886,682 results match your criteria: "Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences Tel Aviv University[Affiliation]"

Systems immunology integrates the complex endotypes of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa.

Nat Commun

January 2025

National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) UMRS-976 HIPI, Paris Cité University, Saint-Louis Hospital, 75010, Paris, France.

Endotypes are characterized by the immunological, inflammatory, metabolic, and remodelling pathways that explain the mechanisms underlying the clinical presentation (phenotype) of a disease. Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is a severe blistering disease caused by COL7A1 pathogenic variants. Although underscored by animal studies, the endotypes of human RDEB are poorly understood.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Aims: To evaluate the association between transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) and outcomes in patients with significant mitral regurgitation (MR) following acute myocardial infarction (MI), focusing on the aetiology of acute post-MI MR in high-risk surgical patients.

Methods And Results: The International Registry of MitraClip in Acute Mitral Regurgitation following Acute Myocardial Infarction (IREMMI) includes 187 patients with severe MR post-MI managed with TEER. Of these, 176 were included in the analysis, 23 (13%) patients had acute papillary muscle rupture (PMR) and 153 (87%) acute secondary MR.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Physical Activity (PA) and its links to frailty, quality of life (QoL), and other comorbidities in older Ugandans living with HIV remain under-explored.

Methods: We analyzed data from three annual assessments of older people living with HIV (PLWH) and age- and sex-similar people not living with HIV (PnLWH). We fitted linear generalized estimating equations (GEE) regression models to estimate the correlates of PA, including demographics, frailty, QoL, HIV, and other comorbidities.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Investigating socioeconomic disparities in prescribing new diabetes medications in individuals with type 2 diabetes and very high cardiovascular risk in the Netherlands.

Prim Care Diabetes

January 2025

Department of Health Services Research, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands. Electronic address:

Aims: This study aims to analyze prescription patterns of new diabetes medication and assess socioeconomic disparities in their initiation among individuals with T2DM with very high cardiovascular risk.

Methods: Individuals diagnosed with T2DM and very high cardiovascular risk were identified (N = 10,768) based on general practitioner's electronic health record data. SGLT-2is and GLP-1RAs prescription patterns were examined.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A review of imaging in the diagnosis and management of complicated paediatric pneumonia.

Paediatr Respir Rev

December 2024

Faculty of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia; Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia. Electronic address:

Paediatric pneumonia and its complications present substantial health and economic challenges. While chest radiographs are commonly used as the initial imaging modality for diagnosing uncomplicated pneumonia, they are less effective for complicated cases. In response, various imaging techniques, such as lung ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and chest MRI, have been integrated into clinical practice to enhance diagnosis and guide management decisions.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

New options for young people with dyslipidemia: The future is bright!

Atherosclerosis

December 2024

Jesselson Integrated Heart Center, The Eisenberg R&D Authority, Shaare Zedek Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Health care workers (HCW) with post-COVID condition (PCC) are frequently reported to suffer from mental health impairment. Given HCW above-average risk for mental health, research is necessary and risk factors need to be assessed.

Aim: To compare mental health and health of German HCW with and without PCC and to identify associated psychological and social factors.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The trochlea for the intermediate tendon of the digastric muscle: a review.

Anat Cell Biol

January 2025

Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.

This review explores the novel perspective that the intermediate tendon of the digastric muscle may function as an anatomical trochlear pulley system within the human body, challenging the traditional understanding of trochlear systems. While widely recognized trochlear units include structures like the medial part of the humerus and the superior oblique muscle of the orbit, the review focuses on the unique anatomical arrangement of the intermediate tendon of the digastric muscle in connection with the anterior and posterior bellies of the digastric muscles. Despite current debates within the anatomical community about labeling the digastric muscles as having a trochlea, this paper delves into the scientific definition of a trochlear pulley system, presenting the intermediate tendon of the digastric muscle as a potential trochlea.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The impact of phenotypic heterogeneity on fungal pathogenicity and drug resistance.

FEMS Microbiol Rev

January 2025

Shmunis School of Biomedical and Cancer Research, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Phenotypic heterogeneity in genetically clonal populations facilitates cellular adaptation to adverse environmental conditions while enabling a return to the basal physiological state. It also plays a crucial role in pathogenicity and the acquisition of drug resistance in unicellular organisms and cancer cells, yet the exact contributing factors remain elusive. In this review, we outline the current state of understanding concerning the contribution of phenotypic heterogeneity to fungal pathogenesis and antifungal drug resistance.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: Community-engaged immersive rural experiences were limited during the COVID-19 pandemic when online learning was instigated across medical institutions globally. This study aimed to explore the impact of online learning on medical students' satisfaction levels and intentions to practice in a rural area after graduation.

Design, Setting And Participants: We conducted a natural quasi-experimental longitudinal retrospective cross-sectional study during 2011-2022 for all Australian domestic medical students who undertook a Rural and Remote Medicine (RRM) placement at the University of Queensland.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Teaching Pathological Physiology of Sepsis Using a High Fidelity Simulator.

Adv Physiol Educ

January 2025

Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Hnevotinska 3, Olomouc 775 15, Czech Republic.

