Thermal ablation versus surgical resection of small-size colorectal liver metastases (COLLISION): an international, randomised, controlled, phase 3 non-inferiority trial.

Background: For patients with small-size colorectal liver metastases, growing evidence suggests thermal ablation to be associated with fewer adverse events and faster recovery than resection while also challenging resection in terms of local control and overall survival. This study assessed the potential non-inferiority of thermal ablation compared with surgical resection in patients with small-size resectable colorectal liver metastases.

Methods: Adult patients (aged ≥18 years) from 14 centres in the Netherlands, Belgium, and Italy with ten or fewer small-size (≤3 cm) colorectal liver metastases, no extrahepatic metastases, and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0-2, were stratified per centre, and according to their disease burden, into low, intermediate, and high disease burden subgroups and randomly assigned 1:1 to receive either thermal ablation (experimental group) or surgical resection (control group) of all target colorectal liver metastases using the web-based module Castor electronic data capture with variable block sizes of 4, 6, and 8.

Development and application of 3D cardiac tissues derived from human pluripotent stem cells.

Recently human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) have become an attractive platform to evaluate drug responses for cardiotoxicity testing and disease modeling. Moreover, three-dimensional (3D) cardiac models, such as engineered heart tissues (EHTs) developed by bioengineering approaches, and cardiac spheroids (CSs) formed by spherical aggregation of hPSC-CMs, have been established as useful tools for drug discovery and transplantation. These 3D models overcome many of the shortcomings of conventional 2D hPSC-CMs, such as immaturity of the cells.

Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cell Transplantation Promotes Bone Healing via Gap Junction-Mediated Cell-Cell Interaction.

Aims: Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) are a rich source of hematopoietic stem cells that have been widely used in experimental therapies for patients with various diseases, including fractures.Activation of angiogenesis is believed to be one of the major modes of action of BM-MNCs; however, the essential mechanism by which BM-MNCs activate angiogenesis remains elusive. This study aimed to demonstrate that BM-MNCs promote bone healing by enhancing angiogenesis through direct cell-to-cell interactions via gap junctions, in addition to a previously reported method.

Surgical approach to a biliary tract cyst in an elderly cat.

Choledochal cyst or biliary tract cyst is a pathological condition characterized by abnormal dilation of the hepatobiliary system. In veterinary medicine, case descriptions and histological characterizations of this biliary malformation are scarce, requiring reliance on data from human medicine. A presumptive diagnosis typically involves imaging studies, with histopathological examination required for confirmation.

Microvascular reconstruction in oral and maxillofacial surgery: a Europe-wide data collection.

Purpose: This study aims to analyze microvascular reconstruction in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) in Europe.

Methods: Based on previous studies, a dynamic online questionnaire was developed and subjected to internal and external evaluation. The questionnaire comprised multiple-choice, rating, and open-ended questions, addressing general and specific aspects and the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on microvascular reconstruction in OMFS in Europe.

Autophagy Attenuates Oxidative Stress-Induced Collagen Degradation in Vaginal Fibroblasts: Implications for Pelvic Organ Prolapse.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The relationship between autophagy and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) remains unknown. The aim of this novel experimental study, utilizing tissue samples derived from women undergoing gynecological surgery, is to investigate the role of autophagy in mitigating collagen degradation in human vaginal fibroblasts induced by oxidative stress, with particular emphasis on its implications in the pathogenesis of POP. Exploring the role of autophagy in protecting against collagen degradation and cellular senescence in human vaginal fibroblasts under oxidative stress may offer new insights into therapeutic strategies for conditions such as POP.

Characterization of different clinical presentation of Merkel cell carcinomas and their potential prognostic implications.

Background: Recent studies analyzed the impact of Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) on the prognosis of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) patients. No data on specific morphological clinical differences of MCPyV+ or MCPyV- are currently available neither on the possible prognostic implication of different clinical presentation of MCC.

Objectives: 1) to describe clinicopathological characteristics of MCC patients and the prevalence of MCPyV infection in an Italian cohort of patients; 2) to define possible differences in clinicopathological and prognostic features among MCPyV+ and MCPyV- MCCs.

