A Primary Health Care-Anchored Migrant Right to Health: Insights from a Qualitative Study in Colombia.

In recent years there has been a sustained rise in the number of international migrants, and scholarship and practice have increasingly focused on the relationship between health and migration. However, the entitlement to state-subsidized services for migrants with precarious or irregular legal status, often fleeing distressing living conditions, is typically limited to emergency lifesaving health treatment, with nonstate programs attempting to complement this constrained approach. This paper asks whether a primary health care (PHC) approach could serve as a blueprint for institutional priority-setting and for the realization of human rights obligations to help states meet their core international commitments regarding migrant health rights.

Politicians, power, and the people's health: US elections and state health outcomes, 2012-2024.

Our descriptive study examined current associations (2022-2024) between US state-level health outcomes and 4 US state-level political metrics: 2 rarely used in public health research (political ideology of elected representatives based on voting records; trifectas, where 1 party controls the executive and legislative branches) and 2 more commonly used (state policies enacted; voter political lean). The 8 health outcomes spanned the life course: infant mortality, premature mortality (death at age <65), health insurance (adults aged 35-64), vaccination for children and persons aged ≥65 (flu; COVID-19 booster), maternity care deserts, and food insecurity. For the first 3 outcomes, we also examined trends in associations (2012-2024).

Addressing the Health Impacts of Racism on Children and Youth: Equity Until Equality.

Race is a sociopolitical construct based on physical characteristics, not a biological construct. Racism is a system that ascribes value and resources based on the sociopolitical construct called "race." In the United States and other countries around the world, racism is associated with disparate health outcomes and shortened life expectancies.

An engagement framework for the authentic co-design of a consent and healthy relationships intervention with upper-secondary students.

Introduction: The objective of this demand driven research is to co-design an intervention for upper-secondary students that addresses issues of consent and healthy relationships. In this paper, we (university researchers, student co-researchers, school staff), present the engagement framework that has been critical to the project's development and planned implementation.

Methods: An iterative co-design approach grounded in a participatory research approach is currently being adopted.

Lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic to strengthen NCD care and policy in humanitarian settings: a mixed methods study exploring humanitarian actors' experiences.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and response severely impacted people living with non-communicable diseases (PLWNCDs) globally. It exacerbated pre-existing health inequalities, severely disrupted access to care, and worsened clinical outcomes for PLWNCDs, who were at higher risk of morbidity and mortality from the virus. The pandemic's effects were likely magnified in humanitarian settings, where there were pre-existing gaps in continuity of care for non-communicable diseases (NCDs).

Prolonged Boarding and Racial Discrimination and Dissatisfaction Among Emergency Department Patients.

Importance: Emergency department (ED) boarding times have increased rapidly, but their health equity outcomes are unknown.

Objective: To investigate whether prolonged ED boarding is associated with increased perceived racial discrimination and dissatisfaction and whether associations vary between patients from marginalized racial and ethnic groups vs non-Hispanic White patients.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This is a cross-sectional study of hospitalized adults who boarded in the ED during internal medicine admissions at a large, urban hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, from June 2023 to January 2024.

Visualizing Neighborhood COVID-19 Levels, Trends, and Inequities in Wastewater: An Equity-Centered Approach and Comparison to CDC Methods.

Context: Monitoring neighborhood-level SARS-CoV-2 wastewater concentrations can help guide public health interventions and provide early warning ahead of lagging COVID-19 clinical indicators. To date, however, U.S.

Social support receipt as a predictor of mortality: A cohort study in rural South Africa.

The mechanisms connecting various types of social support to mortality have been well-studied in high-income countries. However, less is known about how these relationships function in different socioeconomic contexts. We examined how four domains of social support-emotional, physical, financial, and informational-impact mortality within a sample of older adults living in a rural and resource-constrained setting.

Spatial Accessibility and Uptake of Pediatric COVID-19 Vaccinations by Social Vulnerability.

