Tear neuropeptides are associated with clinical symptoms and signs of dry eye patients.

Purpose: To evaluate levels of 3 tear-soluble neuropeptides in dry eye patients and to identify the correlations with clinical signs and symptoms.

Methods: A total of 16 dry eye patients and 12 healthy volunteers were enrolled. Dry eye disease (DED) diagnosis was based on the 2017 Report of the Tear Film & Ocular Surface Society International Dry Eye Workshop (TFOS DEWS II).

Transformative Gamified Binocular Therapy for Unilateral Amblyopia in Young Children: Pilot Prospective Efficacy and Safety Study.

Background: Amblyopia is a common cause of visual impairment in children. Compliance with traditional treatments for amblyopia is challenging due to negative psychosocial impacts. Recent shifts in amblyopia treatment have moved from suppressing the dominant eye to enhancing binocular visual function.

CMPK2 promotes NLRP3 inflammasome activation via mtDNA-STING pathway in house dust mite-induced allergic rhinitis.

Background: House dust mite (HDM) is the leading allergen for allergic rhinitis (AR). Although allergic sensitisation by inhaled allergens renders susceptible individuals prone to developing AR, the molecular mechanisms driving this process remain incompletely elucidated.

Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying HDM-induced AR.

COVID-19 Implications on School Dietary Behavior in Chinese College Students: Based on the Longitudinal Assessment of Dietary Records from Intelligent Ordering System.

Objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has changed the dietary behavior of college students; however, the persistence of the changes in dietary behavior remains uncertain. This study aims to explore the changes in school food consumption and dietary quality of college students during three distinct COVID-19 periods: pre-epidemic (stage T1), epidemic (stage T2), and post-COVID-19 epidemic (stage T3).

Methods: The persistent 6-year data, involving 3,484,081 dietary records from January 2018 to December 2023, for college students were acquired from the "Intelligent Ordering System (IOS)".

Co-targeting of glial activation and inflammation by tsRNA-Gln-i-0095 for treating retinal ischemic pathologies.

Ischemic retinopathies are the major causes of blindness, yet effective early-stage treatments remain limited due to an incomplete understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms. Significant changes in gene expression often precede structural and functional alterations. Transfer RNA (tRNA)-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are emerging as novel gene regulators, involved in various biological processes and human diseases.

Ionizable polymeric micelles (IPMs) for efficient siRNA delivery.

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are widely used for nucleic acid delivery but face challenges like limited targeting and accelerated blood clearance (ABC) effect. We design three ionizable oligomers (IOs) that, with polylactide-polyethylene glycol (PLA-PEG), form a potential siRNA delivery system, named Ionizable Polymeric Micelles (IPMs). The siRNA encapsulated IPMs escape from lysosomes upon cellular uptake, and silence the target gene.

Influence of acupuncture intensity on analgesic effects in AA rat models.

Objective: To investigate the influence of acupuncture lifting-thrusting frequency and amplitude on the analgesic effects, and its correlation with mast cell degranulation.

Methods: Acute adjuvant arthritis (AA) rat models were employed. Robot-arm aided lifting-thrusting acupuncture therapy was conducted with various frequencies (ranging from 0.

Brillouin assessment of the crystalline lens in patients with high myopia after long-term implantable collamer lens V4c implantation.

Purpose: To evaluate the long-term effects of implantable collamer lens (ICL) V4c on the biomechanical and morphological properties of crystalline lenses in Chinese adults with high myopia using Brillouin microscopy (BM).

Methods: In this case-control study, 102 highly myopic eyes from 102 patients (18-48 years, preoperative spherical equivalent (SE): -6.00--21.

Engrailed1 in Parvalbumin-Positive Neurons Regulates Eye-Specific Retinogeniculate Segregation and Visual Function.

Homeobox transcription factor Engrailed1 (En1) is expressed in the ectoderm and mediates the establishment of retinotectal topography, but its role in eye-specific retinogeniculate segregation and visual function remains unclear. Parvalbumin (PV) neurons, which are widely distributed in the visual pathway, play a crucial role in visual development and function. In this study, we conditionally knocked out En1 gene in PV neurons and found an expansion of the ipsilateral eye projection, while no significant effects were observed in the contralateral eye projection.

Corneal Curvature of the Saudi Population in Relation to Age, Gender, Refractive Errors, and Central Corneal Thickness.

