Immunologic Characterization and T cell Receptor Repertoires of Expanded Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes in Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Unlabelled: The successful use of expanded tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in adoptive TIL therapies has been reported, but the effects of the TIL expansion, immunophenotype, function, and T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire of the infused products relative to the tumor microenvironment (TME) are not well understood. In this study, we analyzed the tumor samples ( = 58) from treatment-naïve patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), "pre-rapidly expanded" TILs (pre-REP TIL, = 15) and "rapidly expanded" TILs (REP TIL, = 25) according to a clinical-grade TIL production protocol, with single-cell RNA (scRNA)+TCRαβ-seq (TCRαβ sequencing), TCRβ-sequencing (TCRβ-seq), and flow cytometry. REP TILs encompassed a greater abundance of CD4 than CD8 T cells, with increased LAG-3 and low PD-1 expressions in both CD4 and CD8 T cell compartments compared with the pre-REP TIL and tumor T cells.

Perspectives in Immunotherapy: meeting report from Immunotherapy Bridge (Naples, November 30th-December 1st, 2022).

The discovery and development of novel treatments that harness the patient's immune system and prevent immune escape has dramatically improved outcomes for patients across cancer types. However, not all patients respond to immunotherapy, acquired resistance remains a challenge, and responses are poor in certain tumors which are considered to be immunologically cold. This has led to the need for new immunotherapy-based approaches, including adoptive cell transfer (ACT), therapeutic vaccines, and novel immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Prospective minimally invasive pancreatic resections from the IGOMIPS registry: a snapshot of daily practice in Italy on 1191 between 2019 and 2022.

This retrospective analysis of the prospective IGOMIPS registry reports on 1191 minimally invasive pancreatic resections (MIPR) performed in Italy between 2019 and 2022, including 668 distal pancreatectomies (DP) (55.7%), 435 pancreatoduodenectomies (PD) (36.3%), 44 total pancreatectomies (3.

Updated survival outcomes with ivosidenib in patients with previously treated IDH1-mutated intrahepatic-cholangiocarcinoma: an Italian real-world experience.

Background: The results of the phase III ClarIDHy trial led to the FDA approval of ivosidenib as a therapeutic option for patients with locally advanced or metastatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) harboring isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutations. We recently published the first data on the use of ivosidenib in a real-world setting.

Objective: Here we report the updated survival results of 11 patients with locally advanced or metastatic IDH1-mutated CCA who received ivosidenib in clinical practice.

The Brescia Internationally Validated European Guidelines on Minimally Invasive Pancreatic Surgery (EGUMIPS).

Objective: To develop and update evidence-based and consensus-based guidelines on laparoscopic and robotic pancreatic surgery.

Summary Background Data: Minimally invasive pancreatic surgery (MIPS), including laparoscopic and robotic surgery, is complex and technically demanding. Minimizing the risk for patients requires stringent, evidence-based guidelines.

Impact of Current Technology in Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy: 20 Years of Experience in the Treatment of 254 Consecutive Clinical Cases.

Background: Laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA), which avoids large abdomen incisions, is considered the gold standard technique for the treatment of benign small- and medium-size adrenal masses (<6 cm) and weighing < 100 g. A trascurable mortality and morbidity rate, short hospitalization and patient rapid recovery are the main advantages compared to traditional surgery. During the past decade, a new surgical technology has been developed that expedites a "clipless" adrenalectomy.

Identification of Tissue-Resident Natural Killer and T Lymphocytes with Anti-Tumor Properties in Ascites of Ovarian Cancer Patients.

Women with ovarian cancer have limited therapy options, with immunotherapy being unsatisfactory for a large group of patients. Tumor cells spread from the ovary or the fallopian tube into the abdominal cavity, which is commonly accompanied with massive ascites production. The ascites represents a unique peritoneal liquid tumor microenvironment with the presence of both tumor and immune cells, including cytotoxic lymphocytes.

