D-allulose enhances lipid oxidation in HepG2 cells via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα).

Lipid accumulation in hepatocytes in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is attributed partly to loss of insulin-responsiveness and/or an increased pro-inflammatory state. Since the rare sugar D-allulose has insulin mimetic and anti-inflammatory properties, its effects on lipid accumulation in liver-derived cells was tested. In HepG2 cells exposed to 200 μM oleic acid for 72 h, D-allulose treatment decreased intracellular lipid accumulation with an IC = 0.

Rhythmic EEG patterns: The oldest idea in the EEG world, but without an obvious definition.

The word "rhythmic" was quickly introduced in the vocabulary of the electroencephalographers with the discovery of the alpha rhythm and typical discharges of spike-and-waves at 3 Hz in childhood absence epilepsy, but without any definition until recently. In its last revision (2017), the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology proposed a specific definition. The word "rhythmic" is "applied to regular waves occurring at a constant period and of relatively uniform morphology.

Six-month Rituximab-Lenalidomide regimen in advanced untreated Follicular Lymphoma: SAKK 35/10 Trial 10-year Update.

The Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK) and the Nordic Lymphoma Group (NLG) conducted the SAKK 35/10 randomized phase-2 trial (NCT0137605) to compare rituximab (R) alone versus R plus lenalidomide (L) as initial treatment for follicular lymphoma (FL). Patients with grade 1-3a FL, requiring systemic therapy, were randomized to either R (n=77; 375 mg/m2 IV x 1, weeks 1-4) or RL (n=77; R on the same schedule and L at 15 mg daily continuously). Responders (evaluated at 10 weeks) repeated R during weeks 12-15 with or without L (for a total of 18 weeks).

At least four groups of kratom consumers in the United States: latent-class analysis of motivations for kratom use.

Kratom is a plant with alkaloids acting at opioid, serotonergic, adrenergic, and other receptors. Consumers report numerous use motivations. To distinguish subgroups of kratom consumers by kratom-use motivations using latent-class analysis.

Using Large Language Models to Detect and Understand Drug Discontinuation Events in Web-Based Forums: Development and Validation Study.

Background: The implementation of large language models (LLMs), such as BART (Bidirectional and Auto-Regressive Transformers) and GPT-4, has revolutionized the extraction of insights from unstructured text. These advancements have expanded into health care, allowing analysis of social media for public health insights. However, the detection of drug discontinuation events (DDEs) remains underexplored.

The patient and caregiver experience of CAR T-cell therapy: A qualitative analysis.

Background/purpose: Immunotherapies, such as CAR-T, have revolutionized cancer treatment for some cancers. However, these treatments often require active participation of a family member or friend to act as a caregiver at home for several weeks after infusion. Given the novelty of CAR-T, there is a need to better understand the experience of patients receiving these treatments and their caregivers.

Growth hormone-releasing hormone signaling and manifestations within the cardiovascular system.

Growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone (GHRH), a hypothalamic peptide initially characterized for its role in GH regulation, has gained increasing attention due to its GH-independent action on peripheral physiology, including that of the cardiovascular system. While its effects on the peripheral vasculature are still under investigation, GHRH and synthetic agonists have exhibited remarkable receptor-mediated cardioprotective properties in preclinical models. GHRH and its analogs enhance myocardial function by improving contractility, reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and offsetting pathological remodeling.

Topical Medications for Chronic Itch in Older Patients: Navigating a Pressing Need.

Chronic itch in older patients is a common problem, with a significant impact on quality of life. Chronic itch in the older population may be attributable to several causes, such as age-related changes, skin conditions, systemic conditions, medications, and psychological conditions. Given the complexity of itch in this population, comorbidities, and polypharmacy in most geriatric patients, treating chronic itch can be challenging for healthcare providers.

Point-counterpoint: should sedation be used for image-guided biopsies?

Cross-sectional interventional radiology procedures can be performed using a range of techniques with approaches varying across institutions. One area in which practices for these procedures may differ is in the use of moderate sedation. This perspective discusses the pros and cons of using moderate sedation for deep organ biopsies commonly experienced in radiology departments.

An explainable transformer model integrating PET and tabular data for histologic grading and prognosis of follicular lymphoma: a multi-institutional digital biopsy study.

Background: Pathological grade is a critical determinant of clinical outcomes and decision-making of follicular lymphoma (FL). This study aimed to develop a deep learning model as a digital biopsy for the non-invasive identification of FL grade.

Methods: This study retrospectively included 513 FL patients from five independent hospital centers, randomly divided into training, internal validation, and external validation cohorts.

METTL7A improves bovine IVF embryo competence by attenuating oxidative stress.

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a widely used assisted reproductive technology to achieve a successful pregnancy. However, the acquisition of oxidative stress in embryo in vitro culture impairs its competence. Here, we demonstrated that a nuclear coding gene, methyltransferase-like protein 7A (METTL7A), improves the developmental potential of bovine embryos.

Intense, self-induced sustainable microwave plasma using carbon nanotubes made from CO.

An intense, microwave-driven plasma is triggered and sustained with carbon nanotubes made directly from CO. Purification is one of many prospective energy applications. Self-purification of molten carbonate split CO synthesized CNTs is 100× quicker, consumes 10× less power, and produces higher purity than with conventional plasma treatment.

Berlin Heart EXCOR sVAD implantation technique for neonates and infants with functionally univentricular ductal-dependent systemic circulation.

