Guidelines International Network: Principles for Use of Artificial Intelligence in the Health Guideline Enterprise.

Description: Artificial intelligence (AI) has been defined by the High-Level Expert Group on AI of the European Commission as "systems that display intelligent behaviour by analysing their environment and taking actions-with some degree of autonomy-to achieve specific goals." Artificial intelligence has the potential to support guideline planning, development and adaptation, reporting, implementation, impact evaluation, certification, and appraisal of recommendations, which we will refer to as "guideline enterprise." Considering this potential, as well as the lack of guidance for the use of AI in guidelines, the Guidelines International Network (GIN) proposes a set of principles for the development and use of AI tools or processes to support the health guideline enterprise.

Clinical Activity of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Inhibitors in Patients With MAP2K1 (MEK1)-Mutated Metastatic Cancers.

Purpose: MAP2K1/MEK1 mutations are potentially actionable drivers in cancer. MAP2K1 mutations have been functionally classified into three groups according to their dependency on upstream RAS/RAF signaling. However, the clinical efficacy of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway inhibitors (MAPKi) for MAP2K1-mutant tumors is not well defined.

How can we make sound replication decisions?

Replication and the reported crises impacting many fields of research have become a focal point for the sciences. This has led to reforms in publishing, methodological design and reporting, and increased numbers of experimental replications coordinated across many laboratories. While replication is rightly considered an indispensable tool of science, financial resources and researchers' time are quite limited.

Metabolomic and proteomic changes in leaves of rubber seedlings infected by Phytophthora palmivora.

Phytophthora palmivora, an oomycete pathogen, induces leaf fall disease in rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis), causing significant economic losses. Effective disease management requires an understanding metabolic dynamics during infection. This study employed untargeted metabolomic and proteomic analyses to investigate the response of rubber seedling leaves to P.

Power assist add-ons for adult manual wheelchair users: A scoping review.

Manual wheelchairs can promote independence among users. However, the user's level of disability, strength, stamina, and the environmental conditions within which the wheelchair is used may limit manual wheelchair functionality. The use of power assist add-ons may mitigate these limitations and help individuals to age in place.

Hierarchical Porous Aggregate-Enabled Chromatography-Inspired Single-Sensor E-Nose for Volatile Monitoring.

Monitoring volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is crucial for ensuring safety and health. In this study, we introduce a strategy to engineer a chromatography-inspired single-sensor (CISS) e-nose tailored for VOC monitoring. This approach overcomes the limitations of traditional methodologies and conventional e-noses.

Estimation of stationary and non-stationary moving average processes in the correlation domain.

This paper introduces a novel approach for the offline estimation of stationary moving average processes, further extending it to efficient online estimation of non-stationary processes. The novelty lies in a unique technique to solve the autocorrelation function matching problem leveraging that the autocorrelation function of a colored noise is equal to the autocorrelation function of the coefficients of the moving average process. This enables the derivation of a system of nonlinear equations to be solved for estimating the model parameters.

Site-selective photo-crosslinking for the characterisation of transient ubiquitin-like protein-protein interactions.

Non-covalent protein-protein interactions are one of the most fundamental building blocks in cellular signalling pathways. Despite this, they have been historically hard to identify using conventional methods due to their often weak and transient nature. Using genetic code expansion and incorporation of commercially available unnatural amino acids, we have developed a highly accessible method whereby interactions between biotinylated ubiquitin-like protein (UBL) probes and their binding partners can be stabilised using ultraviolet (UV) light-induced crosslinks.

A comprehensive review of biological and genetic control approaches for leishmaniasis vector sand flies; emphasis towards promoting tools for integrated vector management.

Background: Leishmaniasis is a health problem in many regions with poor health and poor life resources. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), an estimated 700,000-1 million new cases arise annually. Effective control of sand fly vector populations is crucial for reducing the transmission of this disease.

Dual-hybrid intrusion detection system to detect False Data Injection in smart grids.

Modernizing power systems into smart grids has introduced numerous benefits, including enhanced efficiency, reliability, and integration of renewable energy sources. However, this advancement has also increased vulnerability to cyber threats, particularly False Data Injection Attacks (FDIAs). Traditional Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) often fall short in identifying sophisticated FDIAs due to their reliance on predefined rules and signatures.

Distributed Denial of Services (DDoS) attack detection in SDN using Optimizer-equipped CNN-MLP.

Software-Defined Networks (SDN) provides more control and network operation over a network infrastructure as an emerging and revolutionary paradigm in networking. Operating the many network applications and preserving the network services and functions, the SDN controller is regarded as the operating system of the SDN-based network architecture. The SDN has several security problems because of its intricate design, even with all its amazing features.

Enhanced ResNet-50 for garbage classification: Feature fusion and depth-separable convolutions.

As people's material living standards continue to improve, the types and quantities of household garbage they generate rapidly increase. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a reasonable and effective method for garbage classification. This is important for resource recycling and environmental improvement and contributes to the sustainable development of production and the economy.

A safe-enhanced fully closed-loop artificial pancreas controller based on deep reinforcement learning.

Patients with type 1 diabetes and their physicians have long desired a fully closed-loop artificial pancreas (AP) system that can alleviate the burden of blood glucose regulation. Although deep reinforcement learning (DRL) methods theoretically enable adaptive insulin dosing control, they face numerous challenges, including safety and training efficiency, which have hindered their clinical application. This paper proposes a safe and efficient adaptive insulin delivery controller based on DRL.

sp. nov., isolated from tree bark ( Chev.) and its antioxidant activity.

A Gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped strain, designated SPB1-3, was isolated from tree bark. This strain exhibited heterofermentative production of dl-lactic acid from glucose. Optimal growth was observed at 25-40 °C, pH 4.

Influence of sterilization and exposure to the Ringer's solution on physicochemical properties of nitrocarburized 316 LVM steel.

The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of the nitrocarburizing process carried out in low temperature plasma using the active screen at 440 °C on the structure and physicochemical properties of the 316LVM steel. In the paper, results of micro-structure and phase composition of the layers, roughness, and surface wettability, potentiodynamic pitting corrosion resistance, penetration of ions into the solution as well as biological tests were present. The studies were conducted for the samples of both mechanically polished and nitrocarburized surfaces, after sterilization, and exposure to the Ringer's solution.

Comparison of stop-jump muscle synergies in amateur basketball players with and without asymptomatic patellar tendon abnormalities during simulated games.

: Asymptomatic patellar tendon abnormality (APTA) is considered a precursor to patellar tendinopathy (PT), but its pathogenesis remains unclear, especially regarding changes in muscle coordination. Therefore, it is essential to explore the muscle synergy patterns in individuals with APTA. This study recorded sEMG data during stop-jump tasks in 8 APTA and 8 healthy amateur male basketball players in a simulated basketball game.

Morphometric assessment of mandibles with complications resulting from temporomandibular joint ankylosis in children from 4 months to 3 years of age.

: The main aim of this paper was to perform the morphological assessment of children's mandibles of different etiology of dys-functions within the temporomandibular joint, from isolated idiopathic ankylosis to craniofacial malformations co-existing with genetic disorders. : The investigations encompassed seven patients at the age of 0-3. Measurements were conducted on the basis of data obtained from computed tomography.

Influence of heat treatment method on selected physicochemical and biological properties of fluoride-substituted calcium apatite.

: The synthesis of fluoridated apatite consists of several stages, among which the heat treatment has a significant impact on the physical and chemical properties. The present study aims to elucidate the influence of two different sintering methods on fluoride-substituted apatite properties. : For this purpose, a two F-substituted apatites were produced by heat treatment in different ways called "rapid sintering" and "slow sintering".

Analysis of vibrations transmitted to the feet of a wheelchair user.

: The aim of the study was to quantitatively evaluate the vibrations received on the wheelchair footrest and to determine whether wheelchair users are at risk of vibration-white foot. This assessment was made using the ISO 2631 standard. : The measurements were taken on the footrest of a universal wheelchair.

Evaluation of frictional wear in a follow-up screw-rod kinematic node in GGS transpedicular stabilization.

: The aim of this study was to evaluate the abrasive wear of the sliding screw-rod joint used in growth guidance system (GGS) stabilizers, allowing for the translation of the screw along the rod during the spinal growth process in a standard and modified system. : The study used single kinematic screw-rod pairs made of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V. Mechanical tests (cyclic loads) simulated the stabilizer's operation under conditions similar to actual use.

The underlying mechanisms of the association of bone health with depression - an experimental study.

Background: Depression constitutes a risk factor for osteoporosis, but underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms are not fully understood. MiRNAs influence gene expression and are carried by extracellular vesicles (EV), affecting cell-cell communication.

Aims: (1) Identify the difference in miRNA expression between depressed patients and healthy controls; (2) Analyze associations of these miRNAs with bone turnover markers; (3) Analyze target genes of differentially regulated miRNAs and predict associated pathways regarding depression and bone metabolism.

Assessing microclimatic influences in Colombo metropolitan area (CMA) amidst global climate change: a comprehensive study from 1980 to 2022.

Climate change has become an emerging topic, leading to widespread damage. However, when considering climate, attention is drawn to various scales, and urban microclimate has emerged as a trending subject due to its direct relevance to human living environments. Among the microclimatic factors, temperature and precipitation are utilized in order to identify trends.

Cholesterol-terminated cationic lipidated oligomers (CLOs) as a new class of antifungals.

Infections caused by fungal pathogens are a global health problem, and have created an urgent need for new antimicrobial strategies. This report details the synthesis of lipidated 2-vinyl-4,4-dimethyl-5-oxazolone (VDM) oligomers an optimized Cu(0)-mediated reversible-deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) approach. Cholesterol-Br was used as an initiator to synthesize a library of oligo-VDM (degree of polymerisation = 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25), with an α-terminal cholesterol group.

From errors to excellence: the pre-analytical journey to improved quality in diagnostics. A scoping review.

This scoping review focuses on the evolution of pre-analytical errors (PAEs) in medical laboratories, a critical area with significant implications for patient care, healthcare costs, hospital length of stay, and operational efficiency. The Covidence Review tool was used to formulate the keywords, and then a comprehensive literature search was performed using several databases, importing the search results directly into Covidence (n=379). Title, abstract screening, duplicate removal, and full-text screening were done.

Understanding the effects of adduct functionalization on C nanocages for the hydrogen evolution reaction.

In this work, we use experimental and theoretical techniques to study the origin of the boosted hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalytic activity of two pyridyl-pyrrolidine functionalized C fullerenes. Notably, the mono-(pyridyl-pyrrolidine) penta-adduct of C has exhibited a remarkable HER catalytic activity as a metal-free catalyst, delivering an overpotential () of 75 mV RHE and a very low onset potential of -45 mV RHE. This work addresses fundamental questions about how functionalization on C changes the electron density on fullerene cages for high-performance HER electrocatalysis.