The Effect of Music Combined With Preoperative Education on Perioperative Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Open Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to observe the effect of music combined with preoperative education on perioperative anxiety in patients undergoing open cardiac surgery.

Design: This was a randomized controlled study.

Methods: A group of 322 patients undergoing elective open cardiac surgery were randomly allocated to receive either music combined with preoperative education (the experimental group) or routine preoperative preparation (the control group).

Tendon Inversion Improves Tendon-to-Bone Healing in a Rat Bicep Tenodesis Model.

Purpose: Tendon-to-bone repair remains a surgical challenge. Although bone tunnel fixation is a common surgical technique whereby soft tissue is expected to heal against a bone tunnel interface, contemporary methods have yet to recapitulate biomechanical similarity to the native enthesis. In this study, we aimed to understand how inside-out longitudinal tendon inversion affects bone tunnel healing with the hypothesis that inversion removes the gliding epitenon surface to facilitate interface healing.

Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) Classes in MASK-air Users.

Background And Objectives: The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guidelines classify rhinitis as "intermittent" or "persistent" and "mild" or "moderate-severe". To assess ARIA classes in a real-world study in terms of phenotypic differences and their association with asthma.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional real-world study based on users of the MASK-air® app who reported data for at least 3 different months.

Time Estimation Following an Exhaustive Exercise.

Time estimation was investigated in 24 healthy adults, including 12 women and 12 men, before and after an exhaustive exercise. : We compared the ability of estimating time intervals in the range 1 to 5 s using tasks requiring mental counting and tasks that did not allow it. Time estimation and blood lactate levels were evaluated before and at the end of the exercise.

Preliminary Results of Sensorimotor Room Training for the Improvement of Sensory and Motor Skills in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders.

Motor skills in early and middle childhood are essential for physical play, social interactions, and academic development. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often exhibit atypical sensory responses, which can impact self-care and other developmental areas. This study explores the impact of sensory and motor rehabilitation using a Motor Sensory Room to stimulate motor development in children with ASD.

The effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on facial nerve regeneration.

Background: Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), an active component of honey bee propolis, has been demonstrated in animal models and studies to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, and cytoprotective properties.

Objective: We investigated the efficacy of CAPE, which we believe may be therapeutically useful in facial nerve restoration due to its neuroprotective and antioxidant properties.

Material And Methods: 20 Sprague Dawley rats were divided randomly into 4 primary and 2 secondary groups and assigned as control, methylprednisolone, CAPE, CAPE+methylprednisolone groups and the sham and the trauma groups.

Clinical aspects of psoriatic arthritis: one year in review 2024.

Psoriatic arthritis is a very pleomorphic inflammatory disease characterised by its association with psoriasis and the development of a wide spectrum of comorbidities that can impact patients' prognosis and quality of life.In recent years, several new drugs have been developed, showing significant efficacy in alleviating symptoms and signs, while maintaining a generally favourable safety profile. Despite these advancements, the management of PsA remains potentially suboptimal.

Identification of subtrochanteric and femoral shaft fractures as atypical femur fractures on radiology reports.

Background: Bisphosphonate-associated stress fractures, atypical femur fractures (AFF), are a rare subgroup of femoral stress fractures. Their correct and early diagnosis is imperative for appropriate treatment.

Purpose: To investigate the sensitivity of written radiology reports to mention radiographic features of AFF, depending on the time period and academic level of the hospital.

Endothelial FOXM1 and Dab2 promote diabetic wound healing.

Diabetes mellitus can cause impaired and delayed wound healing, leading to lower extremity amputations; however, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor-dependent (VEGF-dependent) angiogenesis remain unclear. In our study, the molecular underpinnings of endothelial dysfunction in diabetes are investigated, focusing on the roles of disabled-2 (Dab2) and Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) in VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) signaling and endothelial cell function. Bulk RNA-sequencing analysis identified significant downregulation of Dab2 in high-glucose-treated primary mouse skin endothelial cells.

Vascular HIF2 Signaling Prevents Cardiomegaly, Alveolar Congestion, and Capillary Remodeling During Chronic Hypoxia.

