A distributed brain response predicting the facial expression of acute nociceptive pain.

Pain is a private experience observable through various verbal and non-verbal behavioural manifestations, each of which may relate to different pain-related functions. Despite the importance of understanding the cerebral mechanisms underlying those manifestations, there is currently limited knowledge of the neural correlates of the facial expression of pain. In this functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, noxious heat stimulation was applied in healthy volunteers and we tested if previously published brain signatures of pain were sensitive to pain expression.

Centroid of the bacterial growth curves: a metric to assess phage efficiency.

Phage replication can be studied using various approaches, including measuring the optical density (OD) of a bacterial culture in a liquid medium in the presence of phages. A few quantitative methods are available to measure and compare the efficiency of phages by using a single index based on the analysis of OD curves. However, these methods are not always applicable to non-canonical OD curves.

Pain during primary molar local anaesthesia with SleeperOne5 computerized device versus conventional syringe: A randomized, split-mouth, crossover, controlled trial.

Background: Because of controversial results from clinical studies comparing different dental local anesthesia methods in children, the primary objective of this randomized, split-mouth, crossover, controlled trial was to compare pain intensity during local anaesthesia (LA) performed with a computer-controlled LA delivery system (C-CLADS) versus a conventional syringe (CONV). Secondary objectives included comparisons during dental treatment.

Methods: Participants (4-8 years) with tooth pair requiring similar treatment were recruited from five French hospitals.

Fermentation Practices Select for Thermostable Endolysins in Phages.

Endolysins are produced by (bacterio)phages and play a crucial role in degrading the bacterial cell wall and the subsequent release of new phage progeny. These lytic enzymes exhibit a remarkable diversity, often occurring in a multimodular form that combines different catalytic and cell wall-binding domains, even in phages infecting the same species. Yet, our current understanding lacks insight into how environmental factors and ecological niches may have influenced the evolution of these enzymes.

The Qanuilirpitaa? 2017 Nunavik Health Survey: design, methods, and lessons learned.

Objective: To depict the design, methods, sociodemographic characteristics of the population, and lessons learned during the Qanuilirpitaa? 2017 Nunavik Inuit Health Survey, the third major health survey to be conducted among youth and adults residing in Nunavik (Northern Quebec, Canada).

Methods: Qanuilirpitaa? 2017 is a cross-sectional survey that served to update information regarding various aspects of physical health, mental health, and general well-being of Nunavimmiut. The survey was guided by the ethics principles of Ownership, Control, Access, and Possession (OCAP®) ( https://fnigc.

A distributed brain response predicting the facial expression of acute nociceptive pain.

Pain is a private experience observable through various verbal and non-verbal behavioural manifestations, each of which may relate to different pain-related functions. Despite the importance of understanding the cerebral mechanisms underlying those manifestations, there is currently limited knowledge on the neural correlates of the facial expression of pain. In this functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, noxious heat stimulation was applied in healthy volunteers and we tested if previously published brain signatures of pain were sensitive to pain expression.

GenIDA, a participatory patient registry for genetic forms of intellectual disability provides detailed caregiver-reported information on 237 individuals with Koolen-de Vries syndrome.

Purpose: GenIDA is an international patient registry for individuals diagnosed with intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, and/or epilepsy, which is based on an online questionnaire that is completed by parent caregivers. In this study, the GenIDA data on Koolen-de Vries syndrome (KdVS) was analyzed illustrating the value of GenIDA and patient/caregiver participation in rare genetic neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs).

Methods: Recruitment was done on the GenIDA website from November 2016 to February 2022.

[Do nasal and nasopharyngeal obstruction and their medical-surgical deobstruction significantly influence facial divergence? A concise review of major clinical studies with meta-analysis].

Introduction: The term « adenoid facies » suggests a causal relationship between nasopharyngeal obstruction and facial hyperdivergence in growing subjects. The strength of this association is controversial and few « quantified » values exist.

Materials And Methods: A rapid electronic search was conducted on PubMed and Embase to find the main cephalometric studies involving patients with nasal/nasopharyngeal obstruction compared to a control sample.

[The influence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome on orthodontic treatment decisions in children and adolescents. Part 1: OSA phenotypes, treatment temporality and reciprocal effects on growth].

Introduction: Pediatric OSAS is a complex condition, comprising a plurality of clinical signs, complicated by the phenomena of growth. Its etiology is dominated by the hypertrophy of lymphoid organs, but obesity and certain craniofacial and neuromuscular tone abnormalities also contribute.

Material And Method: The authors summarize the interrelations between pediatric OSAS endotypes, phenotypes and orthodontic anomalies.

[The influence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome on the orthodontic treatment decision in children and adolescents. Part 2 : Which orthodontic treatments for children with apnea?].

