742 results match your criteria: "FI-00014 University of Helsinki[Affiliation]"

Background: Structural analysis of soft biological tissues is conventionally done with destructive 2D histology. 3D information can be accessed with non-invasive imaging methods, such as X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). While attenuation-based X-ray imaging alone does not provide reasonable contrast with soft-tissue samples, the combination with contrast-enhancing staining has proven effective.

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Systematics and taxonomy of the gelechioid subfamily Coelopoetinae are reviewed. Following the current classification, this group is considered to form its own monotypic subfamily in Pterolonchidae with one recognized genus, Coelopoeta, after a convoluted and, in part, arguably conjectural, historical systematic treatment. On morphological basis (appearance, male genitalia) and with support from DNA barcodes, the genus is divided into two discrete units probably meriting recognition as separate genera.

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We extend the QCD Parton Model analysis using a factorized nuclear structure model incorporating individual nucleons and pairs of correlated nucleons. Our analysis of high-energy data from lepton deep-inelastic scattering, Drell-Yan, and W and Z boson production simultaneously extracts the universal effective distribution of quarks and gluons inside correlated nucleon pairs, and their nucleus-specific fractions. Such successful extraction of these universal distributions marks a significant advance in our understanding of nuclear structure properties connecting nucleon- and parton-level quantities.

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Selenium availability in tea: Unraveling the role of microbiota assembly and functions.

Sci Total Environ

November 2024

College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. Electronic address:

Tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) plants have a strong ability to accumulate selenium (Se).

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Multifunctional anti-HIV Fc-fusion proteins aim to tackle HIV efficiently through multiple modes of action. Although results have been promising, these recombinant proteins are hard to produce. This study explored the production and characterization of anti-HIV Fc-fusion proteins in plant-based systems, specifically Nicotiana benthamiana plants and tobacco BY-2 cell suspension.

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Compound-Nucleus and Doorway-State Decays of β-Delayed Neutron Emitters ^{51,52,53}K.

Phys Rev Lett

July 2024

Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China.

We investigated decays of ^{51,52,53}K at the ISOLDE Decay Station at CERN in order to understand the mechanism of the β-delayed neutron-emission (βn) process. The experiment quantified neutron and γ-ray emission paths for each precursor. We used this information to test the hypothesis, first formulated by Bohr in 1939, that neutrons in the βn process originate from the structureless "compound nucleus.

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Ecological genetics of isolated loach populations indicate compromised adaptive potential.

Heredity (Edinb)

August 2024

Area of Ecology and Biodiversity, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Many endangered species live in fragmented and isolated populations with low genetic variability, signs of inbreeding, and small effective population sizes - all features elevating their extinction risk. The flat-headed loach (Oreonectes platycephalus), a small noemacheilid fish, is widely across southern China, but only in the headwaters of hillstreams; as a result, they are spatially isolated from conspecific populations. We surveyed single nucleotide polymorphisms in 16 Hong Kong populations of O.

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X-ray phase-contrast imaging has become a valuable tool for biomedical research due to its improved contrast abilities over regular attenuation-based imaging. The recently emerged Talbot-Lau interferometer can provide quantitative attenuation, phase-contrast and dark-field image data, even with low-brilliance x-ray tube sources. Thus, it has become a valid option for clinical environments.

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Cytotoxicity of pharmaceuticals and their mixtures toward scaffold-free 3D spheroid cultures of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) hepatocytes.

Eur J Pharm Sci

August 2024

Faculty of Pharmacy, Drug Research Program, P.O. Box 56 (Viikinkaari 5E), FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science, P.O. Box 4 (Yliopistonkatu 3), FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. Electronic address:

Pharmaceutical residues are widely detected in surface waters all around the world, causing a range of adverse effects on environmental species, such as fish. Besides population level effects (mortality, reproduction), pharmaceutical residues can bioaccumulate in fish tissues resulting in organ-specific toxicities. In this study, we developed in vitro 3D culture models for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) liver cell line (RTH-149) and cryopreserved, primary rainbow trout hepatocytes (RTHEP), and compared their spheroid formation and susceptibility to toxic impacts of pharmaceuticals.

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Insects are the most diverse group of animals on Earth, yet our knowledge of their diversity, ecology and population trends remains abysmally poor. Four major technological approaches are coming to fruition for use in insect monitoring and ecological research-molecular methods, computer vision, autonomous acoustic monitoring and radar-based remote sensing-each of which has seen major advances over the past years. Together, they have the potential to revolutionize insect ecology, and to make all-taxa, fine-grained insect monitoring feasible across the globe.

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The genus (, ) reconsidered.

Stud Mycol

March 2024

Botany Unit (Mycology), Finnish Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 7, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.

