Multidimensional library for the improved identification of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS).

As the occurrence of human diseases and conditions increase, questions continue to arise about their linkages to chemical exposure, especially for per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Currently, many chemicals of concern have limited experimental information available for their use in analytical assessments. Here, we aim to increase this knowledge by providing the scientific community with multidimensional characteristics for 175 PFAS and their resulting 281 ion types.

Microbial protein production during fermentation of starch-rich legume flours using Aspergillus oryzae and Lactobacillus plantarum starter cultures.

Starch-rich faba bean, yellow lentil, and yellow field pea flours were subjected to submerged fermentation using Aspergillus oryzae and Lactobacillus plantarum starter mono- or co-cultures, to increase protein contents of the flours. Fermentation mixes were supplemented with up to 35 g/L urea, ammonium sulfate and/or monoammonium phosphate as nitrogen sources. Protein contents of the flours increased 2-2.

Synergistic effects of allantoin and Achyranthes japonica-biochar profoundly alleviate lead toxicity during barley growth.

Lead (Pb), a toxic metal, causes severe health hazards to both humans and plants due to environmental pollution. Biochar addition has been efficiently utilized to enhance growth of plants as well as yield in the presence of Pb-induced stress. The present research introduces a novel use of biochar obtained from the weed Achyranthes japonica to enhance the growth of plants in Pb-contaminated soil.

A new vaccination approach for Salmonellosis employing a multi-epitope vaccine based on live microbial cell factory from Lactococcus lactis.

A major health and financial burden in the chicken sector is salmonella infection. It is difficult to create an oral vaccination that can provide strong intestinal mucosal immunity in birds, particularly cross-protection against several Salmonella serotypes. As a result, the poultry industry needs a powerful oral vaccination platform that uses live bacterial vectors to prevent various Salmonella serotypes.

Biofortification of Acacia and Polyflower Honey with Pine sylvestris L. Bud Extracts: Exploring Antioxidant Variation Across Developmental Stages for Enhanced Nutritional Value.

Honey is a valuable natural product with antioxidant properties, and its quality is influenced by various factors, including botanical origin and biofortification. Pine bud extracts, known for their antioxidant capacity, were explored to enhance the properties of acacia and polyflower honey. This study aimed to investigate the effect of pine bud extracts at different maturation stages on the moisture content, dry matter, antioxidant activity, and total phenolic content (TPC) of acacia and polyflower honey.

Plant Colonization by Biocontrol Bacteria and Improved Plant Health: A Review.

The use of biological control agents is one of the best strategies available to combat the plant diseases in an ecofriendly manner. Biocontrol bacteria capable of providing beneficial effect in crop plant growth and health, have been developed for several decades. It highlights the need for a deeper understanding of the colonization mechanisms employed by biocontrol bacteria to enhance their efficacy in plant pathogen control.

Comprehensive GC-MS Characterization and Histochemical Assessment of Various Parts of Three Species from Bulgarian Flora.

This study presents a comprehensive phyto- and histochemical analysis of three species: L., the Balkan endemic Guss., and the Bulgarian endemic Delip.

Effects of Source on the Nitrogen Uptake, Allocation Patterns, and Performance of Strawberry ( Duch.): A N-Tracer Study.

Nitrogen (N) is an essential determinant of strawberry growth and productivity. However, plants exhibit varying preferences for sources of nitrogen, which ultimately affects its use efficiency. Thus, it is imperative to determine the preferred N source for the optimization of indoor strawberry production.

Genome-Wide Identification and In Silico Expression Analysis of Gene Family in (Citrus) in Response to Abiotic Stress.

The (citrus) plant produces various phytohormones due to the significant involvement of the carotenoid cleavage oxygenase () gene family in its growth and development. genes can be divided into two main categories: (9-cis-epoxy carotenoid dioxygenase), responsible for abscisic acid (ABA) production, and (carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase), involved in pigment and strigolactone formation. To better understand the roles and positions of gene members in relation to these hormones, researchers analyzed the clementine genome.

- Essential Oil: Chemical Composition, Phytotoxic Activity and Environmental Safety.

