Attenuating hyperammonemia preserves protein synthesis and muscle mass via restoration of perturbed metabolic pathways in bile duct-ligated rats.

Sarcopenia and hepatic encephalopathy (HE) are complications of chronic liver disease (CLD), which negatively impact clinical outcomes. Hyperammonemia is considered to be the central component in the pathogenesis of HE, however ammonia's toxic effects have also been shown to impinge on extracerebral organs including the muscle. Our aim was to investigate the effect of attenuating hyperammonemia with ornithine phenylacetate (OP) on muscle mass loss and associated molecular mechanisms in rats with CLD.

Training healthcare workers and untrained interpreters in remote collaboration amidst COVID-19.

Objective: In the context of the public health emergency response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Quebec in 2020, remote public service interpreting has become, within a few days, an essential practice for maintaining services to migrants and allophone refugees, a particularly vulnerable population. This study aimed to measure the impact of two training courses on remote collaboration for mediated consultations developed for healthcare workers and untrained interpreters.

Methods: A total of 79 healthcare workers and 65 untrained interpreters from the province of Quebec were recruited.

Residual limb neuropathic pain association with neuroma, prosthetic, function, and participation outcomes in individuals living with a transtibial amputation: an exploratory study.

Objective: To determine the strength of the association between residual limb neuropathic pain intensity and the number of neuromas, prosthetic, functional, and participation outcomes, and assess whether ultrasound (US) biomarkers of neuromas differ between pain intensities.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Subjects: Twenty-two participants with a transtibial amputation for more than 12 months, with and without residual limb neuropathic pain.

Burden of Vitiligo in Canada: Retrospective Analysis of a Canadian Public Claims Database.

Background: Vitiligo is an autoimmune disease resulting in skin depigmentation. Treatment options are limited.

Objectives: To examine disease burden and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) among patients with vitiligo in Québec, Canada.

Self-reports map the landscape of task states derived from brain imaging.

Psychological states influence our happiness and productivity; however, estimates of their impact have historically been assumed to be limited by the accuracy with which introspection can quantify them. Over the last two decades, studies have shown that introspective descriptions of psychological states correlate with objective indicators of cognition, including task performance and metrics of brain function, using techniques like functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Such evidence suggests it may be possible to quantify the mapping between self-reports of experience and objective representations of those states (e.

Common white lesions of the oral cavity: Review of clinical presentations and management.

Objective: To provide primary care physicians with a review of common oral white lesions and a practical management algorithm.

Sources Of Information: Between January and April 2024 relevant literature and clinical guidelines were searched for using the PubMed MEDLINE database with no date limitation.

Main Message: A broad differential diagnosis exists for white lesions of the oral cavity.

What is the current state of precision rehabilitation? Protocol for a scoping study with a consultation phase.

Introduction: Precision health can be described as the right intervention, at the right time, for the right person, with a focus on monitoring and maintaining health in a longitudinal approach. Despite an increasing focus on precision approaches in medicine, their application in a rehabilitation context remains unexplored. As such, a greater understanding of the current state of the literature is required, in combination with clinician, researcher and healthcare manager perspectives regarding barriers and facilitators to the practical implementation of precision rehabilitation in clinical practice.

Differences in Care and Outcomes in Cardiogenic Shock in Cardiac Intensive Care Units in the United States and Canada: CCCTN Registry Insights.

Background: Mortality in cardiogenic shock (CS) remains high. Significant inter-hospital heterogeneity in critical care therapies have been described, which reflects the lack of high-quality evidence to guide optimal treatment. We aimed to describe differences in practices and clinical outcomes among patients with CS in the United States (US) and Canada.

Characteristics of supervised injection site clients and factors associated with requiring overdose intervention, Montreal, Canada, 2018-2022.

Background: Supervised injection sites (SIS) offer a hygienic environment in which people can inject drugs under observation; as such, these harm reduction services have been on the forefront of the overdose epidemic. We sought to understand factors predictive of an overdose requiring an emergency response intervention at SIS in Montréal, Canada.

Methods: We used administrative data from all four Montréal SIS from 1 March 2018 - 31 October 2022 to first calculate the rate of onsite overdose requiring intervention (e.

Postoperative Radiotherapy ± Cetuximab for Intermediate-Risk Head and Neck Cancer.

Purpose: Radiotherapy (RT)/cetuximab (C) demonstrated superiority over RT alone for locally advanced squamous head and neck cancer. We tested this in completely resected, intermediate-risk cancer.

