Enabling next-generation engineered TCR-T therapies based on high-throughput TCR discovery from diagnostic tumor biopsies.

Adoptive cell therapy with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) can mediate tumor regression, including complete and durable responses, in a range of solid cancers, most notably in melanoma. However, its wider application and efficacy has been restricted by the limited accessibility, proliferative capacity and effector function of tumor-specific TIL. Here, we develop a platform for the efficient identification of tumor-specific TCR genes from diagnostic tumor biopsies, including core-needle biopsies frozen in a non-viable format, to enable engineered T cell therapy.

Experimental bilayer zirconia systems after aging: Mechanical, optical, and microstructural characterization.

Objectives: To characterize two experimental zirconia bilayer materials compared to their monolithic controls, before and after hydrothermal aging.

Methods: Commercial zirconia powders were utilized to fabricate two bilayer materials: 3Y-TZP+ 5Y-PSZ (3Y+5Y/BI) and 4Y-PSZ+ 5Y-PSZ (4Y+5Y/BI), alongside control groups 3Y-TZP (3Y/C), 4Y-PSZ (4Y/C), and 5Y-PSZ (5Y/C). Compacted specimens were sintered (1550 °C- 2 h, 3 °C/min), and half of them underwent hydrothermal aging (134 °C-20h, 2.

Diagnostic models to differentiate Takotsubo syndrome from acute coronary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: Differentiation between patients with Takotsubo syndrome and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains a challenge. We performed a systematic review to identify and evaluate diagnostic predictive models to distinguish both conditions.

Methods And Results: We performed an electronic search in PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus until January 2024.

Cystic Breast Disease: What to Do When It's Not So Cystic.

Cystic breast masses are a common entity encountered by breast radiologists. The imaging features of benign and malignant cystic masses may overlap, causing confusion and miscategorization with the potential to produce diagnostic delay and harm. This article provides a review of key differentiating imaging features that help guide appropriate mass characterization and treatment.

Exercise type and settings, quality of life, and mental health in coronary artery disease: a network meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Individuals with coronary artery disease have poorer mental health, health-related quality of life (HR-QoL), and cognition compared with (age-matched) controls. Exercise training may attenuate these effects. The aim is to systematically review and meta-analyse the effects of different exercise types and settings on brain structure/function, cognition, HR-QoL, mental health (e.

Toward curing neurological autoimmune disorders: Biomarkers, immunological mechanisms, and therapeutic targets.

Autoimmune neurology is a rapidly expanding field driven by the discovery of neuroglial autoantibodies and encompassing a myriad of conditions affecting every level of the nervous system. Traditionally, autoantibodies targeting intracellular antigens are considered markers of T cell-mediated cytotoxicity, while those targeting extracellular antigens are viewed as pathogenic drivers of disease. However, recent advances highlight complex interactions between these immune mechanisms, suggesting a continuum of immunopathogenesis.

Algorithmic Audits in Sports Medicine: An Examination of the SpartaScienceTM Force Plate System.

Introduction: Force plate systems are increasingly utilized in the armed forces that claim to identify individuals at risk of musculoskeletal injury. However, factors influencing injury risk scores from a force plate system (SpartaScienceTM), and the effects of experimental perturbations on these scores, remain unclear.

Methods: Healthy males (n = 823; 22.

Mediation analysis identifies causal factors that lead to increased rates of kidney transplant failure in patients with peripheral vascular disease.

Background: This study aims to identify causal mediators of one-year kidney transplant failure in patients with peripheral vascular disease.

Methods: Standard Transplant Analysis and Research database was queried for adults who underwent kidney transplantation from 1987 to 2021. Multi-organ transplant, prior transplant, and living donor kidneys were excluded.

Cell viability assessment by using GelRed/SYTO 9-based double staining.

Cell viability assessment plays a crucial role in biological research, pharmaceutical development, and toxicological identification. Here, we used GelRed, a sensitive and safer nucleic acid dye, to selectively label dead cells with red fluorescence (FL) thus distinguishing dead cells from live ones. Further more, the combined use of GelRed and SYTO 9 (another nucleic acid dye) enabled the clear differentiation in FL spectra between the two physiological statuses.

