Polycystic ovary syndrome: early diagnosis and intervention are necessary for fertility preservation in young women with endometrial cancer under 35 years of age.

Aim: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a significant risk factor for premenopausal endometrial cancer (EC) and/or atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH). The aim was to elucidate the clinical background and detailed menstrual history of EC and/or AEH in young women with PCOS.

Methods: From January 2001 to December 2013, women under 35 years of age who had been diagnosed with EC and/or AEH and who had been treated at Kumamoto University Hospital, Japan, were recruited.

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis can cause periaortitis and pericarditis.

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is characterized by necrotizing granulomatous inflammation usually involving the upper and lower respiratory tracts and necrotizing vasculitis predominantly affecting small-sized vessels. Although categorized as a small vessel vasculitis, GPA can cause periaortitis and pericarditis. Physicians should recognize all categories of vasculitis can affect any size arteries.

Involvement of advanced glycation end-products in 'hyperglycemic memory'.

The series of reports by the DCCT Skin Collagen Ancillary Study Group are very interesting and informative. The hypothesis from these reports clearly indicates that AGEs are a strong candidate for the mechanism of the 'hyperglycemic memory.'

A case of gradually manifesting McCune-Albright syndrome with a 10-year follow-up.

McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) is characterized by fibrous dysplasia (FD) of bone, café-au-lait skin pigmentation, and precocious puberty. Here we report a case of a 12-year-old girl with MAS presenting sexual precocity as initial signs, followed by FD of bone with her growth. She was referred to our hospital because of breast budding and abnormal genital bleeding at the age of 2.

Paclitaxel and carboplatin in patients with completely or optimally resected carcinosarcoma of the uterus: a phase II trial by the Japanese Uterine Sarcoma Group and the Tohoku Gynecologic Cancer Unit.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of paclitaxel and carboplatin in patients with completely or optimally resected uterine carcinosarcoma.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a single-arm multicenter prospective phase II trial at 20 Japanese medical facilities. Eligible patients had histologically confirmed uterine carcinosarcoma without prior chemotherapy or radiotherapy.

Comparison of the efficacy of sitagliptin and glimepiride dose-up in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes poorly controlled by sitagliptin and glimepiride in combination.

Aims/introduction: The goal of the study was to examine the effects of sitagliptin dose-up or glimepiride dose-up in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes who were controlled inadequately by sitagliptin and glimepiride in combination.

Materials And Methods: A multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label study was carried out in 50 patients with type 2 diabetes treated with sitagliptin and low-dose glimepiride. The patients were randomly assigned to receive the addition of 50 mg/day sitagliptin or 0.

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in stroke patients: a prospective multicenter study in Japan.

Aims: The fact that Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) increases the risk of atherosclerosis has been epidemiologically studied and proven; however, a prospective study on the prevalence of MetS in stroke patients has never been conducted because of the difficulty in diagnosis under critical illness in the acute phase. Therefore, we conducted a prospective multicenter study to investigate the prevalence of MetS in stroke patients with modified diagnostic criteria for MetS.

Methods: Stroke patients admitted in the seven participating Emergency and Critical Care Centers within the two years from April 2007 were registered in this study as a prospective multicenter study.

Heterotopic triplet pregnancy: report of a patient with remnant tubal ectopic and intrauterine twin pregnancy after frozen-thawed embryo transfer.

A case of heterotopic triplet pregnancy after frozen-thawed embryo transfer is presented. The patient conceived after transfer of three frozen-thawed embryos at a fertility clinic where she had previously undergone laparoscopic left salpingectomy due to pyosalpinx. Approximately 4 weeks after the embryo transfer, she presented with a complaint of abnormal genital bleeding and was diagnosed by ultrasound as having a dichorionic twin pregnancy.