Effect of -induced gastric cancer on gastrointestinal microbiota: a narrative review.

() infection is a typical microbial agent that interferes with the complex mechanisms of gastric homeostasis by disrupting the balance between the host gastric microbiota and mucosa-related factors, ultimately leading to inflammatory changes, dysbiosis, and gastric cancer (GC). We searched this field on the basis of PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. Most studies show that inhibits the colonization of other bacteria, resulting in a less variety of bacteria in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.

Unusual cholesterol crystal formation in a rare clinical case report of splenic echinococcal cyst in a patient from Sardinia, Italy.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic disease caused by sensu lato, the metacestode of a tapeworm parasite of high medical importance. Infection of the parasite leads to the development of echinococcal cysts, and the spleen is a rarely infected organ. A 46-year-old woman who was born and who resides in Sardinia, Italy, was referred to the Echinococcosis outpatient clinic at the University Hospital of Sassari (Sardinia, Italy) for a pain in the left flank.

Bidirectional effects of neutrophils on biofilms .

Background: is a commensal bacterium and an early biofilm coloniser found in the human oral cavity. One of the biofilm matrix constituents is bacterial extracellular DNA (eDNA). Neutrophils are innate immune cells that respond to biofilms, employing antimicrobial mechanisms such as neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) release.

Modifiable Risk Factors Including Self-Perceived Stress for Breast Cancer in Hong Kong: A Case-Control Study of 10 757 Subject.

Background: In Hong Kong, breast cancer is the commonest female cancer. In addition to intrinsic risk factors that cannot be modified, other factors may be potentially modifiable. The objective of this report was to determine modifiable risk factors in association with breast cancer among Chinese women in our locality.

Mechanistic insights on lycopene usage against diabetes and associated complications.

Lycopene is a tetraterpene compound belonging to carotenoids that are widely present in tomatoes and similar products. It is known as a powerful anti-oxidant and a non-provitamin A carotenoid. Lycopene has been found to effectively improve diabetes mellitus and its complications, such as cardiac complications, disorders caused by oxidative stress, and liver and neurological disorders.

Accelerated fracture healing accompanied with traumatic brain injury: A review of clinical studies, animal models and potential mechanisms.

The orthopaedic community frequently encounters polytrauma individuals with concomitant traumatic brain injury (TBI) and their fractures demonstrate accelerated fracture union, but the mechanisms remain far from clear. Animal and clinical studies demonstrate robust callus formation at the early healing process and expedited radiographical union. In humans, robust callus formation in TBI occurs independently of fracture fixation methods across multiple fracture sites.

Hand position during chest compression in infantile piglets - Do you need to encircle the chest with the 2-thumb-technique?

Background: The Pediatric Life Support Consensus on Science With Treatment Recommendations states that chest compressions (CC) be performed with the 2-thumb-encircling and if the chest can not be encircled the 2-finger-technique.

Aim: To compare the hemodynamic effects of four different compression methods during CC in a piglet model of infant asphyxia.

Methods: Nine asphyxiated infant piglets were randomized to CC with 2-thumb-encircling, 2-thumb-, 2-finger-, and one-hand-techniques for one minute at each technique.

ILCOR World Restart a Heart - Spreading global CPR awareness and empowering communities to save lives since 2018.

The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) World Restart a Heart (WRAH) Initiative is helping to save countless lives by promoting a culture of preparedness and encouraging widespread lay cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training. In total from 2018 to 2023 at least 12.6 million people were trained, and 570.

A rare case of pontine tegmental cap dysplasia.

Pontine Tegmental Cap Dysplasia (PTCD) is a rare hindbrain malformation characterized by cranial nerve dysfunction, cerebellar abnormalities, and developmental delays of varying severity. This case report presents a 12-month-old female with significant developmental delays, hypotonia, and cranial nerve abnormalities. The findings underscore the critical role of radiology and neuroimaging in diagnosing and managing PTCD.

Femoral hydatid cyst: A rare localization of bone echinococcosis: A case report.

Echinococcosis, or hydatid disease, is an endemic disease that affects many regions worldwide and remains a significant public health issue in areas with high endemicity. It is caused by an infection with the dog tapeworm *Echinococcus granulosus*, which is transmitted to humans either through direct contact with dogs or by ingesting contaminated food. This disease primarily affects internal organs, particularly the liver and lungs.

Myocarditis with neurological and dermatological involvement in idiopathic Hypereosinophilic syndrome: Case report.

Eosinophilic myocarditis (EM), irrespective of its unique etiology, is marked by varying extents of eosinophil infiltration, frequently accompanied by peripheral eosinophilia. In some instances, the etiology remains undetermined, thus classified as idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. The clinical manifestations are highly variable, ranging from mild or asymptomatic presentations to acute fulminant myocarditis or chronic restrictive cardiomyopathy.

Comparing a new visuospatial intervention administered 3 days after a trauma film to reduce the occurrence of intrusive visual memories: a single-center randomized, controlled trial in healthy participants.

Introduction: Intrusive memories occur frequently after potentially traumatic events and form a core symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) if they persist. The translational approach of visuospatial interventions tries to target those intrusive memories in order to reduce their frequency predominantly using an intervention including as one component the computer game Despite promising results, the application of has critical drawbacks, e.g.

Partner phubbing and relational aggression in romantic relationships among young adults in China: the roles of social support and gender.

Introduction: Phubbing may have significant interpersonal consequences. This study examines the association between partner phubbing and relational aggression, the mediation effect of social support, and the moderation effect of gender among young Chinese adults.

Method: A total of 772 young adults currently in a romantic relationship participated in an online survey that assessed their partner phubbing, relational aggression, and social support (i.

