Attributable mortality of candidemia - Results from the ECMM Candida III multinational European Observational Cohort Study.

Introduction: Despite antifungal advancements, candidaemia still has a high mortality rate of up to 40%. The ECMM Candida III study in Europe investigated the changing epidemiology and outcomes of candidaemia for better understanding and management of these infections.

Methods: In this observational cohort study, participating hospitals enrolled the first ten consecutive adults with blood culture-proven candidemia.

Health-related quality of life and symptoms of chronic myeloid leukemia patients after discontinuation of tyrosine kinase inhibitors: results from the EURO-SKI Trial.

Limited data is available on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and symptoms of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) who are in treatment-free remission (TFR). We herein report HRQoL results from the EURO-SKI trial. Patients who had been on tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) therapy for at least 3 years and achieved MR4 for at least 1 year were enrolled from 11 European countries, and the EORTC QLQ-C30 and the FACIT-Fatigue questionnaires were used to assess HRQoL and fatigue respectively.

The SNP rs460089 in the gene promoter of the drug transporter OCTN1 has prognostic value for treatment-free remission in chronic myeloid leukemia patients treated with imatinib.

Membrane transporters are important determinants of drug bioavailability. Their expression and activity affect the intracellular drug concentration in leukemic cells impacting response to therapy. Pharmacogenomics represents genetic markers that reflect allele arrangement of genes encoding drug transporters associated with treatment response.

Evaluation of human papillomavirus DNA in colorectal cancer and adjacent mucosal tissue samples.

Background: Although the role of viral agents, such as human papillomavirus (e.g. HPV16, HPV18) in colorectal cancer (CRC) has been previously investigated, results remain inconclusive.

Immunological Parameters in Patients Suffering from Atopic Dermatitis and Either Treated or Non-Treated with Dupilumab.

Objective: The aim of the study is to analyze the absolute count of leukocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, T cells, natural killer cells, B cells and to evaluate the expression of functionally important CD23 and CD200 molecules on B cells in patients suffering from atopic dermatitis (AD), (with and without dupilumab therapy).

Materials And Methods: We examined 45 patients suffering from AD - 32 patients without dupilumab treatment (10 men, 22 women, average age 35.0 years), 13 patients with dupilumab treatment (7 men, 6 women, average age 43.

Protein expression and localization of ABC transporters in pancreatic adenocarcinoma: Prognostic role of ABCC8.

Background: ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters translocate various substances across cellular membranes. Their deregulation may cause cancer drug resistance or perturbations in the supply of building blocks for cancer cells and modify patients' prognosis. This study investigated protein expression and cellular localization of the previously suggested putative prognostic biomarkers - ABCB2/TAP1, ABCC7/CFTR, ABCC8/SUR1, and ABCD4 in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Pathobionts in the tumour microbiota predict survival following resection for colorectal cancer.

Background And Aims: The gut microbiota is implicated in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to map the CRC mucosal microbiota and metabolome and define the influence of the tumoral microbiota on oncological outcomes.

Methods: A multicentre, prospective observational study was conducted of CRC patients undergoing primary surgical resection in the UK (n = 74) and Czech Republic (n = 61).

Polymorphisms in some proinflammatory genes (TNFα and β, IL-1β, IL-6, ADAM17) in severe chronic venous disease.

Background: Chronic venous disease (CVD) is a common disorder of lower extremities.

Objectives: The study was scheduled to investigate the relationship between polymorphisms in major proinflammatory genes TNF α (-238 A/G; -308 A/G), TNF β (NcoI), IL-1β (+3953 T/C); IL-6 (-174 G/C; -596 G/C) and ADAM17 (3'TACE) and CVD risk. Genotype-phenotype study was calculated to test possible association between examined genotypes and phenotypes of CVD.

Changes in Nutritional State and Cardiovascular Parameters in Alimentary Obese Children after a Month-Long Stay in Children's Treatment Center.

Childhood and adolescent obesity has become an important public health issue, as it leads to higher risk of cardio−metabolic, orthopedic, and psychological comorbidities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in nutritional state and cardiovascular system parameters in obese children. Sixty respondents aged 9−17 years with alimentary obesity participated in this research.

Association of the angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphisms with recurrent aphthous stomatitis in the Czech population: case-control study.

Background: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is multifactorial disease with unclear etiopathogenesis. The aim of this study was to determine distribution of the angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphisms and their influence on RAS susceptibility in Czech population.

Methods: The study included 230 subjects (143 healthy controls and 87 patients with RAS) with anamnestic, clinical and laboratory data.

Severe abdominal pain: an atypical initial and leading symptom preceding skin rash in Henoch-Schönlein purpura.

Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is the most common vasculitis in childhood and is clinically characterised by purpura, abdominal pain, arthritis and renal involvement. Scarcely, some patients with HSP may not always show visible rash and can present with insidious abdominal symptoms. We present two patients: an 8-year-old boy who was initially considered as having infectious diarrhoea and mesenteric lymphadenitis, then intussusception, appendicitis, appendicopathia oxyuriaca and post-operative ileus.

