Screening for diabetes among tuberculosis patients: a nationwide population-based study in Egypt.

Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing rapidly in Egypt and considered one of the major health problems in the Eastern Mediterranean region.

Objectives: To measure the prevalence of diabetes and detect the undiagnosed cases of diabetes mellitus among patient with tuberculosis.

Methods: Study Design: Nationwide population-based study.

Left atrial deformation analysis as a predictor of severity of coronary artery disease.

Background: Two-dimensional (2D) speckle-tracking strain imaging is a novel method for assessment of regional myocardial deformation that uses tracking of acoustic speckles or kernels rather than Doppler myocardial velocities. It has been suggested that Left atrial (LA) strain as measured by 2D speckle tracking can be used to evaluate dynamic LA function.

Objective: To study the relation between left atrial deformation and the severity of coronary artery stenosis in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD).

Association of interferon gamma gene polymorphism and susceptibility to hepatitis C virus infection in Egyptian patients: A multicenter, family-based study.

Background And Aim: Polymorphisms in some genes may influence the persistence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, clinical outcome, HCV replication, and liver damage. This study was conducted to investigate the role of the interferon gamma (IFN-γ) gene at (+874 T/A, -764 G/C, -179 C/A) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and its receptor (IFN-γR2) at (rs 2786067 A/C) SNP in the susceptibility of Egyptian families to HCV infection with high-resolution techniques.

Methods: In total, 517 Egyptian families, with 2246 subjects, were recruited to this study from the Upper and Lower Egypt governorates and were classified into three groups: 1034 patients with chronic hepatitis C virus, 108 subjects with spontaneous virus clearance (SVC), and 1104 subjects as a healthy control group.

Serum ferritin as a non-invasive marker in the prediction of hepatic fibrosis among Egyptian patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background And Aim: Many studies have found a relationship between hepatic iron, serum ferritin, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or its progress. The aim of this study is to assess the value of serum ferritin as a non-invasive marker in the prediction of hepatic fibrosis in NAFLD.

Methods: This study included 113 subjects who were classified into three groups.

circRNAs (hsa_circ_00156, hsa_circ _000224, and hsa_circ _000520) are novel potential biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a newly validated type of noncoding RNAs recently found to be deregulated in several human cancers. More accurate and specific noninvasive biomarkers are strongly needed for better diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We performed a bioinformatics analysis to retrieve a novel panel of circRNAs potentially relevant to HCC.

Association of intercellular adhesion gene A with biofilm formation in staphylococci isolates from patients with conjunctivitis.

Background: There is a great negative impact of biofilm-mediated infection on patient health which necessitates the use of reliable methods for detecting biofilm producers.

Aims: This study was done to determine biofilm-producing ability and the presence of a g A in clinical staphylococcal isolates and to assess the reliability of two phenotypic methods used for biofilm detection.

Materials And Methods: Fifty staphylococcal strains were isolated from 100 conjunctival swabs from patients attended the Ophthalmology Outpatient Department of the Research Institute of Ophthalmology.

Comparative Study on Acellular Dermal Graft Versus Propylene Mesh Both Either Loaded or Unloaded with BM-MSCs in Healing of Skull Bone Defect in Rats: Histological and Immunohistochemical Study.

Bone defect occurs as a consequence of many conditions. Diseased bones don't heal properly and defects in face area need proper bone reconstruction to avoid psychological and social problems. Tissue engineering is an emerging new modality of treatment.

Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in type 2 diabetes: Relation to nephropathy and retinopathy.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of end stage renal disease worldwide. Early identification of diabetic nephropathy even before appearance of microalbuminuria is a challenge for early prevention of occurrence and progression of this complication. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin is a small protein that belongs to the lipocalin protein.

Evaluation of Combined Use of Temocillin Disk and Mastdisks Inhibitor Combination Set Against Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detection of Carbapenem-Resistant .

Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of MDI and temocillin disk (30 μg) for detection of carbapenem-resistant in comparison to real-time PCR.

Material And Methods: Fifty specimens submitted to the Microbiology Laboratory of Ain Shams University Hospitals and showed resistance to carbapenem drugs through routine culture and susceptibility testing, were assessed by both temocillin disk (30 μg) and MDI set to detect carbapenem-resistant . Results were compared to real-time PCR for detection of carbapenemase genes -48-, , and .

Patient with Hemiparkinsonism Secondary to a Gun Pellet in the Contralateral Substantia Nigra.

A 33 year-old male presented with right upper limb rest tremor that disappeared on action, posture associated with bradykinesia, and rigidity of right upper and lower limbs (Video S1). Patient also presented right-sided pyramidal weakness (grade 4), hyperreflexia, extensor plantar response, and hemihypesthesia. Skull X-ray and computed tomography (CT) of the brain showed several metal pellets producing multiple artifacts (Fig.

Descriptive analysis of medication errors reported to the Egyptian national online reporting system during six months.

Objectives: This study analyzes reports to the Egyptian medication error (ME) reporting system from June to December 2014.

Methods: Fifty hospital pharmacists received training on ME reporting using the national reporting system. All received reports were reviewed and analyzed.

Hypoxic metabolism in human hematopoietic stem cells.

Background: Adult hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are maintained in a microenvironment, known as niche in the endosteal regions of the bone marrow. This stem cell niche with low oxygen tension requires HSCs to adopt a unique metabolic profile. We have recently demonstrated that mouse long-term hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs) utilize glycolysis instead of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation as their main energy source.