Weeds cause a decrease in the quantity and quality of agricultural production and economic damage to producers. The prolonged use of synthetic pesticides causes problems of environmental pollution, the possible alteration of agricultural products and problems for human health. For this reason, the scientific community's search for products of natural origin, which are biodegradable, safe for human health and can act as valid alternatives to traditional herbicides, is growing.

The Status of Wild Grapevine ( L. subsp. (C.C. Gmel.) Hegi) Populations in Georgia (South Caucasus).

Repeated expeditions across various regions of Georgia in the early 2000s led to the identification of 434 wild grapevine individuals ( L. subsp. (C.

Metabolite Profiling and Association Analysis of Leaf Tipburn in Heat-Tolerant Bunching Onion Varieties.

The bunching onion is an important leafy vegetable, prized for its distinctive flavor and color. It is consumed year-round in Japan, where a stable supply is essential. However, in recent years, the challenges posed by climate change and global warming have resulted in adverse effects on bunching onions, including stunted growth, discoloration, and the development of leaf tipburn, threatening both crop quality and yield.

Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Manuka Honey and Ohia Lehua Honey.

Unlabelled: Honey is abundant in bioactive compounds, which demonstrate considerable therapeutic effects, particularly on oxidative stress and inflammation.

Objectives: This work sought to evaluate the antioxidant mechanisms of Manuka honey (MH) and Ohia Lehua honey (OLH), correlating them with phytochemical analyses in a rat model of experimentally induced inflammation.

Methods: The identification of polyphenolic compounds in the extracts was carried out using HPLC-ESI MS.

Impact of Maternal Macronutrient Intake on Large for Gestational Age Neonates' Risk Among Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Results from the Greek BORN2020 Cohort.

Background/objectives: The effect of maternal macronutrient composition on the risk of large for gestational age (LGA) neonates among women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is not well understood. This study aimed to investigate these associations in a pregnant cohort in Northern Greece, considering both pre-pregnancy and early pregnancy dietary intake, and stratifying women by pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI).

Methods: From a total of 797 eligible pregnant women, the 117 (14.

Salt Stress Enhanced Bioactivity of Quinoa Leaf Extracts: An In Vitro and In Silico Study of Acetylcholinesterase and Tyrosinase Inhibition for Sustainable Drug Development.

Quinoa is recognized for its nutritional and pharmacological properties. This study aims to investigate the impact of salt stress induced by varying concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl) on the production of phenolic compounds and their biological activities in different quinoa accessions. Leaves from three quinoa accessions (Q4, Q24, and Q45) cultivated under increasing NaCl treatments were subjected to chemical analysis using ethanol and water extract.

Synthesis and Characterization of PEGylated Liposomes and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers with Entrapped Bioactive Triterpenoids: Comparative Fingerprints and Quantification by UHPLC-QTOF-ESI-MS, ATR-FTIR Spectroscopy, and HPLC-DAD.

: Pentacyclic triterpenoids, as bioactive phytochemicals, have proven to exhibit significant bioactivity (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, and anticancer) and low cytotoxicity. This study developed convenient methods for extracting and characterizing a birch bark extract enriched in pentacyclic triterpenoids (betulin, betulinic acid, and lupeol) and entrapped in two bioavailable nanoformulations. The performance of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy as a cost-effective and non-destructive method was evaluated comparatively with accurate HPLC-based methods.

Assessment of Antibiotic Resistance Among Isolates of spp. and spp. in Wildlife and Their Environment from Portugal: A Positive Epidemiologic Outcome.

One of the significant challenges facing modern medicine is the rising rate of antibiotic resistance, which impacts public health, animal health, and environmental preservation. Evaluating antibiotic resistance in wildlife and their environments is crucial, as it offers essential insights into the dynamics of resistance patterns and promotes strategies for monitoring, prevention, and intervention. and genera isolates were recovered from fecal samples of wild animals and environmental samples using media without antibiotic supplementation.

Comparative Analysis of γ-Cyclodextrin, Perilla Oil, and Their Inclusion Complexes on Liver Injury and Dyslipidemia Associated with Elevated Gastrointestinal 12-Hydroxylated Bile Acid Levels.