Importance of evaluation of bone invasion type in squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity and oropharynx.

Aims: The objective of this study was to compare bone invasion type with histopathological, clinical and immunohistochemical prognostic factors.

Methods: The study included 49 patients who were treated for oral squamous cell carcinoma. Of which, 30 patients, with presence of bone invasion on histopathology, were divided according to the type of bone invasion (erosive, infiltrative, mixed).

In Vivo Measurements of Middle Ear Temperature During Transcanal Endoscopic Ear Surgery.

Objective: The light emitted from the endoscope during transcanal endoscopic ear surgery (TEES) heats the intratympanic space. This heat may potentially be dangerous to nearby important structures, as documented by in vitro and by animal and cadaveric studies. The aim of our work was to monitor middle ear temperatures during TEES in vivo.

A SNaPshot Assay for Determination of the Mannose-Binding Lectin Gene Variants and an Algorithm for Calculation of Haplogenotype Combinations.

Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) deficiency caused by the variability in the gene is responsible for the susceptibility to and severity of various infectious and autoimmune diseases. A combination of six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) has a major impact on MBL levels in circulation. The aim of this study is to design and validate a sensitive and economical method for determining haplogenotypes.

Management of Metastatic Nonclear Renal Cell Carcinoma: What Are the Options and Challenges?

This case presents a 68-yr-old female patient with primary metastatic nonclear renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with multiple bone lesions. The patient underwent a single resection of skull bone lesion (diagnostic for poorly differentiated carcinoma of unknown origin) and cytoreductive nephrectomy. The pathology of the kidney specimen demonstrated an oncocytic papillary RCC.

Limitations of Available Studies Prevent Reliable Comparison Between Tumour Ablation and Partial Nephrectomy for Patients with Localised Renal Masses: A Systematic Review from the European Association of Urology Renal Cell Cancer Guideline Panel.

The European Association of Urology (EAU) Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) Guideline Panel performed a protocol-driven systematic review (SR) on thermal ablation (TA) compared with partial nephrectomy (PN) for T1N0M0 renal masses, in order to provide evidence to support its recommendations. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed, and only comparative studies published between 2000 and 2019 were included. Twenty-six nonrandomised comparative studies were included, recruiting a total of 167 80 patients.

Protein expression of ABCC2 and SLC22A3 associates with prognosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) and solute carrier (SLC) transporters translocate diverse substances across cellular membranes and their deregulation may cause drug resistance of cancers. This study investigated significance of protein expression and cellular localization of the previously suggested putative prognostic markers ABCC2 and SLC22A3 in pancreatic cancer patients. Protein localization and brush border staining intensity of ABCC2 and SLC22A3 was assessed in tumor tissue blocks of 65 pancreatic cancer patients and associated with clinical data and survival of patients with regard to therapy.

First-line imatinib in elderly patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia from the CAMELIA registry: Age and dose still matter.

We retrospectively evaluated the role of age and dosage in 372 CML patients (170 women, 202 men) treated with first-line imatinib (IMA) from the records of the CAMELIA registry. The median follow-up of the patients was 82.3 (18.

European Association of Urology Guidelines on Renal Cell Carcinoma: The 2019 Update.

Context: The European Association of Urology Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) Guideline Panel has prepared evidence-based guidelines and recommendations for the management of RCC.

Objective: To provide an updated RCC guideline based on standardised methodology including systematic reviews, which is robust, transparent, reproducible, and reliable.

Evidence Acquisition: For the 2019 update, evidence synthesis was undertaken based on a comprehensive and structured literature assessment for new and relevant data.

Imaging in Suspected Renal-Cell Carcinoma: Systematic Review.

Objective: To systematically assessed the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) compared to other imaging modalities for diagnosing and staging renal-cell carcinoma in adults.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted through various electronic databases. Data from the selected studies were extracted and pooled, and median sensitivity and specificity were calculated wherever possible.

The significance of enzyme and transporter polymorphisms for imatinib plasma levels and achieving an optimal response in chronic myeloid leukemia patients.

Introduction: Imatinib mesylate is the drug of choice for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Imatinib pharmacokinetics is affected by a number of transport proteins and enzymes.

Material And Methods: In the present study we evaluated the association of eight polymorphisms in the seven genes CYP3A5*3 (rs776746), CYP3A4*1 (rs2740574), CYP2C9*3 (rs1057910), SLC22A1 (rs683369), ABCB1 (rs1045642, rs1128503), ABCG2 (rs2231142) and ABCC2 (rs717620) with imatinib plasma level and achieving an optimal clinical response in 112 CML patients (53 men and 59 women).

Updated European Association of Urology Guidelines for Cytoreductive Nephrectomy in Patients with Synchronous Metastatic Clear-cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) has been the standard of care in patients with metastatic clear-cell renal cancer who present with the tumour in place. The CARMENA trial compared systemic therapy alone with CN followed by systemic therapy. This article outlines the new guidelines based on these data.