Teaching Pathological Physiology of Sepsis Using a High Fidelity Simulator.

A good knowledge of the theoretical foundations of medicine helps students and physicians to better recognize and treat patients with complex medical conditions, including sepsis and septic shock. The article describes the authors' experience in implementing the analysis of sepsis and septic shock using a high-fidelity simulated clinical scenario in the course of pathological physiology for preclinical medical students. The unique aspect of our approach is the integration of core physiology concepts, such as homeostasis, causality, structure-function relationships, and fundamental pathophysiology concepts (e.

Excipient lung disease with transient severe pulmonary hypertension in a healthcare professional injecting crushed oxycodone tablets.

Excipient lung disease (ELD) is a rare cause of pulmonary hypertension that occurs due to the intravenous injection of crushed tablets. We present the case of a healthcare professional in her late 30s who presented with a fever in the setting of a bacteraemia. During her hospital admission, she established a pattern of transient hypoxia and hypotension, with resolution without targeted management or clear cause identified.

Cost-effectiveness of plasmapheresis and hemoperfusion in COVID-19 survivors: A six-month follow-up analysis after hospital discharge.

Introduction: To evaluate the short- and long-term clinical and financial outcomes of apheresis in COVID-19 survivors after hospital discharge.

Methods: Intensive care unit-discharged patients were followed for 6 months. Vital signs, laboratory markers, quality of life, and direct medical costs were analyzed to calculate incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) and to plot cost-effectiveness planes and acceptability curves.

Trends in Opioid Prescriptions to Opioid-Naïve Patients by Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons in Massachusetts 2012-2022.

Background: Many oral and maxillofacial surgery patients are young, healthy adults who are opioid-naïve. Over-prescribing opioids increases the risk of subsequent misuse and diversion.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to measure and compare opioid prescriptions to opioid naïve and nonnaïve patients by oral and maxillofacial surgeons in Massachusetts from 2012 to 2022.

Neoadjuvant Intratumoral MBT(A) Immunotherapy Prevents Distant Metastases and Recurrence in Murine Models.

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy represents a pioneering approach in the preoperative treatment of cancer, offering novel avenues for tumor reduction and improved patient outcomes by modulating the immune response. This study investigated neoadjuvant immunotherapy using intratumoral administration of mannan-BAM, Toll-like receptor ligands, and antiCD40 antibody (MBTA therapy) followed by surgery in murine models of mouse tumor tissue (MTT) pheochromocytoma, B16-F10 melanoma, and 4T1 and E0771.lmb mammary carcinomas.

Exercise type and settings, quality of life, and mental health in coronary artery disease: a network meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Individuals with coronary artery disease have poorer mental health, health-related quality of life (HR-QoL), and cognition compared with (age-matched) controls. Exercise training may attenuate these effects. The aim is to systematically review and meta-analyse the effects of different exercise types and settings on brain structure/function, cognition, HR-QoL, mental health (e.

The effect of a brief intervention video on gambling advertising resistance: Results of a randomized, on-line experimental study.

Background And Aims: Gambling advertising is nowadays prevalent in multiple jurisdictions and can take multiple forms, such as TV adverts and social media promotions. However, few independently designed interventions for gambling advertising have been empirically tested. We aimed to measure the effectiveness of an inoculative intervention video for gambling advertising, which was developed based on previous interventions for alcohol and tobacco, and which used input from academics and experts by experience.

Genomic and phenotypic correlates of mosaic loss of chromosome Y in blood.

Mosaic loss of Y (mLOY) is the most common somatic chromosomal alteration detected in human blood. The presence of mLOY is associated with altered blood cell counts and increased risk of Alzheimer disease, solid tumors, and other age-related diseases. We sought to gain a better understanding of genetic drivers and associated phenotypes of mLOY through analyses of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of a large set of genetically diverse males from the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) program.

Gut microbial GABA imbalance emerges as a metabolic signature in mild autism spectrum disorder linked to overrepresented Escherichia.

