Dose of Cardiac Rehabilitation to Reduce Mortality and Morbidity: A Population-Based Study.

Background There is wide variability in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) dose (ie, number of sessions) delivered, and no evidence-based recommendations regarding what dose to prescribe. We aimed to test what CR dose impacts major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Methods and Results This is an historical cohort study of all patients who had coronary artery disease and who initiated supervised CR between 2002 and 2012 from a single major CR center.

Using a think-aloud methodology to understand online physical activity information search experiences and preferences of parents of children and youth with disabilities.

Background: The Internet is a preferred source of physical activity (PA) information. However, limited research exists regarding the experiences of parents of children and youth with disabilities (CYWD) in searching for PA programme information online. This research examined the experiences and preferences of parents of CYWD in searching for PA programme information online.

Experiences, mental well-being and community-based care needs of fathers of late preterm infants: A mixed-methods pilot study.

Aims: We explore fathers' experience of caring for a late preterm infant including their stressors, needs and corresponding interventions proffered by public health nurses.

Design: Pilot mixed-methods exploratory sequential design.

Methods: We collected (a) qualitative data from semi-structured interviews (5) and (b) quantitative data (31) about fathers' levels of stress (Parenting Stress Index), anxiety (Speilberger State-Trait Anxiety) and depression (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale) at 6-8 weeks after birth of their infant.

Improving social accountability processes in the health sector in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review.

Background: Social accountability is a participatory process in which citizens are engaged to hold politicians, policy makers and public officials accountable for the services that they provide. In the Fifteenth Ordinary Session of the Assembly of the African Union, African leaders recognized the need for strong, decentralized health programs with linkages to civil society and private sector entities, full community participation in program design and implementation, and adaptive approaches to local political, socio-cultural and administrative environments. Despite the increasing use of social accountability, there is limited evidence on how it has been used in the health sector.

Decreased transcriptional corepressor p107 is associated with exercise-induced mitochondrial biogenesis in human skeletal muscle.

Increased mitochondrial content is a hallmark of exercise-induced skeletal muscle remodeling. For this process, considerable evidence underscores the involvement of transcriptional coactivators in mediating mitochondrial biogenesis. However, our knowledge regarding the role of transcriptional corepressors is lacking.

Moral judgment in episodic amnesia.

To investigate the role of episodic thought about the past and future in moral judgment, we administered a well-established moral judgment battery to individuals with hippocampal damage and deficits in episodic thought (insert Greene et al. 2001). Healthy controls select deontological answers in high-conflict moral scenarios more frequently when they vividly imagine themselves in the scenarios than when they imagine scenarios abstractly, at some personal remove.

Overweight and abdominal obesity as determinants of undiagnosed diabetes and pre-diabetes in Bangladesh.

Background: Type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes are an increasing pandemic globally and often remain undiagnosed long after onset in low-income settings. The objective of this study is to assess the determinants and prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes and pre-diabetes among adults in Bangladesh.

Methods: In an exploratory study, we performed oral glucose tolerance test on 1243 adults ≥20 years of age from urban Mirpur, Dhaka (n = 518) and rural Matlab, Chandpur (n = 725) who had never been diagnosed with diabetes or pre-diabetes.

The endocrine response and substrate utilization during exercise in children and adolescents.

Adolescence is a time of rapid growth caused by significant changes in hormone levels. For many, it is also a time of increased physical activity and sport that places a large demand on energy reserves. Exercise is known to cause perturbations in endocrine and metabolic systems in children and adolescents, yet careful characterization of these responses is only now being conducted.