Navigation-Guided Nasal Endoscopy to Remove the Cavernous Venous Malformation of the Orbital Apex Through the Sphenoid Approach.

Objective: To explore the feasibility of navigation-guided sinus endoscopy to remove the cavernous vascular malformation of the orbital apex through the sphenoid approach.

Methods: A retrospective series of non-control cases were collected. From May 2012 to December 2019, patients with imaging findings of cavernous venous malformation in the orbital apex were collected at the Eye Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University.

[Research progress in relative crystallin genes of congenital cataract].

Congenital cataract is the common cause of visual disability in children. Nearly one third of congenital cataract cases may have a related genetic mutation. With the development of molecular genetics, especially gentechnik, more and more genes, such as crystallin genes, membrane protein genes, eytoskeletal protein genes and regulatory protein genes have been confirmed to participate in the process of congenital cataract.