A good knowledge of the theoretical foundations of medicine helps students and physicians to better recognize and treat patients with complex medical conditions, including sepsis and septic shock. The article describes the authors' experience in implementing the analysis of sepsis and septic shock using a high-fidelity simulated clinical scenario in the course of pathological physiology for preclinical medical students. The unique aspect of our approach is the integration of core physiology concepts, such as homeostasis, causality, structure-function relationships, and fundamental pathophysiology concepts (e.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Excipient lung disease (ELD) is a rare cause of pulmonary hypertension that occurs due to the intravenous injection of crushed tablets. We present the case of a healthcare professional in her late 30s who presented with a fever in the setting of a bacteraemia. During her hospital admission, she established a pattern of transient hypoxia and hypotension, with resolution without targeted management or clear cause identified.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: To evaluate the short- and long-term clinical and financial outcomes of apheresis in COVID-19 survivors after hospital discharge.

Methods: Intensive care unit-discharged patients were followed for 6 months. Vital signs, laboratory markers, quality of life, and direct medical costs were analyzed to calculate incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) and to plot cost-effectiveness planes and acceptability curves.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Trends in Opioid Prescriptions to Opioid-Naïve Patients by Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons in Massachusetts 2012-2022.

J Oral Maxillofac Surg

December 2024

Corresponding Member of the Faculty, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, and Visiting Surgeon, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA. Electronic address:

Background: Many oral and maxillofacial surgery patients are young, healthy adults who are opioid-naïve. Over-prescribing opioids increases the risk of subsequent misuse and diversion.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to measure and compare opioid prescriptions to opioid naïve and nonnaïve patients by oral and maxillofacial surgeons in Massachusetts from 2012 to 2022.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Cross-Species Characterization of Transcranial Ultrasound Propagation.

Brain Stimul

January 2025

Pazhou Lab (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510335, China; The School of Automation Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China. Electronic address:

Background: Transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) has shown promising prospects as a non-invasive neuromodulation technique for both animals and humans. However, ultrasonic propagation characteristics within the brain differ significantly from those in free space. There is currently a lack of comprehensive studies on the effects of skull thickness on focal point position, full width at half maximum (FWHM), and acoustic intensity.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The PWWP domain is a conserved motif unique to eukaryotes, playing a critical role in various cellular processes. Proteins containing the PWWP domain are typically found in chromatin, where they bind to DNA and histones in nucleosomes, facilitating chromatin-associated functions. Among these proteins, PWWP-domain containing proteins 2A and 2B (PWWP2A and PWWP2B), identified during the H2A interactome analysis, are DNA methyltransferase-related proteins, that are structurally disordered, except for their PWWP domain.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy represents a pioneering approach in the preoperative treatment of cancer, offering novel avenues for tumor reduction and improved patient outcomes by modulating the immune response. This study investigated neoadjuvant immunotherapy using intratumoral administration of mannan-BAM, Toll-like receptor ligands, and antiCD40 antibody (MBTA therapy) followed by surgery in murine models of mouse tumor tissue (MTT) pheochromocytoma, B16-F10 melanoma, and 4T1 and E0771.lmb mammary carcinomas.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Extensive research indicates a link between gut microbiota dysbiosis and psychiatric disorders. However, the causal relationships between gut microbiota and different types of psychiatric disorders, as well as whether inflammatory factors mediate these relationships, remain unclear.

Methods: We utilized summary statistics from the largest genome-wide association studies to date for gut microbiota (n = 18,340 in MiBioGen consortium), circulating inflammatory factors (n = 8293 for 41 factors and n = 14,824 for 91 factors in GWAS catalog), and six major psychiatric disorders from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC): attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD, n = 38,691), anxiety disorder (ANX, n = 2248), bipolar disorder (BIP, n = 41,917), anorexia nervosa (AN, n = 16,992), schizophrenia (SCZ, n = 36,989), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD, n = 18,381).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Notification of blood donors who test positive for transfusion-transmissible infections.

Vox Sang

January 2025

Donation and Policy Studies, Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Background And Objectives: Despite screening procedures, a few blood donors confirm positive for transfusion-transmissible infections and are deferred. Effective notification of laboratory results is essential to ensure that donors are advised of confirmed results and to seek medical care. Here we report results from post-notification interviews of Canadian Blood Services donors.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Awakening not associated with an increased rate of cortisol secretion.

Proc Biol Sci

January 2025

Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience and Endocrinology, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 3NY, UK.

Cortisol is released upon activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, varies across the day, possesses an underlying diurnal rhythm and is responsive to stressors. The endogenous circadian peak of cortisol occurs in the morning, and increases in cortisol observed post-awakening have been named the cortisol awakening response (CAR) based on the belief that the act of waking up stimulates cortisol secretion. However, objective evidence that awakening induces cortisol secretion is limited.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Exercise type and settings, quality of life, and mental health in coronary artery disease: a network meta-analysis.

Eur Heart J

January 2025

Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar, S/N 18071, Granada, Spain.

Background And Aims: Individuals with coronary artery disease have poorer mental health, health-related quality of life (HR-QoL), and cognition compared with (age-matched) controls. Exercise training may attenuate these effects. The aim is to systematically review and meta-analyse the effects of different exercise types and settings on brain structure/function, cognition, HR-QoL, mental health (e.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF