Usefulness of mannitol challenge testing for diagnosing asthma in everyday clinical practice.

The mannitol test is widely used for assessment of airway responsiveness in patients with possible asthma, but our knowledge of the value in everyday clinical practice is limited. To investigate the diagnostic value of the mannitol test in a clinical setting. All patients having a mannitol challenge test as part of their diagnostic work-up for asthma at the respiratory outpatient clinic, Hvidovre Hospital, over a 5-year period were included in the present analysis.

Upper airway wheezing: Inducible laryngeal obstruction vs. excessive dynamic airway collapse.

There are multiple causes of dyspnea upon exertion in young, healthy patients to primarily include asthma and exercise-induced bronchospasm. (EDAC) describes focal collapse of the trachea or main bronchi with maintained structural integrity of the cartilaginous rings. It is commonly associated with pulmonary disorders like bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma.

Serum levels of periostin and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in asthmatic children.

Background: Periostin is induced by IL-13 and has been studied as a biomarker of asthma. The present study explored the relationship between serum levels of periostin and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) in asthmatic children.

Methods: The study population consisted of 86 children 6-15 years old divided into an asthmatic group ( = 56) and healthy controls ( = 30).

Similar Airway Function after Volitional Hyperpnea in Mild-Moderate Asthmatics and Healthy Controls.

Background: The beneficial effects of exercise training for asthmatics might relate to repetitive airway stretching. Thus, a training with more pronounced airway stretch using isolated, volitional hyperpnea (HYP) might be similarly or more effective. However, in healthy subjects, a bout of HYP training is known to cause an acute FEV1 decline.

Creatine supplementation impairs airway inflammation in an experimental model of asthma involving P2 × 7 receptor.

Creatine (Cr) is a substrate for adenosine triphosphate synthesis, and it is the most used dietary supplement among professional and recreative athletes and sportsmen. Creatine supplementation may increase allergic airway response, but the cellular and molecular mechanisms are unknown. We used murine model of OVA-induced chronic asthma and showed that Cr supplementation increased total proteins, ATP level, lymphocytes, macrophages, and IL-5 levels in BALF, as well as IL-5 in the supernatant of re-stimulated mediastinal lymph nodes.

Anti-doping Policy, Therapeutic Use Exemption and Medication Use in Athletes with Asthma: A Narrative Review and Critical Appraisal of Current Regulations.

Asthma is prevalent in athletes and when untreated can impact both respiratory health and sports performance. Pharmacological inhaler therapy currently forms the mainstay of treatment; however, for elite athletes competing under the constraints of the World Anti-Doping Code (Code), a number of established therapies are prohibited both in and/or out of competition and/or have a maximum permitted dose. The recent release of medical information detailing inhaler therapy in high-profile athletes has brought the legitimacy and utilisation of asthma medication in this setting into sharp focus.

Exercise-Induced Laryngeal Obstruction: When Pediatric Exertional Dyspnea Does not Respond to Bronchodilators.

Exertional dyspnea is a common complaint in general pediatric practice. While a high proportion of the general pediatric population has asthma, other diagnoses, including exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction should be considered, especially when asthma therapy is not sufficient to control symptoms. This review describes some of the key clinical features of exercised-induced laryngeal obstruction as well as preferred diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

Exercise-Induced Dyspnea in Children and Adolescents: Differential Diagnosis.

Exercise-induced dyspnea in children and adolescents can occur for many reasons. Although asthma is the common cause, failure to prevent exercise-induced asthma by pretreatment with a bronchodilator, such as albuterol, indicates that other etiologies should be considered. Other causes of exercise-induced dyspnea include exercise-induced vocal cord dysfunction, exercise-induced laryngomalacia, exercise-induced hyperventilation, chest wall restrictive abnormalities, cardiac causes, and normal physiologic limitation.

Enantioselective disposition of (R,R)-formoterol, (S,S)-formoterol and their respective glucuronides in urine following single inhaled dosing and application to doping control.

Formoterol is a long-acting beta2-adrenoceptor agonist (LABA) used for the treatment of asthma and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Formoterol is usually administered as a racemic (rac-) mixture of (R,R)- and (S,S)-enantiomers. While formoterol is restricted by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), inhalation of formoterol is permitted to a predetermined dose (54 μg/24 hours) and a urine threshold of 40 ng/mL.

Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, temperature regulation and the role of heat shock proteins in non-asthmatic recreational marathon and half-marathon runners.

Exercise is the most common trigger of bronchospasm. Heat shock protein (HSP) expression was linked to asthmatic patients. The prevalence and pathophysiology of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) in non-professional non-asthmatic runners is unknown.