Hemodynamic parameters in patients undergoing surgery for pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma: a retrospective study.

Background: Pheochromocytoma (PHEO) and paraganglioma (PGL) are rare neuroendocrine tumors characterized by hemodynamic instability, caused by the paroxysmal release of catecholamines. Patients may develop cardiovascular complications in the perioperative phase due to the massive release of catecholamines, particularly during anesthetic induction and surgical manipulation of the tumor. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the risk factors involved in perioperative hemodynamic instability in patients who underwent surgery for chromaffin tumors.

Semi-Conservative Treatment Versus Radical Surgery in Abdominal Aortic Graft and Endograft Infections.

Objective: Abdominal aortic graft and endograft infections (AGIs) are rare complications following aortic surgery. Radical surgery (RS) with resection of the infected graft and reconstruction with extra-anatomical bypass or in situ reconstruction is the preferred therapy. For patients unfit for RS, a semi-conservative (SC), graft preserving strategy is possible.

Uterine sarcomas: A critical review of the literature.

This review aims to provide a comprehensive description of surgical approaches for the management of uterine sarcomas. Uterine sarcomas are rare uterine neoplasms. Frequently, diagnosis is made after hysterectomy or myomectomy scheduled for presumed benign leiomyomas.

A Phase 3, Randomized Trial of Bulevirtide in Chronic Hepatitis D.

Background: Coinfection with hepatitis D virus (HDV) accelerates the progression of liver disease associated with chronic hepatitis B. Bulevirtide inhibits the entry of HDV into hepatocytes.

Methods: In this ongoing phase 3 trial, patients with chronic hepatitis D, with or without compensated cirrhosis, were randomly assigned, in a 1:1:1 ratio, to receive bulevirtide subcutaneously at 2 mg per day (2-mg group) or 10 mg per day (10-mg group) for 144 weeks or to receive no treatment for 48 weeks followed by bulevirtide subcutaneously at 10 mg per day for 96 weeks (control group).

Transatlantic multicenter study on the use of a modified preloaded delivery system for fenestrated endovascular aortic repair.

Objective: Analyze the outcomes of endovascular complex abdominal and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair using the Cook fenestrated device with the modified preloaded delivery system (MPDS) with a biport handle and preloaded catheters.

Methods: A multicenter retrospective single arm cohort study was performed, including all consecutive patients with complex abdominal aortic aneurysm repair and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms treated with the MPDS fenestrated device (Cook Medical). Patient clinical characteristics, anatomy, and indications for device use were collected.

Axial spondyloarthritis in patients with recurrent fever attacks: data from the AIDA network registry for undifferentiated autoInflammatory diseases (USAIDs).

Beckground: Despite the recent advances in the field of autoinflammatory diseases, most patients with recurrent fever episodes do not have any defined diagnosis. The present study aims at describing a cohort of patients suffering from apparently unexplained recurrent fever, in whom non-radiographic axial spondylarthritis (SpA) represented the unique diagnosis identified after a complete clinical and radiologic assessment.

Materials And Methods: Patients' data were obtained from the international registry on Undifferentiated Systemic AutoInflammatory Diseases (USAIDs) developed by the AutoInflammatory Disease Alliance (AIDA) network.

Comparison of dyskinesia profiles after L-DOPA dose challenges with or without dopamine agonist coadministration.

Many patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) experiencing l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) receive adjunct treatment with dopamine agonists, whose functional impact on LID is unknown. We set out to compare temporal and topographic profiles of abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) after l-DOPA dose challenges including or not the dopamine agonist ropinirole. Twenty-five patients with PD and a history of dyskinesias were sequentially administered either l-DOPA alone (150% of usual morning dose) or an equipotent combination of l-DOPA and ropinirole in random order.

Impact of liver cirrhosis, the severity of cirrhosis, and portal hypertension on the outcomes of minimally invasive left lateral sectionectomies for primary liver malignancies.

