Selective midfacial neurectomy for postparalytic facial nerve syndrome.

Chemodenervation with botulinum A toxin and neuromuscular retraining therapy are commonly performed as first-line treatments for postparalytic facial nerve syndrome (PFS). However, their effects are temporary, and side effects typically develop. Currently available selective neurectomy approaches are limited by variations in the anatomy of the peripheral branches of the facial nerve and the ability to reduce perioral synkinesis, but not periocular synkinesis.

Orbital Septum Posterior to Medial Canthal Tendon Area.

Purpose: To examine the anatomy of the orbital septum posterior to the medial canthal tendon area.

Materials And Methods: We performed 3 anatomical dissections in the present study. The first one was a microscopic study in which exenterated specimens from 6 Japanese cadavers (age from 77 to 93 years at death) were cut inferno-horizontally, including the Müller muscle, medial rectus pulley, and lateral rectus pulley, and stained with Masson's trichrome.

Eyelid Reconstruction.

Reconstruction of the eyelid is a complex process that requires an understanding of eyelid anatomy and various reconstructive techniques to restore function and appearance. The eyelids, essential for globe protection, moisture retention, and expression, contain the lacrimal system and intricate musculature that make reconstruction challenging. Tumor excision commonly results in defects in the eyelid that require careful reconstructive planning, with consideration for defect dimensions, location, and involvement of surrounding tissue.

Approaches to Cheek Reconstruction following Mohs Surgery.

The native features of the cheek allow for a variety of approaches when considering reconstruction following Mohs surgery. Selecting the best approach requires consideration of deficit size and location, skin laxity, surrounding anatomy, aesthetic outcomes, and specific patient factors. Reconstruction options vary based on the zone of the cheek affected, but direct closure remains the gold standard.

Late onset paediatric dacryoadenitis associated with SARS-CoV-2 confirmed by histological analysis.

We report a case of chronic dacryoadenitis associated with SARS-CoV-2, confirmed by histological analysis. A previously healthy school-aged boy was admitted to the paediatric department with a 1 month history of both eyebrow swelling and very mild pain in the upper parts of both eyelids. Gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted MRI revealed enlargement of both lacrimal glands.

Entropion.

Entropion, or the inward turning of the eyelid, is common, particularly in older patients. The condition is classified as involutional, cicatricial, spastic or congenital. Involutional entropion is most common and typically treated with lateral tarsal strip, which may be combined with other techniques for eyelid eversion.

[TREATMENT UPDATES IN OCULAR ONCOLOGY].

Malignant tumors of the eye are uncommon, yet of great importance due to their effect on the patient's life and vision. The most common primary intraocular tumors are retinoblastoma in children and uveal melanoma in adults. The most common periocular tumor is basal cell carcinoma in eyelids.

The Effect of Prostaglandin F2 Analog Treatment on the Immunoexpression of Fibrosis-Associated Factors in Patients with Glaucoma Undergoing Deep Sclerotomy.

Long-term use of topical prostaglandins might initiate chronic conjunctival inflammation, leading to poor outcomes of glaucoma surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunoexpression pattern of HSP70, CTGF, SNAIL, aSMA, cMYB, and HIFa in the conjunctiva, episclera, and deep sclera in patients with glaucoma undergoing deep sclerectomy in order to establish an association between staining intensities and prostaglandin F2 (PGF2) treatment. Double immunofluorescence (HSP70, CTGF, SNAIL, aSMA, cMYB, and HIFa) was performed on conjunctiva, episclera, and deep sclera samples, which were obtained from 23 patients treated with PGF2 and 8 patients without PGF2 treatment.

Transcutaneous Lower Blepharoplasty with Midface Lift by Malar Fat Suspension to Lateral Part of Infraorbital Wall.

Background: The anatomy of the eyelid changes with age. Multiple changes were observed in the eyelids and the surrounding structures including the malar region. Aging affects the appearance of eyelids and midface by the formation of tear trough deformity and malar flattening and ptosis.

Autologous simple limbal stem cell transplantation with conjunctival autograft in chronic unilateral total LSCD with severe symblepharon due to severe alkali burn.

This report details the case of a middle-aged man with chronic unilateral total limbal stem cell deficiency with severe symblepharon in his left eye with upper lid mechanical ptosis, restricted ocular movements and visual acuity limited to counting fingers at 2 feet. 9 months prior to his first visit, he sustained an accidental unilateral alkali injury to the left eye. He underwent autologous simple limbal epithelial transplantation combined with conjunctival autograft in the left eye.

