Study of the naturally occurring lignan brachangobinan A as antiplasmodial agent: Synthesis, biological evaluation, and in silico prediction.

This study focused on the synthesis, structural validation, and evaluation of the antiplasmodial efficacy of brachangobinan A (BA) and its enantiomers, (+)-BA and (-)-BA, as potential antimalarial agents. BA, (+)-BA, and (-)-BA were synthesized through chemical processes and validated via advanced spectroscopic techniques. In vitro studies were conducted to assess their efficacy against Plasmodium falciparum strains 3D7 and K1 by determining their half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC) values, cytotoxicity profiles, and selectivity indices.

Oxidation of myrtenol to myrtenal epoxide in a porphyrin-based photocatalytic system - A novel terpene alcohol derivative with antimicrobial and anticancer properties.

Biomimetic catalysis using porphyrins enables gentle oxidation of terpenes with molecular oxygen and light. This study explores the photooxidation of (-)-myrtenol under visible light to synthesize new terpenoid products with promising biological activity. Among the porphyrins tested, tetraphenylporphyrin (HTPP) exhibited the highest catalytic efficiency and stability in chloroform, producing myrtenal epoxide (ME) as the main product (with a molar conversion of myrtenol of 66.

High-Throughput Microarray Approaches for Predicting the Stability of Drug-Polymer Solid Dispersions.

Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) offer a well-recognized strategy to improve the effective solubility and, hence, bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. In this study, we developed an extensive library of a significant number of solid dispersion formulations using a library of chemically diverse drugs combined with a water-soluble polymer (polyvinylpyrrolidone vinyl acetate, PVPVA) at different loadings. These formulations were printed as microarrays of solid dispersion formulations, utilizing minimal material amounts (nanograms).

Fabrication of Oro-Dispersible Sodium Valproate-Loaded Nanofibrous Patches for Immediate Epileptic Innervation.

Epilepsy is one of the oldest neurological disorders discovered by mankind. This condition is firmly coupled with unprovoked seizures stimulated by irrepressible neuroelectrical blasts. Orally taken valproate family has been employed for prophylactic management; however, oral administration is not applicable for critical scenarios, thus calling for medication routes fulfilling necessities of immediate innervation.

Dispersive solid phase extraction of apixaban from human plasma samples prior to capillary electrophoresis determination using zirconium-based metal organic frameworks prepared by different modulator and solvent.

Here, a zirconium-based metal organic framework-dispersive solid phase extraction method was established as an efficient, robust, and accurate approach for quantifying apixabanin human plasma samples prior to capillary electrophoresis with diode array detection. Various types of metal organic frameworks based on UiO-66-NH were synthesized by altering modulators and solvents and applied as sorbents in the extraction procedure. Among the tested sorbents, UiO-66-NH prepared in dimethylformamide in the presence of acetic acid was found to be the best sorbent in this method for the extraction of apixaban with high extraction efficiency comparable to other types of UiO-66-NH metal organic frameworks.

Transglycosylation behavior of Mucor hiemalis endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase to β-cyclodextrin derivatives with multivalent glucose moieties for synthesizing cyclodextrin-based oligosaccharide clusters.

We investigated the transglycosylation reaction of two types of oligosaccharide acceptors, i.e., β-cyclodextrin (CD) derivatives 1 and 2 conjugated with multiple glucose (Glc) units, catalyzed by endo-β-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase from Mucor hiemalis (Endo-M) using the oligosaccharide donor sialoglycopeptide (SGP).

Chemical profiling and biological activity evaluation of propolis from Çayeli-Rize, Eastern Black Sea Region, Anatolia.

The constituents of the aqueous, ethanol, hexane, and methanol extracts of Anatolian propolis collected from the Eastern Black Sea Region (Çayeli-Rize) were investigated by GC-MS, HPLC and AAS. Interestingly, lactulose has been identified. Ten phenolic compounds, namely caffeic acid, ferulic acid, rutin, taxifolin, quercetin, kaempferol, apigenin, silicristin, silibinin and gallic acid were determined.

Exploring the hydrate landscape using data mining on the Cambridge structural database (CSD).