Modeling, synthesis and cell-based evaluation of pyridine-substituted analogs of CD3254 and fluorinated analogs of CBt-PMN as novel therapeutics.

Six pyridine analogs of (E)-3-(3-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,1,4,4,6-pentamethylnaphthalen-7-yl)-4-hydroxyphenyl)acrylic acid-or CD3254 (11)-in addition to two novel analogs of 1-(3,5,5,8,8-pentamethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl)-1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole-5-carboxylic acid (CBt-PMN or 23) were prepared and evaluated for selective retinoid-X-receptor (RXR) agonism alongside bexarotene (1), an FDA-approved drug for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). Treatment with 1 often elicits side-effects by disrupting or provoking other RXR-dependent nuclear receptors and cellular pathways. All analogs were assessed through modeling for their ability to bind RXR and then evaluated in human colon and kidney cells employing an RXR-RXR mammalian-2-hybrid (M2H) system and in an RXRE-controlled transcriptional assay.

PET-CT-based host metabolic (PETMet) features are associated with pathologic response in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma.

Background: F-FDG PET-CT-based host metabolic (PETMet) profiling of non-tumor tissue is a novel approach to incorporate the patient-specific response to cancer into clinical algorithms.

Materials And Methods: A prospectively maintained institutional database of gastroesophageal cancer patients was queried for pretreatment PET-CTs, demographics, and clinicopathologic variables. F-FDG PET avidity was measured in 9 non-tumor tissue types (liver, spleen, 4 muscles, 3 fat locations).

Diabetes Endothelial Keratoplasty Study: Methods and Impact on the Use of Corneas From Donors With Diabetes for Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty.

Purpose: Describe aims, methods, characteristics of donors, donor corneas and recipients, and potential impact of the Diabetes Endothelial Keratoplasty Study (DEKS).

Methods: The DEKS is a randomized, clinical trial to assess graft success and endothelial cell density (ECD) 1 year after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) using corneas from donors with versus without diabetes in a 1:2 minimization assignment. Diabetes severity in the donor is assessed by medical history, postmortem HbA1c, and donor skin advanced glycation end-products and oxidation markers.

Spatiotemporal gait parameters influencing functional mobility of people with lower limb amputation.

Background: Walking speed is a measure of functional mobility that is relatively easy to quantify. In people with lower limb amputation, reduced walking speed has been linked with specific atypical spatiotemporal gait parameters. However, the influence of atypical spatiotemporal gait parameters on the walking speed of people with unilateral transtibial amputation (TTA) and transfemoral amputation (TFA) remains unclear.

Buparlisib and Paclitaxel in Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Immunogenomic Biomarkers of Efficacy from the BERIL-1 Study.

Background: BERIL-1 was a randomized phase 2 study that studied paclitaxel with either buparlisib, a pan-class I PIK3 inhibitor, or placebo in patients with recurrent or metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC). Considering the therapeutic paradigm shift with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) now approved in the first-line setting, we present an updated immunogenomic analysis of patients enrolled in BERIL-1, including patients with immune-infiltrated tumors.

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify biomarkers predictive of treatment efficacy in the context of the post-ICI therapeutic landscape.

Predictive Optimization of Patient No-Show Management in Primary Healthcare Using Machine Learning.

The "no-show" problem in healthcare refers to the prevalent phenomenon where patients schedule appointments with healthcare providers but fail to attend them without prior cancellation or rescheduling. In addressing this issue, our study delves into a multivariate analysis over a five-year period involving 21,969 patients. Our study introduces a predictive model framework that offers a holistic approach to managing the no-show problem in healthcare, incorporating elements into the objective function that address not only the accurate prediction of no-shows but also the management of service capacity, overbooking, and idle resource allocation resulting from mispredictions.

Exploring the synergistic effect of NaOH/NaClO absorbent in a novel wet FGD scrubber to control SOx/NOx emissions.