Central retinal artery resistive index and optical coherence tomography in assessment of glaucoma progression.

Aim: To assess the relation between central retinal artery (CRA) resistive index (RI) and retinal nerve fiber thickness measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in assessment of disease progress in cases of open angle glaucoma.

Methods: Twenty-three patients with diagnosed open angle glaucoma were included in this study. They were examined by colored duplex ultrasonography of CRA with estimation of RI of CRA and ophthalmic artery (OA) with estimation of CRA/OA RI ratio as well as OCT measurement of the average retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in order to assess the disease progress.

A double-blind, rct testing beneficial modulation of BDNF in middle-aged, life style-stressed subjects: a clue to brain protection?

Introduction: The aim of this prospective study was to see whether LD-1227, a quality-controlled marine nutraceuticals shown to protect experimental stress-induced hyppocampal degeneration, could beneficially modulate BDNF, as measured in the serum, in otherwise healthy but work-stressed individuals.

Materials And Methods: Forty-eight men and women between the ages of 38 and 62 reporting high-demanding work activity but with an overall positive attitude towards their personal life were recruited. Subjects were divided in two group (24 patients each) and blindly supplemented for 2 month with: a) LD-1227 400mg or b) placebo.

Total laparoscopic hysterectomy, vaginal hysterectomy and total abdominal hysterectomy using electrosurgical bipolar vessel sealing technique: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: To compare total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH), total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) and vaginal hysterectomy (VH) using electrosurgical bipolar vessel sealing (EBVS) technique regarding operative time, intra and postoperative complications.

Methods: The current prospective randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted at Ain-shams University maternity Hospital, Cairo, Egypt. Ninety patients who were admitted from gynecologic outpatient clinic to undergo hysterectomy were enrolled.

The percent change of strain and strain rate under dobutamine stress echocardiography predicts viability following myocardial infarction.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to explore the accuracy of the dobutamine-induced percent change of myocardial deformation indices to detect viability following myocardial infarction.

Methods: We enrolled 60 consecutive patients presenting for myocardial viability assessment at least 4 weeks following ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction. Strain (S) and strain rate (SR) were individually measured for all myocardial segments, both at rest and during low-dose dobutamine stress echocardiography.

Cardioprotective effects of intracoronary adenosine in diabetic patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention.

Aim: Myocardial injury commonly occurs during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Several agents that mimic ischemic preconditioning could help minimize this phenomenon. This study evaluated the cardio-protective role of intracoronary Adenosine in elective PCI.

Histological patterns of idiopathic steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome in Egyptian children: A single centre study.

Background: Idiopathic steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome (ISRNS) represents about 10-20% of children with nephrotic syndrome with variable outcome.

Objectives: To determine the histological patterns of ISRNS in Egyptian children and the histological details of the commonest types which might be the reason for the steroid resistance.

Patients And Methods: The study included 53 cases with ISRNS.

Awareness of breast cancer among female students at Ain Shams University, Egypt.

The present study aimed to determine knowledge of breast cancer risk factors, symptoms and early detection methods and to identify knowledge and practice of breast self-examination among Ain Shams University female students. This is a descriptive cross sectional study.Most study participants had low level of knowledge of breast cancer risk factors.

Serum procalcitonin in Egyptian patients with acute meningitis and a negative direct cerebrospinal fluid examination.

Background: To reduce the morbidity and mortality related to bacterial meningitis, it is important to discriminate bacterial meningitis from aseptic meningitis during the acute phase of the disease, when the clinical symptoms are often similar.

Objectives: To test the reliability of serum procalcitonin (PCT) to discriminate bacterial meningitis from aseptic meningitis in patients who have a negative direct cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination, and to evaluate the role of serum PCT to assess treatment efficacy compared with the total leukocyte count (TLC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP).

Materials And Methods: Forty patients with suspected acute meningitis and negative gram stains were included, and ten healthy persons were included as controls.

Evaluation of rezasurin microtiter assay and high resolution melting curve analysis for detection of rifampicin and isoniazid resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates.

Background: Several methods have been proposed for rapid detection of drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis). High resolution melting (HRM) curve analysis has been developed for accurate and simultaneous detection of resistance of M.

Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a marker of acute kidney injury in asphyxiated neonates.

Objective: To determine the clinical utility of serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as an early marker of acute kidney injury in asphyxiated neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).

Design: Cohort study.

Settings: National Intensive Care Unit of Maternity Hospital, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

Amylin level and gastric emptying in obese children: before and after weight loss.

Amylin is a neuroendocrine hormone that inhibits food intake and gastric emptying in animal studies. Its role in obese human beings is still controversial. We aimed to estimate the fasting and postprandial amylin levels in obese children before and after weight loss [through weight loss intervention program (WLIP)] and to relate these levels to the lipid profile, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and ultrasonography gastric half emptying time (t1/2).

Significance of Bcl-2 and Bcl-6 immunostaining in B-Non Hodgkin's lymphoma.

The determination of prognosis for B-Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is known to be related to the multiple differences in tumor cell biology. Bcl-2 and Bcl-6 are two markers linked to germinal center B cells. Both markers are thought to have an effect on prognosis of mature B-cell neoplasms.