The Effect of Terpinen-4-ol on Human Corneal Epithelium.

Purpose: To investigate the toxicity of terpinen-4-ol (T4O) on primary cultured human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs).

Methods: HCECs were exposed to various concentrations (0%-0.1%) of T4O for 15 minutes to 72 hours.

A comparison of two surgical techniques for basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid: two-step surgery and one-step surgery.

Objective: To compare the results of one-step surgery (OSS) and two-step surgery (TSS) in the surgical management of eyelid basal cell carcinomas (BCC).

Method: A total of 43 eyes of 43 patients were included. OSS was applied to 22 of these patients, while TSS was applied to 21 patients.

Effect of upper eyelid blepharoplasty with or without orbicularis oculi muscle removal on anterior segment parameters, keratometry, and ocular biometry.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of upper eyelid blepharoplasty with or without the removal of a strip of orbicularis oculi muscle on corneal topographic parameters, anterior segment parameters, intraocular pressure, and ocular biometry.

Method: This prospective study examined 428 eyes of 214 patients with dermatochalasis. Patients were divided into two groups randomly: those who underwent orbicularis oculi muscle excision (Group 1) during blepharoplasty and those who did not (Group 2).

In vivo confocal microscopy findings about ocular surface recovery in patients following pterygium excision combined with conjunctival autograft.

Purpose: To study cellular and neural changes around the donor and recipient areas after pterygium excision combined with autologous conjunctival transplantation using corneal confocal microscopy, we evaluated the postoperative impact of this surgical procedure.

Methods: Patients with primary pterygium located on the nasal side who visited the Department of Ophthalmology of Wuxi Second People's Hospital between April and August 2023 were enrolled. Age-matched healthy eyes were included as the control group.

Insular Infraorbital Neurovascular Pedicle Labial Salivary Gland Transplantation for Severe Dry Eye: Anatomy Study and Case Report.

Background: Severe dry eyes often require surgical intervention. Submandibular salivary and minor salivary gland transplantation are options for refractory dry eyes but have limitations. We innovatively designed an insular infraorbital neurovascular pedicle labial salivary gland transplantation (IINPLSGT) and validated its feasibility and safety through anatomical studies.

Medication-Induced Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis Presenting as a Solitary Periocular Cutaneous Lesion.

Lymphomatoid granulomatosis, a rare lymphoproliferative disorder, was previously defined by categorical pulmonary involvement with possible invasion into the skin, central nervous system, liver, and kidneys. However, recent reports have documented confirmed cases of lymphomatoid granulomatosis without lung involvement. Here, the authors describe a 70-year-old male with rheumatoid arthritis on methotrexate who presented with an ulcerating lesion on the right lower eyelid, initially suspicious for a basal cell carcinoma.

Dermoid Cyst of Conjunctival Origin Attached to the Tarsus in a Pediatric Patient.

Dermoid cysts of cutaneous origin are common orbital lesions, whereas dermoid cysts of conjunctival origin are rare. The authors present a case of a dermoid cyst of conjunctival origin that was attached to the tarsus in a pediatric patient. A 2-year-old boy presented to the clinic with an approximately 2 cm in diameter mobile nodule in the upper eyelid on the temporal side that distorted the eyelid architecture with temporal ptosis.

A new species of Neblinaphryne (Anura: Brachycephaloidea: Neblinaphrynidae) from Serra do Imeri, Amazonas state, Brazil.

The highlands of the Guiana Shield (Pantepui) in northern South America harbor a unique fauna and flora. However, this diversity remains poorly documented, as many Pantepui massifs remain little explored or unexplored, mainly because their access is very challenging. Considering amphibians, 11 genera are endemic or sub-endemic to Pantepui, and one of them, Neblinaphryne, is monospecific and was recently described from the Neblina massif, at the border between Brazil and Venezuela.

Clinicopathological Features of Epstein-Barr Virus-Positive Neuroendocrine Carcinoma: Analysis of Twenty-Two Cases.

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-positive neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) is a rare neoplasm with limited histopathological and therapeutic data. This report presents 22 cases of EBV-positive NEC, analyzing age distribution, morphology, and immunophenotype. The median patient age was 47 years (range: 27-67 years), with a male-to-female ratio of 17:5.