Corneal curvature (CC) is a crucial ocular optical system parameter, indicating the shape of the cornea expressed in radii. This study aims to investigate the relationship between CC, age, gender, refractive errors, and central corneal thickness (CCT) in Saudi Arabia, a field lacking in research. Data were gathered from Imam Medical Center in Riyadh and Dr.

[Pediatric surgery for middle ear cholesteatoma: analysis of 47 cases].

The clinical data of 47 children (52 ears) with middle ear cholesteatoma at Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University from January 2021 to February 2024 were prospectively collected. There were 30 males and 17 females, with a mean age of (8.5±2.

[Comparison of microdrill versus diode laser in endoscopic stapedotomy].

To compare the surgical time, auditory outcomes and safety between microdrill and diode laser in endoscopic stapedotomy. The data of patients with otosclerosis who underwent endoscopic stapedotomy in Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University from January 2020 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into microdrill group and laser group according to treatment method.

[Expert consensus on endoscopic surgery for the pediatric middle ear cholesteatoma based on the classification of cholesteatoma location].

Pediatric middle ear cholesteatoma is an aggressive keratotic lesion caused by abnormal proliferation of keratinised squamous epithelium in the temporal bone, with the characteristics of high postoperative recurrence rate, poor hearing effect and poor quality of life. Endoscopic surgery is able to deal with the majority of pediatric middle ear cholesteatoma cases with the features of minimal trauma and wide surgical field. However, endoscopic surgical treatment still has problems in standardization.

[The path to advancement in endoscopic ear surgery].

Endoscopic ear surgery is currently widely applied in middle ear and lateral skull base procedures, driving the development of ear surgery towards minimally invasive approaches and function preservation. Endoscopic techniques offer many advantages. However, the learning curve is relatively steep, requiring surgeons to overcome challenges such as single-handed operation and a lack of spatial awareness.

High-Throughput Quantification of miRNA-3'-Untranslated-Region Regulatory Effects.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally, primarily through binding sites in 3' untranslated regions (3' UTRs). While computational and biochemical approaches have been developed to predict miRNA binding sites on target messenger RNAs, reliable and high-throughput assessment of the regulatory effects of miRNAs on full-length 3' UTRs can still be challenging. Utilizing a miniaturized and high-throughput reporter assay, we present a 'pilot miRNA-targeting map', containing 4,994 successfully measured miRNA:3' UTR regulatory outputs by pairwise assays between 461 miRNAs and eleven 3' UTRs.

Effects of acupuncture needle modification on acupuncture analgesia.

Objective: The analgesic effect of acupuncture has been widely accepted. Nevertheless, the mechanism behind its analgesic effect remains elusive, thus impeding the progress of research geared toward enhancing the analgesic effect of acupuncture. This paper investigated the role of acupuncture needle surface textures on acupuncture's analgesic effect by creating four experimental acupuncture needles with different patterns of surface augmentation.

Tear Fluid-Based Metabolomics Profiling in Chronic Dacryocystitis Patients.

Chronic dacryocystitis (CD) can result in severe complications and vision impairment due to ongoing microbial infections and persistent tearing. Tear fluid, which contains essential components vital for maintaining ocular surface health, has been investigated for its potential in the noninvasive identification of ocular biomarkers through metabolomics analysis. In this study, we employed UHPLC-MS/MS to analyze the tear metabolome of CD patients.

Differences in anterior ocular biometric characteristics among 6-year-old children with different myopic shift rates: A 2-year longitudinal study.

Background: To investigate longitudinal changes in anterior ocular features during slow and fast myopic shift in 6-year-old children.

Methods: In total, 242 eyes of first-year primary school children in Shanghai, China, were included in this study. All children underwent an initial examination and were subsequently followed-up for two years.

Anterior Segment Pharmacological Accommodative Changes and Its Impact on the Circumferential Anterior Chamber Angle after ICL V4c Implantation: Angle following ICL implantation.

Purpose: To investigate the pharmacological accommodative changes of the anterior segment and its impact on the circumferential anterior chamber angle (ACA) after implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT).

Setting: Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, CHINA.

Design: Prospective randomized contralateral eye study.

Pediatric Uveitis in a Tertiary Referral Center in East China: Clinical Patterns and Visual Outcomes.

To describe the clinical patterns and visual outcomes of pediatric uveitis at a tertiary referral center in East China. Retrospective case series. Clinical records of patients with pediatric uveitis who presented between January 2014 and July 2021 were reviewed.