With the continued relevance of drug hydrates in pharmaceutical sciences, a comprehensive understanding of hydrate and anhydrate forms is essential, not only through individual case studies but also from a broader, systematic perspective. The Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) is a well-established database for crystal structures of organic molecules and here, the structural features of pharmaceutically relevant compounds forming hydrates were explored. Drug anhydrate and hydrate subsets were generated and further classified into separate anhydrate and hydrate sets for free drug, cocrystal/solvate, salt, multicomponent cocrystal/solvate, and salt cocrystal/solvate systems.

Effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine on the gut microbiota and metabolites in the small intestine, cecum, and colon of male rats.

3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; Ecstasy) is a widely abused recreational drug that has also gained interest for potential clinical applications in mental health. With the growing recognition of gut microbiota's role in mental health, this study examined whether repeated oral MDMA administration could affect gut microbiota in the small intestine, cecum, and colon of male rats. Repeated oral MDMA administration (10 mg/kg/day for 14 days) caused significant changes in the gut microbiota across these regions, with distinct effects observed in each.

FeS-based nanocomposites: A promising approach for sustainable environmental remediation - Focus on adsorption and photocatalysis - A review.

Population expansion, industrialization, urban development, and climate changes increased the water crisis in terms of drinking water availability. Among the various nanomaterials for nanoremediation towards water treatment, FeS-based nanocomposites have emerged as promising candidates in the adsorptive and photocatalytic removal of contaminants. This paper, therefore, evaluates the potential of FeS-based nanocomposites for environmental applications, more specifically the combined use of adsorption and photocatalysis.

Isomer Differentiation by UHPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap MS led to Enhanced Identification of Daphnane Diterpenoids in Daphne tangutica.

Introduction: Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has enhanced the rapid, accurate analysis of complex plant extracts, eliminating the need for extensive isolation. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) further enhances this process by providing detailed structural information. However, differentiating structural isomers remains a challenge due to their minor spectral and structural differences.

The Effect of Green-Synthesized Nanoparticles on Dental Caries-Causing Bacteria: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: In this study, a comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, SID, Scopus, Medline, and Web of Science, as well as selected herbal medicine journals. The inclusion of herbal medicine journals was justified by the growing interest in green-synthesized nanoparticles derived from plant extracts, which are relevant to the focus of this review. Articles published between 2015 and 2023 were evaluated.

Phyto-pharmacological wonders of genus : Ethnopharmacological insights and phytochemical treasures from natural products.

Natural products have perennially served as a cornerstone for the genesis of novel medicinal compounds. Most clinical therapeutics originate from ancestral herbal remedies and their formulations. Scholars and practitioners have always aimed to extract better remedies to treat various ailments.

Bioprospecting secondary metabolites with antimicrobial properties from soil bacteria in high-temperature ecosystems.

Background: The ongoing emergence and spread of drug-resistant pathogens necessitate urgent solutions. Natural products from bacterial sources are recognized as a promising source of antibiotics. This study aimed to isolate and characterize soil microorganisms from extremely hot environments and to screen their secondary metabolites for antibacterial activity.

Unlocking the pharmacological potential of Brennnesselwurzel (Urtica dioica L.): an in-depth study on multifaceted biological activities.

Brennnesselwurzel (Urtica dioica L.) is recognized for its diverse pharmacological properties. With a range of chemical constituents, such as vitamins, minerals, phenolic compounds, fibers, and amino acids, Brennnesselwurzel (BWE) has a long history of traditional medicinal use in Europe and Asia.

Lithocholic acid phenocopies anti-ageing effects of calorie restriction.

Calorie restriction (CR) is a dietary intervention used to promote health and longevity. CR causes various metabolic changes in both the production and the circulation of metabolites; however, it remains unclear which altered metabolites account for the physiological benefits of CR. Here we use metabolomics to analyse metabolites that exhibit changes in abundance during CR and perform subsequent functional validation.

The Influence of Blood Titanium Levels on DNA Damage in Brazilian Workers Occupationally Exposed to Different Chemical Agents.

Occupational exposure to pollutants may cause health-damaging effects in humans. Genotoxicity assays can be used to detect the toxic effects of pollutants. In the present study, we evaluated genetic damage in three populations occupationally exposed to benzene, pyrenes, and agrochemicals and assessed the possible influence of titanium (Ti) co-exposure.