Our previous study demonstrated that γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD)-perilla oil inclusion complexes increase plasma α-linolenic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid levels in healthy rats without adverse effects. The present study examined the effects of perilla oil, γ-CD, and their inclusion complexes on rats fed cholic acid (CA) to mimic the elevated gastrointestinal 12-hydroxylated (12OH) bile acid levels in high-fat diet-fed rats. Rats fed CA (CA group) tended to have higher AST, ALT, plasma total cholesterol (T-CHO), and triglyceride (TG) levels compared to controls fed a standard diet without CA.

Utilizing Invasive as a Sustainable Fish Meal Substitute and Extract Supplement: Effects on Growth Performance, Organosomatic Indices, Hematological Profiles, and Serum Biochemistry in Chinese Bullfrogs ().

This research examined the efficacy of substituting commercial fish meal (CFM) with meal (PPM) in diets, with and without extract (EHE) supplementation. The study utilized six dietary treatments: a control diet (0% PPM, no EHE) and five experimental diets with varying PPM levels (0%+, 25%+, 50%+, 75%+, and 100%+), each fortified with 300 mg/kg EHE. The experiment spanned 90 days.

The Potential Effect of Bualuang (White Gaertn.) Extract on Sperm Quality and Metabolomic Profiles in Mancozeb-Induced Oxidative Stress in Male Rats.

Mancozeb (MZ), an EBDC fungicide, has been found to contaminate agricultural products and cause male reproductive toxicity. The phytochemical compounds of white petal extract (WNPE) and its effects on metabolomic profiles and reproductive function in male rats poisoned with MZ were investigated. Seventy-two mature male Wistar rats were divided into nine groups ( = 8) and, for 30 days, were gavaged with WNPE at doses of 0.

Recycling of Agricultural Film Wastes for Use as a Binder in Building Composites.

Plastic film, also known as low-density polyethylene (LDPE), poses serious environmental challenges due to mass production, short life cycle, and poor waste management. The main aim of this paper was to examine the suitability of using agricultural waste film as a binder in construction composites instead of the traditional cement slurry. Molten at temperatures of around 120-150 °C wastes was mixed with fine sand and gravel aggregate as filler.

Enhancement of Biopolymer Film Properties Using Spermidine, Zinc Oxide, and Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles: A Study of Physical, Thermal, and Mechanical Characteristics.

One of the main limitations of biopolymers compared to petroleum-based polymers is their weak mechanical and physical properties. Recent improvements focused on surmounting these constraints by integrating nanoparticles into biopolymer films to improve their efficacy. This study aimed to improve the properties of gelatin-chitosan-based biopolymer layers using zinc oxide (ZnO) and graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles combined with spermidine to enhance their mechanical, physical, and thermal properties.

Bioacaricides in Crop Protection-What Is the State of Play?

Growing demands for environmentally safe and sustainable pest management have increased interest in biopesticides as alternatives to synthetic chemical pesticides. This review presents the current status of bioacaricides, defined as commercial biopesticide products based on microorganisms (microbial acaricides) and biologically active substances of microbial, plant or animal origin (biochemicals and semiochemicals) used in crop protection against spider mites (Tetranychidae) and other plant-feeding mites. The most important microbial bioacaricides are mycopesticides, which are products manufactured from living propagules of s.

Differential Coding of Fruit, Leaf, and Microbial Odours in the Brains of and .

severely damages the production of berry and stone fruits in large parts of the world. Unlike , which reproduces on overripe and fermenting fruits on the ground, prefers to lay its eggs in ripening fruits still on the plants. Flies locate fruit hosts by their odorant volatiles, which are detected and encoded by a highly specialised olfactory system before being translated into behaviour.

Nontarget Catches of Green and Brown Lacewings (Insecta: Neuroptera: Chrysopidae, Hemerobiidae) Collected by Light- and Volatile-Baited Traps in the Transcarpathian Lowland (W Ukraine).

Distribution data on the lacewing fauna of the data-deficient Transcarpathian Lowland (West Ukraine) were provided. The attractivity of phenylacetaldehyde-(FLO) and isoamyl alcohol-based (SBL) lures designed for trapping lepidopteran pests to lacewings was also studied and compared to the efficiency of light traps traditionally used in studies on neuropterans. In the three-year study, 374 individuals of 10 species were caught.