis C virus, 108 subjects with spontaneous virus clearance (SVC), and 1104 subjects as a healthy control group.

An update on advances in magnetic resonance imaging of multiple system atrophy.

In this review, we describe how different neuroimaging tools have been used to identify novel MSA biomarkers, highlighting their advantages and limitations. First, we describe the main structural MRI changes frequently associated with MSA including the 'hot cross-bun' and 'putaminal rim' signs as well as putaminal, pontine, and middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP) atrophy. We discuss the sensitivity and specificity of different supra- and infratentorial changes in differentiating MSA from other disorders, highlighting those that can improve diagnostic accuracy, including the MCP width and MCP/superior cerebellar peduncle (SCP) ratio on T1-weighted imaging, raised putaminal diffusivity on diffusion-weighted imaging, and increased T2* signal in the putamen, striatum, and substantia nigra on susceptibility-weighted imaging.

Lack of pain relief during labor is blamable for the increase in the women demands towards cesarean delivery: a cross-sectional study.

Background: This study aims to assess knowledge, attitude and acceptance of antenatal women for pain relief methods during labor and to know the effect of presumed availability of pain relief methods during labor on the attitude of women towards the mode of delivery.

Materials And Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at a tertiary hospital between January and December 2016. A structured interview questionnaire had been administered including data related to current pregnancy, knowledge, attitude and previous experience of pain, labor analgesia, women's attitude toward the mode of delivery and its relation to the availability of adequate analgesia during labor.

Intracochlear Pressures in Simulated Otitis Media With Effusion: A Temporal Bone Study.

Hypothesis: Simulated otitis media with effusion reduces intracochlear pressures comparable to umbo velocity.

Background: Otitis media with effusion is a common cause of temporary hearing loss, particularly in children, producing deficits of 30 to 40 dB. Previous studies measured the effects of simulated effusion on ossicular mechanics; however, no studies have measured cochlear stimulation directly.

Could intradialytic nutrition improve refractory anaemia in patients undergoing haemodialysis?

Background: This prospective randomised study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of intradialytic parenteral nutrition (IDPN) therapy in malnourished patients with refractory anaemia.

Methods: Forty patients who were malnourished with a BMI not greater than 23 (17-23) kg/m , undergoing regular HD were included. Of those, 20 patients received 500-1000 ml of IDPN at a rate of 250-300 ml/h at each HD session three days per week for six consecutive months.

Intra uterine extra-amniotic versus vaginal misoprostol for termination of second trimester miscarriage: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Termination of pregnancy in the second trimester using prostaglandins has been shown to be safe and effective. Misoprostol has multiple routes of administration; oral, vaginal, buccal, rectal and sublingual.

Objective: The study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of intrauterine extra-amniotic and vaginal misoprostol in a dose of 200 microgram every 4 hours for the termination of pregnancy in cases of second trimester miscarriage.

Associations of human leucocyte antigen class II-DQB1 alleles with hepatitis C virus infection in Egyptian population: a multicentre family-based study.

Hepatitis C infection is a global pandemic. HLA-DQB1 alleles are believed to have an effective role in immune response against HCV including susceptibility to or protection from this infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of HLA-DQB1 alleles in the outcome of HCV genotype-4 infection through a family-based association study.

Effect of IL6 and IL23 on double negative T cells and anti ds-DNA in systemic lupus erythematosus patients.

Several evidences suggest that DN T cells, IL23 and IL6 play a role in the pathogenesis of SLE. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of DN T cells in SLE patients and the relation to their activity also to assess the possible role of IL6 and IL23 on DN T cells. Thirty patients with SLE and sixteen healthy blood donor females were enrolled.

Evaluation of chromogenic media and seminested PCR in the identification of Candida species.

Identification of Candida cultured from various clinical specimens to the species level is increasingly necessary for clinical laboratories. Although sn PCR identifies the species within hours but its cost-effectiveness is to be considered. So there is always a need for media which help in the isolation and identification at the species level.

Hypoxia biomarkers, oxidative stress, and circulating microparticles in pediatric patients with thalassemia in Upper Egypt.

This study aimed to investigate the oxidative stress, hypoxia biomarkers, and circulating microparticles (MPs) in β thalassemia major. The study included 56 children with thalassemia and 46 healthy controls. Hypoxia biomarkers, oxidative stress biomarkers, and total plasma fragmented DNA (fDNA) were detected by the standard methods.

Effect of propofol on perception of pain in mice: mechanisms of action.

The latencies of pain threshold to different subhypnotic doses (12.5, 25 and 50 mg kg-1) of propofol, an anaesthetic, administered intraperitoneally (i.p.