Asthma and exercise-induced respiratory disorders in athletes. The position paper of the Polish Society of Allergology and Polish Society of Sports Medicine.

Exercise-induced respiratory symptoms describe acute airway narrowing that occurs as a result of exercise. It includes exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) and exercise-induced asthma (EIA) issues. To provide clinicians with practical guidelines, a multidisciplinary panel of stakeholders was convened to review the pathogenesis of EIB/EIA and to develop evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment.

Experimental modulation of mood by acoustic stimulation and its effect on exertional dyspnoea.

We examined the interactions between acoustically driven mood modulation and dyspnoea. Following familiarisation, 18 healthy participants attended three experimental sessions on separate days performing two 5 min treadmill tests with a 30 min interval per session while listening to either a positive, negative or neutral set of standardised International Affective Digitised Sounds (IADS). Participants rated intensity and affective domains of dyspnoea during the first exercise test and mood during the second.

Correlation of spirometry and body plethysmography during exercise-induced bronchial obstruction.

Background: The exercise challenge is the gold standard for diagnosing exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB). Airway obstructions appear up to 30 min after the challenge, with a maximum decrease in spirometry and a maximum increase in airway resistance. There is evidence that changes in body plethysmography parameters are more sensitive to the exercise challenge and precede those in spirometry.

Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from both lungs in horses: Diagnostic reliability of cytology from pooled samples.

Cytology of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from one lung may not predict findings in the contralateral lung of the same horse. The aim of this study was to determine whether a pooled BALF from both lungs was representative of corresponding individual samples. Fifty-one horses referred for poor performance and/or respiratory signs and for which a BALF was collected from both lungs, were included in the study.

Qualitative identification and characterisation of self-reported symptoms arising in humans during experimental exposure to cold air.

Background: Exposure to cold air is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in the general population. It is difficult to study the effects of whole-body exposure to cold air under controlled conditions in real life.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to (1) explore and describe the experience of symptoms in humans during experimental and controlled exposures to cold air, by using controlled environmental chamber exposures and qualitative methodology, and to (2) categorise the symptoms.

Active Video Games for Rehabilitation in Respiratory Conditions: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Exercise and physical activity are key components of treatment for chronic respiratory diseases. However, the level of physical activity and adherence to exercise programs are low in people with these diseases. Active video games (AVGs) may provide a more engaging alternative to traditional forms of exercise.

Fluticasone furoate/vilanterol versus fluticasone propionate in patients with asthma and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.

: To investigate whether once-daily (OD) fluticasone furoate (FF)/vilanterol (VI) provides greater long-term protection from postexercise fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV) than twice-daily (BD) fluticasone propionate (FP) in patients with asthma and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. : A randomized, double-blind, crossover study was conducted in patients (aged 12-50 years) on low-/mid-dose maintenance inhaled corticosteroid. Following a 4-week run-in period (FP 250 µg BD), patients with a ≥ 20% decrease in postexercise FEV received FF/VI 100/25 µg OD or FP 250 µg BD for 2 weeks.

Asthma, exercise and metabolic dysregulation in paediatrics.

Asthma is the most frequent chronic disease in childhood. Chest tightness, cough, wheezing and dyspnoea during or after exercise may be unique manifestations of asthma in up to 90% of subjects. Physical activity may be reduced by uncontrolled asthma symptoms and parental beliefs, impairing physical fitness of asthmatic children.

[A CASE OF FOOD-DEPENDENT EXERCISE-INDUCED ANAPHYLAXIS BY SHRIMP: FRUCTOSE 1, 6- BISPHOSPHATE ALDOLASE IS SUPPOSED AS CAUSATIVE COMPONENT DESPITE NEGATIVE ALLERGEN-SPECIFIC IGE TEST (IMMUNOCAP)].

A 16-year-old male high-school student experienced generalized itchy wheal and dyspnea during physical exercise after lunch. Each food material of his lunch was examined using a prick-prick test, allergen-specific IgE test (ImmunoCAP), and provocation test. The prick-prick test was positive for black tiger shrimp (raw and heated) and white leg shrimp (heated).

Effects of aerobic exercise on molecular aspects of asthma: involvement of SOCS-JAK-STAT.

Background: Aerobic training (AT) decreases airway inflammation in asthma, but the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms are not completely understood. Thus, this study evaluated the participation of SOCS-JAK-STAT signaling in the effects of AT on airway inflammation, remodeling and hyperresponsiveness in a model of allergic airway inflammation.

Methods: C57Bl/6 mice were divided into Control (Co), Exercise (Ex), HDM (HDM), and HDM+Exercise (HDM+ Ex).