Cough in exercise and athletes.

In the general population, particularly in individuals with asthma, cough is a common symptom, often reported after exertion, although regular exercise may be associated with a reduction in the prevalence of cough. In athletes, exercise-induced cough is also a particularly frequent symptom. The main etiologies of cough in athletes are somewhat similar to non-athletes, including asthma/airway hyperresponsiveness, upper airways disorders such as allergic or non-allergic rhinitis, and exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction, although these conditions are more frequently observed in athletes.

Physiotherapy improves symptoms of exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction in young elite athletes: a case series.

Objective: A constricted, upper chest breathing pattern and postural dealignments habitually accompany exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO), but there are few effective treatments for athletes presenting with EILO. This case series was conducted to examine whether physiotherapy based on principles from the Norwegian psychomotor physiotherapy (NPMP) combined with elements of cognitive behavioural therapy can reduce laryngeal distress in athletes with EILO.

Methods: Respiratory distress in four subjects was examined by interview prior to a physiotherapeutic body examination.

Ventilatory Demand During Stepping and Running: Implications for Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction in Children.

Background: Single-step tests have been proposed as simple and inexpensive challenges to diagnose exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) in the pediatric population. Work performed and the resulting ventilation, however, might be substantially lower in stepping than running. This might decrease the diagnostic yield of step-based challenges.

Asthma and youth soccer: an investigation into the level of asthma awareness and training among youth soccer coaches.

Purpose: Asthma is the most common chronic disease among children. Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction which is common in asthmatic patients also occurs in individuals with no prior asthma diagnosis. Despite this and the fact that soccer is a high ventilation sport, there are no validated asthma management protocols in place for soccer coaches.

Indices of nonspecific bronchial reactivity in severe asthma phenotype determination in schoolchildren.

Objective: Introduction: Severe asthma phenotype is characterized by peculiarities of inflammatory process in the airways and consequently hypersensitivity and bronchial lability. The aim: The study aims at determining the diagnostic value of bronchial lability indices in identifying severe bronchial asthma phenotype compared to the moderate variant of disease in schoolchildren.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: We formed two clinical groups of observation, the first clinical group included 57 children with severe asthma phenotype, the second clinical group included 65 patients with moderate disease course.

Kounis syndrome induced by oral intake of aspirin: case report and literature review.

The Kounis-Zavras syndrome is defined as the coincidental occurrence of acute coronary events and hypersensitivity reactions following an allergic reaction including a mast-cell degranulation of vasospastic mediators. This report describes a case of Kounis-Zavras syndrome in the setting of aspirin-induced asthma also known as Samter-Beer triad combining nasal polyps, asthma, and aspirin allergy leading to vasospasm and myocardial infarction. All physicians should be aware of The Kounis syndrome and always keep that unique clinical entity in mind to recognize it promptly and direct the therapy at suppressing the allergic reaction.

Dysfunctional Breathing in Children and Adults With Asthma.

Asthma occurs across the life course. Its optimal treatment includes the use of personalized management plans that recognize the importance of co-morbidities including so-called "dysfunctional breathing." Such symptoms can arise as a result of induced laryngeal obstruction (ILO) or alterations in the mechanics of normal breathing called breathing pattern disorders.

Inconsistent calculation methodology for the eucapnic voluntary hyperpnoea test affects the diagnosis of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.

Introduction: The eucapnic voluntary hyperpnoea (EVH) challenge is used to screen for exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Several criteria have been proposed to determine the decrease in lung function (fall index, FI) following EVH. We compared three published FI calculation methods to determine if they affect the diagnostic classification.

[Prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis in school children of the Mexican Bajío region].

Background: The prevalence of allergic diseases markedly varies according to the geographical region.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis in children of six and seven years of age.

Methods: Cross-sectional study that included a sample of almost 15 thousand children in five cities of Mexico.

The impact of exercise on asthma.

Purpose Of Review: Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in children and adults in developed countries around the world. Despite international treatment guidelines, poor asthma control remains a frequent problem leading to missed school and work, and emergency room visits and hospitalizations. Many patients with asthma report exercise as a trigger for their asthma, which likely leads to exercise avoidance as a means to control symptoms.

Recommendations for the management of secondary hypogammaglobulinaemia due to B cell targeted therapies in autoimmune rheumatic diseases.

Objectives: The association of B cell targeted therapies with development of hypogammaglobulinaemia and infection is increasingly recognized. Our aim was to develop consensus recommendations for immunoglobulin replacement therapy for management of hypogammaglobulinaemia following B cell targeted therapies in autoimmune rheumatic diseases.

Methods: A modified Delphi exercise involved a 17-member Taskforce committee, consisting of immunologists, rheumatologists, nephrologists, haematologists, a gastroenterologist, an immunology specialist nurse and a patient representative.

Dynamic tonsillar prolapse masquerading as paradoxical vocal fold movement dysfunction.