The Berlin Heart EXCOR is a pulsatile paracorporeal ventricular assist device (VAD) for neonates, infants, children and adults with congenital or acquired severe ventricular dysfunction. Berlin Heart EXCOR VADs are routinely used as either a bridge to a cardiac transplantation, or occasionally as a bridge to ventricular recovery. Our programmatic philosophy is to bridge neonates and infants with functionally univentricular ductal-dependent systemic circulation or functionally univentricular ductal-dependent pulmonary circulation who are at high risk for staged palliation because of important cardiac risk factors with a single-ventricle VAD (sVAD) as a bridge to a cardiac transplant.

Evaluating allograft risk models in organ transplantation: Understanding and balancing model discrimination and calibration.

In the field of organ transplantation, the accurate assessment of donor organ quality is necessary to efficient organ allocation and to informed consent for recipients. A common approach to organ quality assessment is the development of statistical models that accurately predict post-transplant survival by integrating multiple characteristics of the donor and allograft. Despite the proliferation of predictive models across many domains of medicine, many physicians may have limited familiarity with how these models are built, the assessment of how well models function in their population and the risks of a poorly performing model.

Evaluating the relationship between marijuana use, aggressive behaviors, and victimization: an epidemiological study in colombian adolescents.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the relationship between marijuana use and aggression and victimization among Colombian adolescents. We aimed to clarify marijuana's distinct role by comparing different categories of drug use and by considering the order of drug initiation.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of nationally representative cross-sectional data collected from Colombian adolescents in 2016.

Transforming Early Stroke Care Through Mobile Stroke Treatment Unit Rendezvous With Rural Emergency Medical Services.

Background: Mobile stroke units, also sometimes called Mobile Stroke Treatment Units (MSTUs) are changing the paradigm of acute stroke care and are considered to be an extension of the time is brain concept. Of the <20 active Mobile Stroke Programs in the United States, most are rooted in urban settings. In July 2023, the first MSTU in Florida was launched in Alachua County, implementing a unique and innovative rendezvous process with rural emergency medical services (EMS).

Fixed start method for repetitive project scheduling with simulated annealing.

This research deals with the high project completion variability by presenting a new method to decrease such variability in repetitive construction projects. To achieve this, a Fixed Start Method (FSM) -where the starts of each activity with a high level of probabilistic confidence for the planned project duration are fixed- was applied, where the high level of probabilistic confidence obtained was optimized with the use of the metaheuristic algorithm called Simulated Annealing (SA). This procedure evaluated the project completion in a case study based on the coefficient of variance (COV) of the resulting standard deviation, mean, and temperature selected for the SA.

Association of player position and functional connectivity alterations in collegiate American football players: an fMRI study.

Introduction: Resting state-fMRI, provides a sensitive method for detecting changes in brain functional integrity, both with respect to regional oxygenated blood flow and whole network connectivity. The primary goal of this report was to examine alterations in functional connectivity in collegiate American football players after a season of repetitive head impact exposure.

Methods: Collegiate football players completed a rs-fMRI at pre-season and 1 week into post-season.

Quality of undifferentiated chest pain evaluation and diagnosis guidelines: a systematic review and critical appraisal.

Chest pain is a symptom that is potentially life-threatening and requires quick and accurate evaluations. This article describes the quality of guidelines related to the evaluation and diagnosis of acute, undifferentiated chest pain. After systematically evaluating existing guidelines, we found that there exists a wide variety of quality in these documents.

Assessing the Benefit of a Digital Pain Alert System in a Community Hospital.

Introduction: In the last decade, clinical alert systems were developed for clinical use, including patient deterioration and other urgent clinical situations. However, investigations focusing on digital pain alert systems to assess and manage pain on time in in-hospital patients are scarce. The objective of the study was to assess the implementation of digital pain alerts in the various departments of a community hospital.

Endophytic strategies decoded by genome and transcriptome analysis of strain NQ8GII4.

Introduction: strain NQ8GII4 is an endophytic fungus with significant potential for improving growth and disease resistance of alfalfa. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the symbiotic relationship between NQ8GII4 and alfalfa roots remain poorly understood.

Methods: In this study, we conducted (1) a comparative genomic analysis of selected saprophytic, pathogenic, and endophytic fungi, including molecular phylogeny analysis, whole-genome alignment, and divergence date estimation positioning, and (2) transcriptomic profiling of alfalfa roots infected with NQ8GII4.

Not getting better but not getting worse: A cluster randomized controlled pilot trial of a leadership implementation strategy.

Background: Implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs) in schools is fraught with challenges. Even when EBPs are initiated, deterioration of implementation efforts often hinders their long-term success. School leadership behaviors can influence teachers' EBP implementation.

Case Report: Targeted treatment by fluoxetine/norfluoxetine of a variant causing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy.

The Kv3.2 subfamily of voltage activated potassium channels encoded by the gene is abundantly expressed in neurons that fire trains of fast action potentials that are a major source of cortical inhibition. Gain-of-function (GOF) pathogenic variants in and , encoding Kv3.

Mechanisms of vagus nerve stimulation for the treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders: a focus on microglia and neuroinflammation.

The vagus nerve (VN) is the primary parasympathetic nerve, providing two-way communication between the body and brain through a network of afferent and efferent fibers. Evidence suggests that altered VN signaling is linked to changes in the neuroimmune system, including microglia. Dysfunction of microglia, the resident innate immune cells of the brain, is associated with various neurodevelopmental disorders, including schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and epilepsy.