Prevalence and determinants of nasal carriage of penicillin non-susceptible : a cross-sectional household survey in northern Vietnam.

Background: Beta-lactams remain the first-line treatment of infections despite the increasing global prevalence of penicillin-resistant/non-susceptible strains. We conducted a cross-sectional household survey in a rural community in northern Vietnam in 2018-2019 to provide prevalence estimates of penicillin non-susceptible (PNSP) carriage and to investigate behavioural and environmental factors associated with PNSP colonization. The data presented will inform the design of a large trial of population-based interventions targeting inappropriate antibiotic use.

A qualitative study on general practitioners' perspectives on late-life depression in Singapore-part II: system- and physician-related factors.

Background: Little is known about the practices and resources employed by general practitioners (GPs) in Singapore to manage late-life depression. As the country is stepping up its efforts to promote collaborative care across community mental health and geriatric care, understanding GPs' current practices when managing late-life depression appears timely.

Methods: This qualitative descriptive study explored the perspectives on late-life depression of 28 private GPs practicing in Singapore through online semi-structured group and individual interviews.

Assessing the Clinical and Functional Status of COPD Patients Using Speech Analysis During and After Exacerbation.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects breathing, speech production, and coughing. We evaluated a machine learning analysis of speech for classifying the disease severity of COPD.

Methods: In this single centre study, non-consecutive COPD patients were prospectively recruited for comparing their speech characteristics during and after an acute COPD exacerbation.

Duplication of the common bile duct associated with dorsal pancreas agenesis: a diagnostic enigma and a major therapeutic turning point.

We present a pioneering case of a duplication of the common bile duct associated with agenesis of the dorsal pancreas in a 66-year-old man. After an episode of cholestatic jaundice, radiological investigations revealed complex vascular and biliary anomalies, redefining the therapeutic strategy. Instead of risky surgery, endoscopic biliopancreatic drainage resolved the symptoms.

Mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma of the ovary: a case study.

Mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma (MLA) is a rare and newly recognized subtype of ovarian and endometrial carcinomas, introduced in the 2020 World Health Organization Classification. This tumor likely originates from Müllerian-derived tissues and often mimics more common ovarian cancers, leading to frequent misdiagnosis. This case study details a 36-year-old woman who presented with urinary symptoms following a hysterectomy.

A union of two rare pathologies: small bowel diverticula perforation secondary to impacted gallstone ileus.

An 84-year-old lady presented with 1 day history of sudden onset generalized abdominal pain, fevers, and peritonism. Computed tomography was suggestive of a mid-small bowel perforation associated with a distal ovoid soft tissue density structure without pneumobilia. An urgent laparotomy demonstrated two areas of jejunal diverticula necrosis and perforation associated with a 3 cm luminal mass in the proximal ileum, and proximal small bowel dilatation.

Dosimetry Assessment of Potential Hazard from Visible Light, Especially Blue Light, Emitted by Screen of Devices in Daily Use.

Visible light has been considered to have minimal impact on the skin. However, the increasing use of electronic devices has led to a significant increase in exposure to visible light, especially blue light. We measured the irradiance (mW/cm) and estimated dose (J/cm) of visible light and blue light emitted from various electronic devices including smartphones, tablets and computers.

Lymphomatoid Papulosis Type E With T-Cell Receptor Gamma Positivity.

Lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) is currently categorized as a primary lymphoproliferative disorder that follows a chronic, recurrent clinical course. The diagnosis of LyP is mainly based on clinical presentation and histopathological correlation. Six subtypes of LyP have been described and recognized, each with different histological features and sometimes distinct clinical presentations.

Alcohol use and HIV suppression after completion of financial incentives for alcohol abstinence and isoniazid adherence: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: In a recent randomized trial, six months of financial incentives contingent for recent alcohol abstinence led to lower levels of hazardous drinking, while incentives for recent isoniazid (INH) ingestion had no impact on INH adherence, during TB preventive therapy among persons with HIV (PWH). Whether the short-term incentives influence long-term alcohol use and HIV viral suppression post-intervention is unknown.

Methods: We analyzed twelve-month HIV viral suppression and alcohol use in the Drinkers' Intervention to Prevent Tuberculosis study, a randomized controlled trial among PWH with latent TB and unhealthy alcohol use in south-western Uganda.

Nationwide multi-centric prospective study for the identification of biomarkers to predict the treatment responses of nivolumab through comprehensive analyses of pretreatment plasma exosome mRNAs from head and neck cancer patients (BIONEXT study).

Background: Nivolumab paved a new way in the treatment of patients with recurrent or metastatic (RM) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (RM-HNSCC). However, the limited rates of long-term survivors (< 20%) demand a robust prognostic biomarker. This nationwide multi-centric prospective study aimed to identify a plasma exosome (PEX) mRNA signature, which serves as a companion diagnostic of nivolumab and provides a biological clue to develop effective therapies for a majority of non-survivors.

Loss of increases type I interferon signalling and reduces pancreatic tumour growth by enhancing immune cell infiltration.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal forms of cancer, and despite low incidence rates, it remains the sixth leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. Immunotherapy, which aims to enhance the immune system's ability to recognize and eliminate cancer cells, has emerged as a promising approach in the battle against PDAC. PARP7, a mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase, is a negative regulator of the type I interferon (IFN-I) pathway and has been reported to reduce anti-tumour immunity.

Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals a serotype-specific immune response in Nile tilapia () infected with .

is a major causative agent of streptococcosis in Nile tilapia () and understanding its etiology is important to ensure the sustainable development of global tilapia farming. Our research group recently observed contrasting disease patterns in animals infected with two different serotypes (Ib and III). To better understand the basis for these divergent responses, we analyzed the brain transcriptome of Nile tilapia following bacterial exposure.