Background: The impact of cirrhosis and portal hypertension on perioperative outcomes of minimally invasive left lateral sectionectomies remains unclear. We aimed to compare the perioperative outcomes between patients with preserved and compromised liver function (noncirrhotics versus Child-Pugh A) when undergoing minimally invasive left lateral sectionectomies. In addition, we aimed to determine if the extent of cirrhosis (Child-Pugh A versus B) and the presence of portal hypertension had a significant impact on perioperative outcomes.

ESTRO-ACROP guideline: Recommendations on implementation of breath-hold techniques in radiotherapy.

The use of breath-hold techniques in radiotherapy, such as deep-inspiration breath hold, is increasing although guidelines for clinical implementation are lacking. In these recommendations, we aim to provide an overview of available technical solutions and guidance for best practice in the implementation phase. We will discuss specific challenges in different tumour sites including factors such as staff training and patient coaching, accuracy, and reproducibility.

MYD88 and Proinflammatory Chemokines in Aortic Atheromatosis: Exploring Novel Statin Effects.

Atherosclerosis is driven by a diverse range of cellular and molecular processes. In the present study, we sought to better understand how statins mitigate proatherogenic inflammation. 48 male New Zealand rabbits were divided into eight groups, each including 6 animals.

Trends and Obstacles to Implement Dynamic Perfusion Concepts for Clinical Liver Transplantation: Results from a Global Web-Based Survey.

Background: Organ perfusion technology is increasingly used in many countries, with a focus, however, on the Western world. This study investigates the current international trends and obstacles to the broader routine implementation of dynamic perfusion concepts in liver transplantation.

Methods: A web-based anonymous survey was launched in 2021.

Impact of body mass index on perioperative outcomes of laparoscopic major hepatectomies.

Background: Data on the effect of body mass index on laparoscopic liver resections are conflicting. We performed this study to investigate the association between body mass index and postoperative outcomes after laparoscopic major hepatectomies.

Methods: This is a retrospective review of 4,348 laparoscopic major hepatectomies at 58 centers between 2005 and 2021, of which 3,383 met the study inclusion criteria.

Does the Mediterranean Diet Have Any Effect on Lipid Profile, Central Obesity and Liver Enzymes in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Subjects? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Control Trials.

The effectiveness of the Mediterranean diet (MD) in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) subjects has been evaluated in several randomized controlled trials (RCTs). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the overall effects of MD intervention in a cohort of NAFLD patients targeting specific markers such as central obesity, lipid profile, liver enzymes and fibrosis, and intrahepatic fat (IHF). Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus were explored to collect relevant studies from the last 10 years.

Case Report: Interindividual variability and possible role of heterozygous variants in a family with deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2: are all heterozygous born equals?

Deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2 (DADA2) is a rare systemic autoinflammatory disease, typically with autosomal recessive inheritance, usually caused by biallelic loss of function mutations in the gene. The phenotypic spectrum is broad, generally including fever, early-onset vasculitis, stroke, and hematologic dysfunction. Heterozygous carriers may show related signs and symptoms, usually milder and at an older age.

A New Ex Vivo Human Skin Burn Model.

Currently, most burn models for preclinical testing are on animals. For obvious ethical, anatomical, and physiological reasons, these models could be replaced with optimized ex vivo systems. The creation of a burn model on human skin using a pulsed dye laser could represent a relevant model for preclinical research.

Prolonged continuous wound infusion of local anesthetic and steroid after major abdominal surgery to reduce opioid consumption: a randomized, double-blind trial.

Background: Continuous wound infusion (CWI) is effective for post-operative pain management, but the effect of prolonged infusions and the use of steroids in the infused mixture have never been addressed. We investigate the effect of prolonged CWI with ropivacaine 0.2% (R) over seven days and methylprednisolone (Mp) 1 mg/kg infused in the wound in the first 24 hours.