Pharmacological investigation of selected 1,2,4 triazole derivative against ethanol induced gastric ulcer.

The present study aims to assess the therapeutic potential of (2S,3S,4S,5S,6S-2-(acetoxymethyl)-6-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(pyridine-4-yl)5-thioxo-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl tetrahydro-2H-pyran 3,4,5tryltriacetate (JAK05) on gastric ulcer. The current study was designed to evaluate the anti-ulcer potential of JAK05 against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer by employing in silico, in vitro and in vivo techniques. In silico studies, JAK05 has a binding score ranging from -8.

Flavonoids and other constituents from Jacaranda mimosifolia: In vitro analysis, molecular docking, and molecular dynamic simulations of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

The investigation of the methanol extract of the flowers of Jacaranda mimosifolia led to the isolation and characterisation of fourteen secondary metabolites (1-14) by the means of chromatographic and spectroscopic analysis. These compounds include eight flavonoids sorted as two flavonols (1-2), three flavones (3, 7-8), and three isoflavones (4, 9-10), two glucoiridoids (5-6), and four triterpenoids sorted as one oleanane (11), one hopane (12), and two lupane (13-14). The in vitro antioxidant potential of all the isolated compounds was evaluated using the ABTS- and FRAP- methods, which demonstrated concentration-dependent activity.

Associations of HLA-G 3'UTR polymorphisms and increased HLA-G expression with gastric cancer susceptibility and prognosis.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) remains a serious health concern and is characterized by a multifactorial etiology involving both genetic and epigenetic factors. The aim of the current study was to examine the relationship between Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G 3'UTR polymorphisms and the expression of HLA-G in both tumor tissues and plasma samples from patients with GC in the Tunisian population.

Methods: HLA-G 3'UTR polymorphisms (14pb Insertion/deletion and + 3142C/G) were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or Sanger sequencing.

A polyaniline-enhanced quartz crystal microbalance sensor for room-temperature camphor detection.

A method to detect camphor gas is considered indispensable in the pharmaceutical industry. Unfortunately, the available sensors to detect the presence of camphor in the air are very limited and still on a laboratory scale, such as using chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The research's main focus is to obtain a portable sensing system with excellent sensitivity and selectivity.

Exploring the development of pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) for health professions educators through faculty development.

Research on how pedagogical content knowledge (PCK)-informed faculty development initiatives can support PCK development among health professions educators is limited. Given the positive impact of PCK on enhancing professional knowledge for effective teaching, this study investigates the learning process of health professions educators in developing their PCK through a faculty development initiative, supported by the Content Representation (CoRe) tool. Using a qualitative approach, grounded in social constructionism, the study engaged eight educators from diverse health disciplines at an Australian university.

Neonatal gut microbiota and risk of developing food sensitization and allergy.

Background: Food sensitization (FS) develops in early infancy and is a risk factor for subsequent food allergy (FA). Recent evidence suggests relationships of gut microbiota with FS and FA. However, little is known about the role of neonatal gut microbiota in the pathobiology of these manifestations.

Recent advances in carbon-based materials derived from diverse green biowaste for sensing applications: a comprehensive overview from the perspective of synthesis method and application.

The rapid increase in global waste, driven by population growth, has raised significant environmental concerns. Among different types of wastes, green biowastes (BWs) containing organic matter have attracted considerable attention. The conversion of BW, particularly from herbaceous and animal sources, to carbon-based materials (CBMs) introduces a suitable platform for waste management and resource recovery.

Effect of Substituents on Chitosan-Derived Sustainable Corrosion Inhibitors: Experimental and Computational Studies of Inhibition and Adsorption Performance.

This work involves the synthesis of two chitosan derivatives by reacting chitosan, extracted from shrimp shells in eastern Morocco, with 2-nitrobenzaldehyde via a Schiff base reaction. An amino derivative of chitosan was then produced by reducing the imine group created by sodium borohydride. We investigated the molecular weight (), crystallinity index (), and degree of deacetylation () of the isolated chitosan, among other characteristic features.