Methods: Patients had squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) of the oral cavity, oropharynx, or larynx, with one or more risk factors warranting postoperative RT.

Music and hypnosis for well-being in retirement homes: A pilot study.

Anxiety, pain and poor well-being are major issues in elderly individuals. Complementary interventions, such as music and hypnosis, are increasingly used to address these issues. The objectives of this study were to assess immediate changes in anxiety, pain and well-being during personalized prerecorded music and hypnosis interventions compared to control sessions, and to explore participants' subjective experiences.

The anti-dyskinetic effect of the clinic-ready mGluRpositive allosteric modulator AZD8529 in the 6-OHDA-lesioned rat.

L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) remains the main treatment for motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, chronic use is associated with the development of complications such as L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. We previously demonstrated that LY-487,379, a highly selective metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 (mGluR2) positive allosteric modulator (PAM), reduces the severity of L-DOPA-induced abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) in the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned rat model of PD, without interfering with the anti-parkinsonian action of L-DOPA.

Forms and correlates of child maltreatment among autistic children involved in child protection services.

Background: Child maltreatment is a significant social problem impacting both health and society, with severe and enduring consequences. Certain children, such as those with neurodevelopmental conditions like autism, may be more at risk of experiencing maltreatment. However, little research has examined the characteristics of these children.

Co-isolation of human donor eye cells and development of oncogene-mutated melanocytes to study uveal melanoma.

Background: Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common intraocular tumor in adults, arises either de novo from normal choroidal melanocytes (NCMs) or from pre-existing nevi that stem from NCMs and are thought to harbor UM-initiating mutations, most commonly in GNAQ or GNA11. However, there are no commercially available NCM cell lines, nor is there a detailed protocol for developing an oncogene-mutated CM line (MutCM) to study UM development. This study aimed to establish and characterize premalignant CM models from human donor eyes to recapitulate the cell populations at the origin of UM.

Art of TIL immunotherapy: SITC's perspective on demystifying a complex treatment.

In a first for solid cancers, cellular immunotherapy has entered standard of care in the treatment of patients with metastatic melanoma. The infusion of autologous tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TIL) is capable of mediating durable tumor regression and is now Food and Drug Administration-approved for patients with disease refractory to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Since the advent of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells for patients with hematological malignancies, a growing network of centers capable of delivering effector T cell products to patients has developed.

Assessing foraging landscape quality in Quebec's commercial beekeeping through remote sensing, machine learning, and survival analysis.

Honey bees (Apis mellifera) play an important role in our agricultural systems. In recent years, beekeepers have reported high colony mortality rates in several parts of the world. Inadequate foraging landscapes are often cited as a major factor deterring honey bee colony health.

Peripheral blood age-sensitive immune markers in multiple sclerosis: relation to sex, cytomegalovirus status, and treatment.

Background: Immunosenescence is accelerated by chronic infectious and autoimmune diseases and could contribute to the pathobiology of multiple sclerosis (MS). How MS and disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) impact age-sensitive immune biomarkers is only partially understood.

Methods: We analyzed 771 serum samples from 147 healthy controls and 289 people with MS (PwMS) by multiplex immunoassays.

Extracellular acyl-CoA-binding protein as an independent biomarker of COVID-19 disease severity.

Background: Factors leading to severe COVID-19 remain partially known. New biomarkers predicting COVID-19 severity that are also causally involved in disease pathogenesis could improve patient management and contribute to the development of innovative therapies. Autophagy, a cytosolic structure degradation pathway is involved in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis, degradation of intracellular pathogens and generation of energy for immune responses.

Increasing stress resilience in older adults through a 6-week prevention program: effects on coping strategies, anxiety symptoms, and cortisol levels.

Introduction: As people age, chronic stress, resulting in prolonged or repeated activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, has been associated with long-term adverse health outcomes. Coping strategies and social support have been recognized as contributing to resilience to stress in older adults. Few studies have evaluated stress management training (SMT) interventions based on psychoneuroendocrinology that were designed to be delivered to healthy older adults in community settings.

Phylogenetic signal in primate tooth enamel proteins and its relevance for paleoproteomics.

Ancient tooth enamel, and to some extent dentin and bone, contain characteristic peptides that persist for long periods of time. In particular, peptides from the enamel proteome (enamelome) have been used to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships of fossil taxa. However, the enamelome is based on only about 10 genes, whose protein products undergo fragmentation in vivo and post mortem.