Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter Inhibitors and Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background Sodium-glucose co-transporter (SGLT) inhibitors reduce cardiovascular outcomes including mortality in several populations; however, their effect on atrial fibrillation/flutter (AF) remains unclear. Our objective was to determine whether SGLT inhibitors reduce AF and whether a history of AF modifies the effect of SGLT inhibitors on the composite of heart failure hospitalization or cardiovascular death. Methods and Results We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL to March 2021.

Successful implantation of a left ventricular lead in an anomalous coronary sinus.

We describe the case of a 56-year-old man who was referred for CRT implantation and found to have anomalous CS. Catheterization of the CS initially failed due to this anomaly. However, a single large posterior-lateral branch with diminutive CS in the atrioventricular groove allowed for successful implantation of the LV lead.

The revised Approved Instructional Resources score: An improved quality evaluation tool for online educational resources.

Background: Free Open-Access Medical education (FOAM) use among residents continues to rise. However, it often lacks quality assurance processes and residents receive little guidance on quality assessment. The Academic Life in Emergency Medicine Approved Instructional Resources tool (AAT) was created for FOAM appraisal by and for expert educators and has demonstrated validity in this context.

Website usability analysis of United States emergency medicine residencies.

Objectives: The Council of Residency Directors (CORD) in Emergency Medicine (EM) has recommended that all residency programs should conduct virtual interviews for the 2020 to 2021 application cycle due to the COVID-19 pandemic. While factors such as geographical region, city, program size, or hospital affiliation are not modifiable, EM residencies can bridge the information gap created by a lack of face-to-face interaction by representing themselves digitally. Measuring usability provides an objective method for EM residencies to improve their Web presence and effectively represent themselves to applicants.

Feeling the flow with a serious game workshop: GridlockED as Medical Education 2 study (GAME2 study).

Objective: GridlockED gameplay workshops were delivered in Canada. This project investigated workshop attendees' experiences, seeking to identify learning points to inform improvement of the workshop.

Methods: GridlockED sessions were held through 2018 and 2019.

Workplace-based Assessment Data in Emergency Medicine: A Scoping Review of the Literature.

Objective: In the era of competency-based medical education (CBME), the collection of more and more trainee data is being mandated by accrediting bodies such as the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education and the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada. However, few efforts have been made to synthesize the literature around the current issues surrounding workplace-based assessment (WBA) data. This scoping review seeks to synthesize the landscape of literature on the topic of data collection and utilization for trainees' WBAs in emergency medicine (EM).

Reliability of patient-reported outcome measures: Hemorrhage, anticoagulant, antiplatelet medication use.

Background: Most antithrombotic medication users are older adults. Patient-reported outcome measures are commonly used in clinical research on antithrombotic medication, such as the diagnosis of intracranial hemorrhage.

Objectives: To determine the reliability of patient-reported intracranial hemorrhage, anticoagulant and platelet aggregation inhibitor use in the older adult population.

Faculty-lead Opinions on Workplace-based Methods for Graduated Managerial Teaching (FLOW MGMT): A National Cross-sectional Survey of Canadian Emergency Medicine Lead Educators.

Objectives: Patient volumes are increasing in emergency departments (ED), causing issues with long wait times and overcrowding. One strategy to cope with this phenomenon is to focus on improving patient flow through the ED. Building on earlier work that identified how staff physicians manage flow and what techniques they employ to teach managerial skills to residents, we aimed to determine when it was most appropriate to implement these teaching strategies in a resident's training.

Converting to Connect: A Rapid RE-AIM Evaluation of the Digital Conversion of a Clerkship Curriculum in the Age of COVID-19.

Background: With the advent of the 2019 coronavirus pandemic, a decision was made to remove medical students from clinical rotations for their own safety. This forced students on a core emergency medicine (EM) rotation at McMaster University to immediately cease all in-person activities. An urgent need for a virtual curriculum emerged.

Identification of Preschool Children with Mental Health Problems in Primary Care: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: Primary care practitioners determine access to care for many preschool children with mental health (MH) problems. This study examined rates of mental health (MH) problem identification in preschoolers within primary healthcare settings, related service use, and MH status at follow-up. The findings may inform evidence-based policy and practice development for preschool MH.

Important Food Sources of Fructose-Containing Sugars and Incident Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.

Background Sugar-sweetened beverages are associated with hypertension. We assessed the relation of important food sources of fructose-containing sugars with incident hypertension using a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Methods and Results We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane (through December week 2, 2018) for eligible studies.

Opening the black box of ethics policy work: evaluating a covert practice.

Hospital ethics committees (HECs) and ethicists generally describe themselves as engaged in four domains of practice: case consultation, research, education, and policy work. Despite the increasing attention to quality indicators, practice standards, and evaluation methods for the other domains, comparatively little is known or published about the policy work of HECs or ethicists. This article attempts to open the "black box" of this health care ethics practice by providing two detailed case examples of ethics policy reviews.

Self-assessment or self deception? A lack of association between nursing students' self-assessment and performance.

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine senior year nursing students' ability to self-assess their performance when responding to simulated emergency situations.

Background: Self-assessment is viewed as a critical skill in nursing and other health professional programmes. However, while students may spend considerable time completing self-assessments, there is little evidence that they actually acquire the skills to do so effectively.

A complementary alternative medicine questionnaire for young adults.

Limited information exists on how adolescents decide to use complementary/alternative medicine (CAM). There are also no instruments specific to CAM, for the young adult population, which makes it difficult to explore knowledge in this area. The purpose of this study was to develop and examine the psychometric properties of the CAM Questionnaire for Young Adults which measures young adults' attitudes about CAM.

Effectiveness of clinician-selected electronic information resources for answering primary care physicians' information needs.

Objective: To determine if clinician-selected electronic information resources improve primary care physicians' abilities to answer simulated clinical questions.

Design: Observational study using hour-long interviews in physician offices and think-aloud protocols.

Participants: answered 23 multiple-choice questions and chose 2 to obtain further information using their own information resources.

Treatment of post-blepharoplasty lower lid retraction by free tarsoconjunctival grafting.

Background: Blepharoplasty is probably the most commonly performed facial cosmetic procedure. Despite attempts to prevent its occurrence, post-blepharoplasty lower eyelid malposition with inferior scleral show and corneal exposure can occur, particularly with non-ophthalmologist surgeons. Since a repair must oppose the force of gravity and recurrent scarring, it is often difficult to achieve functional and esthetically pleasing surgical correction.

Endothelium-independent vasorelaxation by leonurine, a plant alkaloid purified from Chinese motherwort.

Leonurine, a plant alkaloid present in Chinese motherwort, induced concentration- dependent and endothelium-independent relaxation of phenylephrine (PE)- pretreated rat aortic arterial rings. The IC50 values for leonurine were 86.4+/-10.