Gut microbiota (GM) alterations have been implicated in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), yet the specific functional architecture remains elusive. Here, employing multi-omics approaches, we investigate stool samples from two distinct cohorts comprising 203 children with mild ASD or typical development. In our screening cohort, regression-based analysis for metabolomic profiling identifies an elevated γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) to glutamate (Glu) ratio as a metabolic signature of ASD, independent of age and gender.

Single-molecule systems for the detection and monitoring of plasma-circulating nucleosomes and oncoproteins in diffuse midline glioma.

The analysis of cell-free tumor DNA (ctDNA) and proteins in the blood of patients with cancer potentiates a new generation of non-invasive diagnostic approaches. However, confident detection of tumor-originating markers is challenging, especially in the context of brain tumors, where these analytes in plasma are extremely scarce. Here, we apply a sensitive single-molecule technology to profile multiple histone modifications on individual nucleosomes from the plasma of patients with diffuse midline glioma (DMG).

When Leaders Don't Walk the Walk: A National Survey of Academic Nurse Leader Perceptions of Staff Burnout.

Aim: This survey explored nurse leaders' impressions of burnout on college/school of nursing (CON/SON) administrative staff and leadership-facilitated strategies used to promote resilience building/mitigate burnout.

Background: Administrative staff are foundational to the success of a university's CON/SON, yet few studies have explored the impact of burnout in this group.

Method: Cross-sectional survey distributed to associate dean and business officer attendees of the 2022 American Association of Colleges of Nursing, Business Officers of Nursing Schools meeting (summer 2022) (n = 64).

Assessment of Osteoprotegerin and Receptor Activator of Nf-Κb Ligand in Malaysian Male Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Limited information exists regarding the pathophysiological interactions between osteoporosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Objective: To study the association of Osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) in male COPD patients. Methods: An observational clinical study was conducted at Penang General Hospital in Malaysia.

Urinary calculi successfully expelled in a patient through traditional Chinese exercise: A case report.

Rationale: Urinary calculi are hard mineral deposits that typically require medication or surgery, such as lithotripsy. This case report presents traditional Chinese exercises (TCEs) as a potential alternative for stone expulsion.

Patient Concerns: A 41-year-old male with no history of urinary tract stones, experienced sudden severe lower back and abdominal pain accompanied by nausea and vomiting.

Humoral and cellular immune responses after 6 months of a heterologous SARS-CoV-2 booster with the protein-based PHH-1V vaccine in a phase IIb trial.

The HIPRA-HH-2 was a multicentre, randomized, active-controlled, double-blind, non-inferiority phase IIb clinical trial comparing the immunogenicity and safety of the PHH-1V adjuvanted recombinant vaccine as a heterologous booster against homologous booster with BNT162b2. Interim results demonstrated strong humoral and cellular immune response against the SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan-Hu-1 strain and the Beta, Delta, and Omicron BA.1 variants up to day 98 post-dosing.

Weakly-supervised thyroid ultrasound segmentation: Leveraging multi-scale consistency, contextual features, and bounding box supervision for accurate target delineation.

Weakly-supervised learning (WSL) methods have gained significant attention in medical image segmentation, but they often face challenges in accurately delineating boundaries due to overfitting to weak annotations such as bounding boxes. This issue is particularly pronounced in thyroid ultrasound images, where low contrast and noisy backgrounds hinder precise segmentation. In this paper, we propose a novel weakly-supervised segmentation framework that addresses these challenges.

High quantum yield copper nanoclusters integrated with nitrogen-doped carbon dots for off-on ratiometric fluorescence sensing of S and Zn.

Pursuing nanomaterials with high fluorescence quantum yields is of great significance in the fields of bioimaging, medical diagnosis, and food safety monitoring. This work reports on orange-emitting aggregation-induced emission (AIE) copper nanoclusters (Cu NCs) integrated with blue-emitting nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs), which enables highly sensitive detection of S and Zn ions through an off-on ratiometric fluorescence method. The highly emissive Cu NCs was doped by Ce with a high quantum yield of 51.