Introduction: Sleep-disordered breathing could affect 10% of an orthodontic population. The integration of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) diagnosis could influence the choice of orthodontic techniques or their implementation, with the aim of improving ventilatory function.

Material And Method: The author summarizes the clinical studies using dentofacial orthopedics, alone or in combination with other interventions, in pediatric OSAS or the repercussions of orthodontic interventions on upper airways.

The Effectiveness of Different Irrigation Techniques on Debris and Smear Layer Removal in Primary Mandibular Second Molars: An Study.

Aims: The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), sonic irrigation, and mechanic dynamic activation on the removal of debris and smear layer from primary mandibular second molars during pulpectomy.

Materials And Methods: Mesial roots of 48 primary mandibular second molars were prepared with an R-motion 21 mm file (30/0.04) (FKG Dentaire SA, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland), irrigated with 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and divided into four groups ( = 24 canals) according to the final irrigation activation technique: control group without activation, PUI with Ultra-X (Eighteeth, Changzhou, China), mechanical activation with XP-endo Finisher (FKG), and sonic irrigation with EQ-S (Meta Biomed, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea).

How French dentists manage defective restorations: Evidence from ReCOL the French dental practice-based research network--A survey study.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to describe the knowledge, opinions and practices about the defective restoration (DR) management of French general dental practitioners (GDPs).

Methods: A cross-sectional, online survey-based study was carried out amongst 378 GDPs - members of the dental practice-based research network in France (ReCOL). Bivariate comparisons were made using Fisher's exact test to assess the association of the respondent characteristics (age, gender…) with the decision to repair DRs, and responses to clinical cases.

Palatal brushing for the treatment of denture stomatitis: A multicentre randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of palatal brushing in the treatment of denture-related erythematous stomatitis (DES) in complete denture wearers.

Methods: This two-parallel-arm RCT was conducted in three university clinics in Brazil, Canada, and Chile. Participants (n=77) were randomly allocated to receive (i) instructions for palatal brushing and standard oral/denture hygiene ("intervention"); or (ii) standard oral/denture hygiene instructions only ("control").

The aversive value of pain in human decision-making.

Background: In order to decide between avoiding pain or pursuing competing rewards, pain must be assigned an abstract value that can be traded against that of competing goods. To assess the relationship between subjectively perceived pain and its value, we conducted an experiment where participants had to accept or decline different intensities of painful electric shocks in exchange of monetary rewards.

Methods: Participants (n = 90) were divided into three groups that were exposed to different distributions of monetary rewards.

Phage Cocktail Development against subsp. Strains Is Compromised by a Prophage.

Aquaculture is a rapidly growing food production sector. Fish farmers are experiencing increasing problems with antibiotic resistance when fighting against pathogenic bacteria such as subsp. , the causative agent of furunculosis.

Role of neutrophils, platelets, and extracellular vesicles and their interactions in COVID-19-associated thrombopathy.

The COVID-19 pandemic extended all around the world causing millions of deaths. In addition to acute respiratory distress syndrome, many patients with severe COVID-19 develop thromboembolic complications associated to multiorgan failure and death. Here, we review evidence for the contribution of neutrophils, platelets, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) to the thromboinflammatory process in COVID-19.

A hydride transfer complex reprograms NAD metabolism and bypasses senescence.

Metabolic rewiring and redox balance play pivotal roles in cancer. Cellular senescence is a barrier for tumorigenesis circumvented in cancer cells by poorly understood mechanisms. We report a multi-enzymatic complex that reprograms NAD metabolism by transferring reducing equivalents from NADH to NADP.

Script concordance tests: A call for action in dental education.

The Script Concordance Test (SCT) is an educational tool that aims to assess the ability to interpret medical information under conditions of uncertainty. It is widely used and validated in health education, but almost unknown in dentistry. Based on authentic clinical problem-solving situations, it allows to assess clinical reasoning that experienced health workers develop over the years.

Inter-individual predictors of pain inhibition during performance of a competing cognitive task.

The main function of pain is to automatically draw attention towards sources of potential injury. However, pain sometimes needs to be inhibited in order to address or pursue more relevant tasks. Elucidating the factors that influence how people manage this relationship between pain and task performance is essential to understanding the disruptive nature of pain and its variability between individuals.

Restorative thresholds for primary and permanent molars in children: French dentist decisions.

Background: Worldwide, numerous surveys have investigated practices and knowledge about caries management in adults, but few are available for children.

Aim: The present cross-sectional survey aimed to assess the restorative thresholds (RTs) in primary and permanent molars in children used by a population of dentists treating children and practicing in France.

Design: The study population consisted of French dentists treating children (Fr-DTCs) who were registered in the French Society of Pediatric Dentistry (n = 250).