Background And Objectives: Geographic accessibility predicts pediatric preventive care utilization, including vaccine uptake. However, spatial inequities in the pediatric coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination rollout remain underexplored. We assessed the spatial accessibility of vaccination sites and analyzed predictors of vaccine uptake.

Race as a Risk Marker, Not a Risk Factor: Revising Race-Based Algorithms to Protect Racially Oppressed Patients.

Emerging consensus in the medical and public health spheres encourages removing race and ethnicity from algorithms used in clinical decision-making. Although clinical algorithms remain appealing given their promise to lighten the cognitive load of medical practice and save time for providers, they risk exacerbating existing health disparities. Race is a strong risk marker of health outcomes, yet it is not a risk factor.

Farming, finance and family: factors associated with anxiety, depression and stress among Western Australian farmers.

Farming is a challenging, stressful and rewarding occupation involving many factors that are beyond farmers' control. The aim of this study was to investigate correlates associated with the anxiety, depression and stress of farmers in Western Australia. Farmers and farm residents (N = 124) completed an online survey assessing anxiety, depression, stress, farming stressors, social supports, coping strategies and sense of belonging.

The Locations of Palestine and the U.S. in the Global Map of Homelessness: Part I.

It's now well appreciated that social determinants of health are the strongest predictors of our health and well-being. A good argument could be made that housing is at the top of the pyramid of these determinants. And, surprisingly, housing is also the social determinant that could rapidly turn on a dime-that is, with sufficient political will, creating access to housing could be radically expanded in short order.

Performance of ChatGPT and Google Translate for Pediatric Discharge Instruction Translation.

Background And Objectives: Patients who speak languages other than English face barriers to equitable healthcare delivery. Machine translation systems, including emerging large language models, have the potential to expand access to translation services, but their merits and limitations in clinical practice remain poorly defined. We aimed to assess the performance of Google Translate and ChatGPT for multilingual translation of pediatric discharge instructions.

'Nowhere and no one is safe': spatial analysis of damage to critical civilian infrastructure in the Gaza Strip during the first phase of the Israeli military campaign, 7 October to 22 November 2023.

Background: Since the Hamas attacks in Israel on 7 October 2023, the Israeli military has launched an assault in the Gaza Strip, which included over 12,000 targets struck and over 25,000 tons of incendiary munitions used by 2 November 2023. The objectives of this study include: (1) the descriptive and inferential spatial analysis of damage to critical civilian infrastructure (health, education, and water facilities) across the Gaza Strip during the first phase of the military campaign, defined as 7 October to 22 November 2023 and (2) the analysis of damage clustering around critical civilian infrastructure to explore broader questions about Israel's adherence to International Humanitarian Law (IHL).

Methods: We applied multi-temporal coherent change detection on Copernicus Sentinel 1-A Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery to detect signals indicative of damage to the built environment through 22 November 2023.

Neighborhood eviction trajectories and odds of moderate and serious psychological distress during pregnancy among African American women.

African American mothers are unjustly burdened by both residential evictions and psychological distress. We quantified associations between trajectories of neighborhood evictions over time and the odds of moderate and serious psychological distress (MPD and SPD, respectively) during pregnancy among African American women. We linked publicly available data on neighborhood eviction filing and judgment rates to preconception and during-pregnancy addresses from the Life-course Influences on Fetal Environments (LIFE) Study (2009-2011; n = 808).

Sea-level rise and mental health among coastal communities: A quantitative survey and conditional process analysis.

This is the first large-scale empirical study examining the impact of sea-level rise induced by climate change on mental health outcomes among coastal communities. The study focuses on Bangladesh, a country severely affected by salinity ingress, flood risks, and agricultural damage due to sea-level changes. Participants ( = 1,200) randomly selected from three coastal regions each having high, moderate, or low vulnerability to sea-level rise were surveyed during the pre-monsoon season in 2021.