Water treatment-free prolonged intermittent kidney replacement therapy: A new approach for kidney replacement therapy in the ICU setting. A retrospective study.

The optimal modalities of kidney replacement therapy (KRT) in the ICU remain debated. Intermittent haemodialysis (IHD) and continuous veno-venous haemofiltration (CVVH) are the two main methods. Intermittent haemodialysis requires a water treatment system, which may not be available in all jurisdictions.

Autoimmune Tubulopathies.

The renal tubule and collecting duct express a large number of proteins, all having putative immunoreactive motives. Therefore, all can be the target of pathogenic autoantibodies. However, autoimmune tubulopathies seem to be rare and we hypothesize that they are underdiagnosed.

The circadian clock gene period regulates the composition and daily bacterial load of the gut microbiome in Drosophila melanogaster.

While Drosophila melanogaster serves as a crucial model for investigating both the circadian clock and gut microbiome, our understanding of their relationship in this organism is still limited. Recent analyses suggested that the Drosophila gut microbiome modulates the host circadian transcriptome to minimize rapid oscillations in response to changing environments. Here, we examined the composition and abundance of the gut microbiota in wild-type and arrhythmic per flies, under 12 h:12 h light: dark (12:12 LD) and constant darkness (DD) conditions.

First clinical utility of sensing Ultrasound Localization Microscopy (sULM): identifying renal pseudotumors.

Renal pseudotumors, which mimic tumors on imaging, pose diagnostic challenges that can lead to unnecessary interventions. Sensing ultrasound localization microscopy (sULM) is an advanced imaging technique that uses ultrasound imaging and microbubbles as sensors to visualize kidney functional units. This study aims to investigate whether sULM could differentiate between renal pseudotumors and tumors based on the presence of glomeruli.

A Multiyear Longitudinal Harmonization Study of Quality Controls in Mass Spectrometry Proteomics Core Facilities.

Quality control procedures play a pivotal role in ensuring the reliability and consistency of data generated in mass spectrometry-based proteomics laboratories. However, the lack of standardized quality control practices across laboratories poses challenges for data comparability and reproducibility. In response, we conducted a harmonization study within proteomics laboratories of the Core for Life alliance with the aim of establishing a common quality control framework, which facilitates comprehensive quality assessment and identification of potential sources of performance drift.

Impact of gender on self-assessment accuracy among fourth-year French medical students on faculty's online Objective Structured Clinical Examinations.

Background: Historically, women have been shown to underestimate their abilities, while men often assess themselves more accurately or overestimate. This study aims to determine self-assessment accuracy during online Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs) according to gender.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted among fourth-year medical students at Paris Cité University during faculty training OSCEs, utilizing Zoom® software for remote participation.

Safety of baricitinib in vaccinated patients with severe and critical COVID-19 sub study of the randomised Bari-SolidAct trial.

Background: The Bari-SolidAct randomized controlled trial compared baricitinib with placebo in patients with severe COVID-19. A post hoc analysis revealed a higher incidence of serious adverse events (SAEs) among SARS-CoV-2-vaccinated participants who had received baricitinib. This sub-study aimed to investigate whether vaccination influences the safety profile of baricitinib in patients with severe COVID-19.

CD57 EMRA CD8 T cells in cancer patients over 70: associations with prior chemotherapy and response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy.

Background: Immune ageing complicates cancer treatment in older individuals. While immunotherapy targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway can reinvigorate T cells, these cells tend to become senescent with age. This study investigates different CD8 T cell subsets usually associated with senescence, in cancer patients over 70 years old who are undergoing anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy, and examines the relationship between these senescent cells and prior chemotherapy exposure.

Snakebites in Cameroon by Species Whose Effects Are Poorly Described.

Snakes responsible for bites are rarely identified, resulting in a loss of information about snakebites from venomous species whose venom effects are poorly understood. A prospective clinical study including patients bitten by a snake was conducted in Cameroon between 2019 and 2021 to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of a marketed polyvalent antivenom. Clinical presentation during the first 3 days of hospitalization was recorded following a standardized protocol.

TANGO2-related rhabdomyolysis symptoms are associated with abnormal autophagy functioning.

Patients with pathogenic variants in the gene suffer from severe and recurrent rhabdomyolysis episodes precipitated by fasting. Autophagy functioning was analyzed , in primary skeletal myoblasts from TANGO2 patients, in basal and fasting conditions, and mutations were associated with reduced LC3-II levels upon starvation. In zebrafish larvae, inhibition induced locomotor defects which were exacerbated by exposure to atorvastatin, a compound known to cause rhabdomyolysis.

Impact on clinical guideline adherence of Orient-COVID, a clinical decision support system based on dynamic decision trees for COVID19 management: A randomized simulation trial with medical trainees.

Background: The adherence of clinicians to clinical practice guidelines is known to be low, including for the management of COVID-19, due to their difficult use at the point of care and their complexity. Clinical decision support systems have been proposed to implement guidelines and improve adherence. One approach is to permit the navigation inside the recommendations, presented as a decision tree, but the size of the tree often limits this approach and may cause erroneous navigation, especially when it does not fit in a single screen.

AntiBody Sequence Database.

Antibodies play a crucial role in the humoral immune response against health threats, such as viral infections. Although the theoretical number of human immunoglobulins is well over a trillion, the total number of unique antibody protein sequences accessible in databases is much lower than the number found in a single individual. Training AI (Artificial Intelligence) models, for example to assist in developing serodiagnoses or antibody-based therapies, requires building datasets according to strict criteria to include as many standardized antibody sequences as possible.

Exploring tryptophan metabolism in cardiometabolic diseases.

Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism is linked to health and disease, with indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO) being a key enzyme in its breakdown outside the liver. This process produces metabolites that influence metabolic and inflammatory responses. A distinctive feature of the gut is its involvement in three major Trp catabolic pathways: the IDO-driven kynurenine pathway, bacteria-produced indoles, and serotonin.

Interplay between Netrin-1 and Norrin controls arteriovenous zonation of blood-retina barrier integrity.

The integrity of the blood-retina barrier (BRB) is crucial for phototransduction and vision, by tightly restricting transport of molecules between the blood and surrounding neuronal cells. Breakdown of the BRB leads to the development of retinal diseases. Here, we show that Netrin-1/Unc5b and Norrin/Lrp5 signaling establish a zonated endothelial cell gene expression program that controls BRB integrity.

Active learning for extracting rare adverse events from electronic health records: A study in pediatric cardiology.

Objective: Automate the extraction of adverse events from the text of electronic medical records of patients hospitalized for cardiac catheterization.

Methods: We focused on events related to cardiac catheterization as defined by the NCDR-IMPACT registry. These events were extracted from the Necker Children's Hospital data warehouse.

Investigating the C2 Modulation of the Imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine-Based Hit Compound CTN1122: Synthesis, in vitro Antileishmanial Activity, Cytotoxicity and Casein Kinase 1 Inhibition.

Our research group previously discovered CTN1122, an imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine compound with promising antileishmanial activity against intramacrophage amastigotes of Leishmania major and L. donovani strains. CTN1122 effectively targets Leishmania casein kinase 1 (L-CK1.

Mechanistic Insights Into Post-Translational α-Keto-β-Amino Acid Formation by a Radical S-Adenosyl Methionine Peptide Splicease.

Radical S-adenosyl methionine enzymes catalyze a diverse repertoire of post-translational modifications in protein and peptide substrates. Among these, an exceptional and mechanistically obscure example is the installation of α-keto-β-amino acid residues by formal excision of a tyrosine-derived tyramine unit. The responsible spliceases are key maturases in a widespread family of natural products termed spliceotides that comprise potent protease inhibitors, with the installed β-residues being crucial for bioactivity.

An efficient joint model for high dimensional longitudinal and survival data via generic association features.

This paper introduces a prognostic method called FLASH that addresses the problem of joint modeling of longitudinal data and censored durations when a large number of both longitudinal and time-independent features are available. In the literature, standard joint models are either of the shared random effect or joint latent class type. Combining ideas from both worlds and using appropriate regularization techniques, we define a new model with the ability to automatically identify significant prognostic longitudinal features in a high-dimensional context, which is of increasing importance in many areas such as personalized medicine or churn prediction.

Early exposure to Western Diet exacerbates visual outcomes in female mice.

Obesity, a growing pandemic in Western societies, significantly impacts metabolic health and contributes to visual disorders. While the systemic consequences of obesity, such as chronic inflammation and insulin resistance, are well-studied in adults, its early-life effects on retinal health remain underexplored. Using a maternal Western Diet (WD) exposure model, we investigated the developmental impact of early-life metabolic disturbances on retinal and cognitive function.

Vaccine policies in France and Europe.

This review outlines the outcome of the COVID-19 vaccination campaign in France and assesses the respective roles of information and coercion in its overall success. These data are then put into perspective of the evolution of vaccination acceptance in France.

Comparative efficacy of leniolisib (CDZ173) versus standard of care on rates of respiratory tract infection and serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels among individuals with activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta (PI3Kδ) syndrome (APDS): An externally-controlled study.

Leniolisib, an oral, targeted phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta (PI3Kδ) inhibitor, was well-tolerated and efficacious versus placebo in treating individuals with activated PI3Kδ syndrome (APDS), an ultra-rare inborn error of immunity (IEI), in a 12-week randomised controlled trial. However, longer-term comparative data versus standard of care are lacking. This externally controlled study compared the long-term effects of leniolisib on annual rate of respiratory tract infections and change in serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels versus current standard of care, using data from the leniolisib single-arm open-label extension study 2201E1 (NCT02859727) and the European Society for Immunodeficiencies (ESID) registry.

The recombination efficiency of the bacterial integron depends on the mechanical stability of the synaptic complex.

Multiple antibiotic resistances are a major global health threat. The predominant tool for adaptation in Gram-negative bacteria is the integron. Under stress, it rearranges gene cassettes to offer an escape using the tyrosine recombinase IntI, recognizing folded DNA hairpins, the sites.

ABCG1 orchestrates adipose tissue macrophage plasticity and insulin resistance in obesity by rewiring saturated fatty acid pools.

The mechanisms governing adipose tissue macrophage (ATM) metabolic adaptation during diet-induced obesity (DIO) are poorly understood. In obese adipose tissue, ATMs are exposed to lipid fluxes, which can influence the activation of specific inflammatory and metabolic programs and contribute to the development of obesity-associated insulin resistance and other metabolic disorders. In the present study, we demonstrate that the membrane ATP-binding cassette g1 (Abcg1) transporter controls the ATM functional response to fatty acids (FAs) carried by triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, which are abundant in high-energy diets.

Genomic perspective on the bacillus causing paratyphoid B fever.

Paratyphoid B fever (PTB) is caused by an invasive lineage (phylogroup 1, PG1) of Salmonella enterica serotype Paratyphi B (SPB). However, little was known about the global population structure, geographic distribution, and evolution of this pathogen. Here, we report a whole-genome analysis of 568 historical and contemporary SPB PG1 isolates, obtained globally, between 1898 and 2021.