Intravitreal Bevacizumab After Intravitreal Triamcinolone for Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the effect of intravitreal bevacizumab on visual acuity after a previously unsuccessful intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection for the treatment of exudative age-related macular degeneration.

Design: This is a clinically interventional case series study.

Methods: This study included patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration who had previously received an intravitreal injection of approximately 25 mg of triamcinolone without an increase in visual acuity.

Retinal pigment epithelium tear after intravitreal bevacizumab for exudative age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To report on the development of retinal pigment epithelium tears after intravitreal injections of bevacizumab as treatment of exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Design: Interventional case series.

Methods: The study included 63 patients who received an intravitreal injection of 1.

Extracellular ubiquitin inhibits the TNF-alpha response to endotoxin in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and regulates endotoxin hyporesponsiveness in critical illness.

Ubiquitin is suggested to play a key role in essential intracellular functions, such as heat shock response, protein breakdown, and regulation of immune responses. Ubiquitin has also been detected in the extracellular space, but the function and biologic significance is unclear. We describe a new function of extracellular ubiquitin and show that extracellular ubiquitin specifically inhibits ex vivo secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and TNF-alpha mRNA expression from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) in response to endotoxin in a dose-dependent manner.