Article Synopsis
  • The text discusses a reclassification of certain genera based on genetic data, proposing a system that recognizes only three primary genera: **A**, **B**, and **C**.
  • It suggests that **A** will be an extensive genus with 128 accepted species, absorbing many former species from other genera, which are now considered synonyms.
  • An updated taxonomy for nine species complexes within genus **A** is provided, describing 17 new species, reinstating 26 older species, and reclassifying 26 currently accepted species as synonyms, along with an identification key for all accepted species.
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Comparison of habitual physical activity in French Bulldogs, Pugs and normocephalic dogs by accelerometry.

Anim Welf

September 2023

Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, PO Box 57, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.

Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) is a major welfare concern in flat-faced dog breeds. As BOAS causes respiratory difficulties and exercise intolerance, it can reduce dogs' daily quality of life (QOL). However, evaluation of QOL in dogs is difficult, and many owners perceive BOAS signs as 'normal' for the breed.

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Dissecting the genetic architecture of quantitative traits using genome-wide identity-by-descent sharing.

Mol Ecol

March 2024

Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Additive and dominance genetic variances underlying the expression of quantitative traits are important quantities for predicting short-term responses to selection, but they are notoriously challenging to estimate in most non-model wild populations. Specifically, large-sized or panmictic populations may be characterized by low variance in genetic relatedness among individuals which, in turn, can prevent accurate estimation of quantitative genetic parameters. We used estimates of genome-wide identity-by-descent (IBD) sharing from autosomal SNP loci to estimate quantitative genetic parameters for ecologically important traits in nine-spined sticklebacks (Pungitius pungitius) from a large, outbred population.

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Alcohol use-associated alterations in the circulating metabolite profile in the general population and in individuals with major depressive disorder.

Alcohol

November 2024

Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; R&D Department, Division of Mental Health Services, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway; Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 20, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.

Our aim was to evaluate whether alcohol use is associated with changes in the circulating metabolite profile similar to those present in persons with depression. If so, these findings could partially explain the link between alcohol use and depression. We applied a targeted liquid chromatography mass spectrometry method to evaluate correlates between concentrations of 86 circulating metabolites and self-reported alcohol use in a cohort of the non-depressed general population (GP) (n = 247) and a cohort of individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) (n = 99).

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In individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D), comorbid depression leads to increased health care costs and unsatisfactory treatment outcomes. Supporting healthy behaviors and self-efficacy might provide means to prevent depressive symptoms. We assessed the effects of motivational interviewing (MI) - based self-care promotion that specifically targets health behaviors, on depressive symptoms in adults with T2D.

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Regulation of plant epigenetic memory in response to cold and heat stress: towards climate resilient agriculture.

Funct Integr Genomics

September 2023

Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China.

Plants have evolved to adapt and grow in hot and cold climatic conditions. Some also adapt to daily and seasonal temperature changes. Epigenetic modifications play an important role in regulating plant tolerance under such conditions.

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Negative energy status in early lactation is linked to a variety of metabolic disorders, reduced fertility, and decreased milk production. To improve the energy status of cows by breeding and management, the identification of negative energy status is crucial. While biomarkers such as non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentration and beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) in blood plasma could be used to identify a negative energy state, measuring them directly from blood is both invasive and expensive.

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Use of GWAS analysis in deciphering the inability of barley seeds to germinate after hypoxia.

J Exp Bot

August 2023

University of Helsinki, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.

This article comments on: 2023. The inability of barley to germinate after submergence depends on hypoxia-induced secondary dormancy. Journal of Experimental Botany , 4277–4289

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The lacertid Latastia ornata was known to date only by its holotype collected in 1938 in Bafatá, central Guinea-Bissau. We report new specimens and localities from Guinea-Conakry, a new country record and major range extension of 700 km SE of the type-locality. We provide an updated diagnosis of the species, including the first genetic and osteological data, and confirm that Latastia ornata is closely related to, but distinct from, L.

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What Makes a Good Plant Invader?

Life (Basel)

July 2023

Department of Agricultural Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.

We explored traits that promote plant invasions. External factors affecting invasion success consist of various abiotic and biotic constraints. How well plants perform under those depends on multiple characteristics, such as life history traits, genetic variation patterns, competitive and dispersal abilities, phenotypic plasticity, resistance, tolerance, and possibly allelopathic interactions.

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Oxidized compounds in the atmosphere can occur as emitted primary compounds or as secondary products when volatile emitted precursors react with various oxidants. Due to the presence of polar functional groups, their vapor pressures decrease, and they condense onto small particles. Thereby, they have an effect on climate change by the formation of clouds and scattering solar radiation.

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Oxidative burst, the rapid production of high levels of reactive oxygen species in response to external stimuli, is an early defense reaction against pathogens. The fungal elicitor chitosan causes an oxidative burst in the moss (formerly ), mainly due to the peroxidase enzyme Prx34. To better understand the chitosan responses in , we conducted a screen of part of a mutant collection to isolate plants with less peroxidase activity than wild-type (WT) plants after chitosan treatment.

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