Introduction: Paradoxical vocal fold movement dysfunction (PVFMD) is a disorder in which the vocal folds involuntarily adduct during inspiration resulting in stridor, cough, dysphonia and dyspnea. Diagnosis of PVFMD is difficult given the episodic nature of the disorder and the often-normal laryngeal exam in between episodes. Moreover, additional sources of obstruction have been identified as sources of Periodic Occurrence of Laryngeal Obstruction (POLO).

Asthma prevalence and control levels among Special Olympics athletes, and asthma-related knowledge of their coaches.

Background: The prevalence of asthma among athletes with intellectual disabilities, and the asthma knowledge levels of their coaches, is unknown.

Methods: Special Olympics Canada athletes completed a demographic questionnaire (n = 208). Athletes who identified as having ever or current asthma completed the Asthma Control Questionnaire and the Mini Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire and were measured for height, weight and lung function (n = 73).

Influence of weight loss on pulmonary function and levels of adipokines among asthmatic individuals with obesity: One-year follow-up.

Background: Individuals with obesity are more likely to develop asthma, but the exact mechanism is still uncertain and several hypotheses have been raised, such as the release of inflammatory mediators secreted by adipose tissue.

Objective: To assess the effects of weight loss in patients submitted to bariatric surgery on pulmonary and systemic inflammation.

Method: The study evaluated patients undergoing bariatric surgery (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass) with the diagnosis of asthma, except smokers.

Allergic acute coronary syndrome in exercise-induced anaphylaxis.

In this case report we present a 49-year-old male who was seen in the emergency department after collapsing due to anaphylactic shock, with ECG findings suggesting myocardial ischaemia. We linked both diagnoses to Kounis syndrome, which describes an acute coronary syndrome due to an allergic event. His circulatory collapse was explained by exercise-induced anaphylaxis.

Aetiology of anaphylaxis in patients referred to an immunology clinic in Colombo, Sri Lanka.

Background: The aetiology of anaphylaxis differs according to types of foods consumed, fauna and foliage and cultural practices. Although the aetiology of anaphylaxis in Western countries are well known, the causes in South Asian countries have not been reported. We sought to determine the causes of anaphylaxis in patients referred to an immunology clinic in Colombo, Sri Lanka.

Heating-induced contraction in airways smooth muscle: A possible causative factor of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.

Asthmatic patients often suffer from bronchoconstriction or asthma following breathing hot air or exposure to exercise due to raises the core body temperature. However, the direct effect of heating airways has not been studied yet. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of heating on tracheal and bronchiolar smooth muscles.

Exercise-Induced Anaphylaxis: Literature Review and Recent Updates.

Purpose Of Review: This paper will review the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of exercise-induced anaphylaxis and food-dependent, exercise-induced anaphylaxis with an emphasis on novel studies published in the past several years.

Recent Findings: Exercise-induced anaphylaxis (EIAn) is a clinical syndrome characterized by anaphylaxis during or shortly after physical exertion. The syndrome is broadly grouped into two categories: exercise-induced anaphylaxis and food-dependent, exercise-induced anaphylaxis (FDEIAn).

[Exercise Testing in Respiratory Medicine - DGP Recommendations].

This document replaces the DGP recommendations published in 1998 and 2013. Based on recent studies and a consensus conference, the indications, choice and performance of the adequate exercise testing method and its necessary technical and staffing setting are discussed. Detailed recommendations are provided: for blood gas analysis and right heart catheterization during exercise, walk tests, spiroergometry, and stress echocardiography.

Efficient Use of Simple Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction Challenge Testing in Pediatric Exercise-Induced Dyspnea.

Background: A simple exercise test to evaluate for exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is routinely ordered in pediatric patients with exercise-induced dyspnea. However, the utility of this test in establishing the cause of exercise-induced dyspnea is not thoroughly examined in the pediatric population. We sought to assess the efficiency of a simple EIB challenge test in finding the cause of exercise-induced dyspnea in pediatric patients referred to our tertiary center in the last 5 y.

Identification and molecular characterization of allergenic non-specific lipid-transfer protein from durum wheat (Triticum turgidum).

Background: Common wheat (Triticum aestivum) and durum wheat (T. turgidum) are both involved in Baker's asthma (BA) and food allergy (FA) including wheat-dependent exercise-induced asthma (WDEIA). However, allergens in durum wheat have not been described, and the over-expression of T.

Association between quality of life, severity of asthma, sleep disorders and exercise capacity in children with asthma: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To assess the association between quality of life, asthma severity, sleep disorders and exercise capacity in children with asthma.

Methods: We evaluated 45 children with asthma of both sexes aged between 7 and 12 years, diagnosed by a pediatrician/pulmonologist and classified according to the IV Brazilian Guidelines for Asthma Management: severity (intermittent/mild and moderate/severe) and control (controlled, partially controlled and uncontrolled). Quality of life (QoL), presence of sleep disorders and exercise capacity were respectively assessed using the following instruments: Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ); Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC); and six-minute step test (6MST).