Background: Hypoxia is associated with the onset of cardiovascular diseases including cardiac hypertrophy and pulmonary hypertension. HIF2 (hypoxia-inducible factor 2) signaling in the endothelium mediates pulmonary arterial remodeling and subsequent elevation of the right ventricular systolic pressure during chronic hypoxia. Thus, novel therapeutic opportunities for pulmonary hypertension based on specific HIF2 inhibitors have been proposed.

Oncological Feasibility of Limited Neck Dissection in cN0 Supraglottic Laryngeal Cancer.

Background: Supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a significant portion of head and neck cancers, with the management of clinically negative necks (cN0) through selective neck dissection (SND) being debated due to potential morbidities and low metastasis rates in levels IIb and IV.

Methods: This study is a retrospective, multicenter examination of the potential feasibility of limited neck dissection (LND), including only levels IIa and III in cN0 supraglottic SCC patients. It analyzed occult metastasis rates and explored relapse occurrences alongside potential predictors of lymph node metastasis.

Non-Pharmacological Interventions Before Cataract Surgery for Preoperative Anxiety: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Aim: The present study was conducted to determine the effect of non-pharmacological interventions before cataract surgery on preoperative anxiety.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: Five databases were systematically searched until 9 June, 2024.

Understanding Hip Contact Stress Based on Types of Physical Activity: A Systematic Review.

Background And Aims: High contact stresses involving the hip have been shown to increase the risk of developing hip osteoarthritis (OA). Although several risk factors have been identified for OA, a holistic approach to predicting contributed factors toward increased hip contact stresses have not been explored. This study was conducted to comprehensively understand the effects of physical activity on high hip contact stress as predisposing factors of OA.

Comparison of autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation, matched sibling donor hematopoietic cell transplantation, and chemotherapy in patients with favorable- and intermediate-risk acute myeloid leukemia.

Introduction: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and chemotherapy are considered potentially curative options for post-remission therapy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the comparative effectiveness of these approaches in favorable- and intermediate-risk AML remains unclear and requires further investigation.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 111 patients diagnosed with de novo favorable- and intermediate-risk AML, categorized according to the ELN 2022 guidelines, were investigated to compare outcomes following autologous HSCT (auto-HSCT), matched sibling donor HSCT (MSD-HSCT), and chemotherapy.

Best evidence summary for nutritional management of cancer patients with chyle leaks following surgery.

Background: Chyle leaks (CL) is a significant postoperative complication following lymph node dissection in cancer patients. Persistent CK is related to a series of adverse outcomes. Nutritional management is considered an effectively strategy that treat CL.

Intestinal rearrangement of biliopancreatic limbs, alimentary limbs, and common limbs in obese type 2 diabetic mice after duodenal jejunal bypass surgery.

Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), yet the precise mechanisms underlying its effectiveness remain incompletely understood. While previous research has emphasized the role of rearrangement of the gastrointestinal anatomy, gaps persist regarding the specific impact on the gut microbiota and barriers within the biliopancreatic, alimentary, and common limbs. This study aimed to investigate the effects of duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB) surgery on obese T2DM mice.

Artificial intelligence in healthcare: transforming patient safety with intelligent systems-A systematic review.

Introduction: Adverse events in hospitals significantly compromise patient safety and trust in healthcare systems, with medical errors being a leading cause of death globally. Despite efforts to reduce these errors, reporting remains low, and effective system changes are rare. This systematic review explores the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in clinical risk management.

Chondrocutaneous Custom-made Graft for Upper Lateral and Alar Cartilage Nose Reconstruction: The T Graft.

Upper lateral cartilage and alar cartilage nose reconstruction secondary to failed aesthetic procedure or tumor excision, surely represents a reconstructive challenge for plastic surgeons, because of the support needed and for the function of the internal nasal valve (INV). Several scientific publications deal with internal nasal reconstructive techniques, including simple homologous or heterologous tissue grafts. We describe a new hybrid chondrocutaneous graft used for reconstruction of the upper lateral cartilage and a portion of the alar cartilage (cephalic part), excised with the adherent nasal mucosa (in correspondence with INV), included in the tumor mass.