Extensive elastofibroma dorsi with scapulo-thoracic involvement in a male laborer: A case report.

Introduction And Importance: Elastofibroma dorsi is a rare benign soft tissue lesion primarily located in the subscapular region. This distinctive lesion, with its unique radiological and histological features, poses diagnostic challenges due to its subtle presentation and overlap with other conditions.

Case Presentation: A 48-year-old man, manual laborer with an unremarkable medical history presented with a progressively enlarging mass below the right scapula over two years.

Integrative phenotypic and genomic analysis of extended-spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase genes in Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonaceae strains isolated from animals in a Spanish Veterinary Teaching Hospital.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health threat, exacerbated by globalization which facilitates the spread of resistant bacteria. Addressing this issue requires a One Health perspective, involving humans, animals, and the environment. This study aims to compare the phenotypic resistance profiles of 69 clinical bacterial isolates (Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonaceae) from a Veterinary Teaching Hospital in Spain with their genotypic resistance profiles based on the presence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBLs), AmpC and carbapenemases -enconding genes.

Estimating the ovarian cancer CA-125 preclinical detectable phase, in-vivo tumour doubling time, and window for detection in early stage: an exploratory analysis of UKCTOCS.

Background: The ovarian cancer (OC) preclinical detectable phase (PCDP), defined as the interval during which cancer is detectable prior to clinical diagnosis, remains poorly characterised. We report exploratory analyses from the United Kingdom Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening (UKCTOCS).

Methods: In UKCTOCS between Apr-2001 and Sep-2005, 101,314 postmenopausal women were randomised to no screening (NS) and 50,625 to annual multimodal screening (MMS) (until Dec-2011) using serum CA-125 interpreted by the Risk of Ovarian Cancer Algorithm (ROCA).

Immigration of medical personnel from Ukraine to Poland - Context, regulations, and trends.

Background: The migration of healthcare professionals is common phenomenon and shows upwards trends. Poland, which used to be a source country with marginal immigration, has in the past few years received more immigrants due to the simplified access to the labour market for professionals from outside the European Union. We aimed to analyse the immigration of healthcare workforce to Poland with an emphasis on legislative changes regarding the right to practice of medical personnel from outside the EU (mainly from Ukraine).

Presence of the Anopheles culicifacies complex species A in southeast Iran.

Background: The Anopheles culicifacies complex is one of the most important malaria vectors in Southeast Asia and Southeastern Iran. Although the sibling species within this complex are morphologically indistinguishable, they differ significantly in their disease transmission potential, blood-feeding behaviour, and other biological traits. Cytogenetic and chromosomal studies have identified five sibling species within this complex: A, B, C, D, and E.

The relationship between malocclusion and speech patterns: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: Dental occlusion and the alignment of the dentition play crucial roles in producing speech sounds. The Arabic language is specifically complex, with many varieties and geographically dependent dialects. This study investigated the relationship between malocclusion and speech abnormalities in the form of misarticulations of Arabic sounds.

Deep-Learning-based Automated Identification of Ventriculoperitoneal-Shunt Valve Models from Skull X-rays.

Introduction: Ventriculoperitoneal shunts (VPS) are an essential part of the treatment of hydrocephalus, with numerous valve models available with different ways of indicating pressure levels. The model types often need to be identified on X‑rays to assess pressure levels using a matching template. Artificial intelligence (AI), in particular deep learning, is ideally suited to automate repetitive tasks such as identifying different VPS valve models.

Comparative efficacy of plant derived extracts with the insecticide mospilan on two whitefly species Bemisia tabaci biotype B and Trialeurodes ricini.

The insecticidal, synergistic, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory effects of plant n-hexane extracts (HEs) were evaluated. The HEs from thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) leaves, garlic (Allium sativum L.