Escalating SOx and NOx emissions from industrial plants necessitates customized scrubbing solutions to improve removal efficiency and tackle cost limitations in existing wet FGD units. This work investigates the real-time intensified removal pathways via an innovative two-stage countercurrent spray tower configuration strategically integrating NaOH (M) and NaOH/NaClO (M/M) to remove SOx and NOx emissions simultaneously from the industrial stack through a comprehensive parametric study of absorbents concentration, reaction temperature, gas flow rate, liquid to gas ratio (F/F), and absorbent showering head. Flue gas stream comprising SO bearing 4500 ppm, SO bearing 300 ppm, 70 ppm NO, and 50 ppm NO brought into contact with two scrubbing solutions as M, and a complex absorbent of M/M at varying respective ratios.

Impact of trauma center status on radiology resident performance in detecting non-accidental trauma on the WIDI SIM exam.

Purpose: To evaluate whether adult and pediatric trauma center status, as well as the presence of dedicated child protection teams, influences radiology resident performance in detecting non-accidental trauma on the Emergent/Critical Care Imaging Simulation (WIDI SIM) exam.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 639 WIDI SIM exam scores for four pediatric non-accidental trauma cases completed by radiology residents across 33 programs. Residents were stratified by level (R1-R4) and institutional factors, including adult trauma center status, pediatric trauma center status, and child protection team presence.

PET/CT-based target volume definition in involved-site radiotherapy for treatment of early-stage nodal follicular lymphoma.

Purpose: Recent advancements in imaging, particularly 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography-computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT), have improved the detection of involved lymph nodes, thus influencing staging accuracy and potentially treatment outcomes. This study is a post hoc analysis of the GAZAI trial data to evaluate the impact of FDG-PET/CT versus computed tomography (CT) alone on radiation target volumes for involved-site radiotherapy (IS-RT) in early-stage follicular lymphoma (FL).

Methods: All patients in the GAZAI trial underwent pretherapeutic FDG-PET/CT examinations, which were subject to central quality control.

A Neighborhood-Level Hispanic Paradox: the Interaction between Hispanic Density, Neighborhood Disadvantage, and Survival in Breast Cancer Patients.

Background: To evaluate the impact of Hispanic ethnic enclaves (EE) on the relationship between neighborhood disadvantage and overall survival (OS) in breast cancer (BCa) patients.

Methods: Data from BCa patients with stage I-IV disease diagnosed between 2005-2017 was used to analyze the effects of Area Deprivation Index (ADI) scores, a measure of neighborhood disadvantage, and census-tract level Hispanic density, a measure of EE, on OS using mixed-effects Cox regression models. The final model included the following individual-level factors (age, income, race, Hispanic/Latino origin, nativity, insurance status, and comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, and body mass index) and clinical factors (National Comprehensive Cancer Network guideline-concordant treatment, stage, and receptor subtype).

Cancer Incidence in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) - The Onco-SOL Ancillary Study.

Background: Few studies have examined how cancer incidence varies by country of origin among United States Hispanic/Latino adults. Herein, we describe the incidence rates of cancer overall and for screen-detectable, tobacco-related, and obesity-related cancers among 16,415 participants in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), an ongoing population-based cohort study of Hispanic/Latino adults from diverse backgrounds.

Methods: Cohort participant records were linked to the state cancer registries in New York, Florida, California, and Illinois to ascertain cancer incidence from baseline (2008-2011) through 2021.

Enhancing the Use of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid in Fluorescence-guided Surgery for High-grade Glioma: An Expert Nurse Practitioner Opinion-based Approach.

Purpose: This report details the recommendations of a Nursing Best Practice Working Group, which aims to advance best practice in the use of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) in patients with high-grade glioma (HGG).

Design: Quality Improvement Project.

Methods: These recommendations were gathered during a meeting of a Nursing Best Practice Working Group comprising expert nurses and practice administrators from five US centers of excellence in the management of HGG.

Improvement in Temple Hollowing with VYC-20L Hyaluronic Acid Filler: A Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Trial of Safety and Effectiveness.

Background: Temple hollowing is characterized by the reduction of volume in the temporal fossa, which can result in a skeletonized look and contribute to an aged appearance. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the VYC-20L injectable gel for improvement of temple hollowing.

Methods: Adults with minimal, moderate, or severe temple hollows were randomized 2:1 to receive VYC-20L or no treatment.