The Acquisition of Cardiovascular Adaptation to Aerobic Exercise: When Does It Begin and How Does It Evolve Depending on Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors?

The acquisition and evolution of cardiovascular (CV) adaptation to physical activity or exercise training are critical in enhancing cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and reducing CV disease (CVD) risk. CV adaptations to exercise occur through structural, functional, and molecular changes that enhance cardiac efficiency. These adaptations, such as increased stroke volume, improved blood pressure regulation, and enhanced endothelial function, collectively reduce CVD morbidity and mortality.

Student and physiotherapists' perceived abilities to prescribe effective physical activity and exercise interventions: A cross-sectional survey.

Background: Physical activity, aerobic and resistance training have established benefits to health and wellbeing, with physiotherapists playing a vital role in their promotion.

Objectives: To capture UK student and graduate physiotherapists (1) knowledge of accepted guidelines and, (2) perceptions of physical activity and exercise prescription in practice.

Design: National cross-sectional online survey.

Long-Term High-Intensity Interval Training Intervention Improves Emotional Conflict Control in Association With Right Ventrolateral Prefrontal Activation in Males With Methamphetamine Use Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Acute high-intensity interval training (HIIT) has cognitive benefits in individuals with methamphetamine use disorder (MUD), yet it remains largely unknown the benefits of long-term HIIT on emotional conflict control and its neural mechanism in individuals with MUD. The current study conducted a 36-week low-volume HIIT intervention to investigate the effects of HIIT on emotional conflict control in males with MUD and their prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation. This study was a sub-study of the Study for Rehabilitation Training Model Construction and Training Effect of High Intensity Compound Exercise Prescription.

Arthritis Management: Patient-Reported Health Care Provider Screening, Counseling, and Recommendations for Physical Activity.

Introduction: Little is known about the recency, correlates, and content of health care provider (HCP) counseling about physical activity (PA) among adults with arthritis.

Methods: We analyzed data from the Porter Novelli FallStyles cross-sectional survey of noninstitutionalized US adults. Among adults with arthritis, we assessed the recency of HCP counseling about PA; counseling content, including PA assessment/screening and advice/counseling; and recommendations.

Developing a digital phenotype to subdivide adult immunosuppressed COVID-19 outcomes within the English Primary Care Sentinel Network.

Background: Adults classified as immunosuppressed have been disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Compared to the immunocompetent, certain patients are at increased risk of suboptimal vaccine response and adverse health outcomes if infected. However, there has been insufficient work to pinpoint where these risks concentrate within the immunosuppressed spectrum; surveillance efforts typically treat the immunosuppressed as a single entity, leading to wide confidence intervals.

Demographics and Health Characteristics Associated With the Likelihood of Participating in Digitally Delivered Exercise Rehabilitation for Improving Heart Health Among Breast Cancer Survivors: Cross-Sectional Survey Study.

Background: Strong evidence supports the benefits of exercise following both cardiovascular disease and cancer diagnoses. However, less than one-third of Australians who are referred to exercise rehabilitation complete a program following a cardiac diagnosis. Technological advances make it increasingly possible to embed real-time supervision, tailored exercise prescription, behavior change, and social support into home-based programs.

Implementation of an advanced practice role for oxygen prescription by physiotherapists in pulmonary rehabilitation: an explanatory sequential mixed-method quality evaluation.

Background: Physiotherapists play a key role in the administration of supplemental oxygen during physical activity in pulmonary rehabilitation. However, supplemental oxygen requires a medical prescription making processes cumbersome for physiotherapists. This study aimed to implement and evaluate an advanced practice role for physiotherapists (APO) allowing them to prescribe oxygen during physical activity.

Core reference ontology for individualized exercise prescription.

"Exercise is medicine" emphasizes personalized prescriptions for better efficacy. Current guidelines need more support for personalized prescriptions, posing scientific challenges. Facing those challenges, we gathered data from established guidelines, databases, and articles to develop the Exercise Medicine Ontology (EXMO), intending to offer comprehensive support for personalized exercise prescriptions.

How does the dose and type of exercise impact acute cardiovascular function in healthy individuals?

During aerobic exercise, the cardiovascular system is tasked with delivering oxygen to active skeletal muscle via muscle blood flow while regulating mean arterial blood pressure. The impact of aerobic exercise on acute cardiovascular function may be modulated by the dose and type of exercise. Acutely, dose is the product of exercise intensity and time, while the exercise type may refer to common aerobic modalities like cycling, running, swimming or rowing.

Determining the outcome measures and clinical relevance of respiratory muscle training with multiple sclerosis patients: a systematic review.

The following systematic review aimed to gather information on the effectiveness of Respiratory Muscle Training (RMT) with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Patients. The method followed the ENTREQ and PRISMA protocol. MEDLINE, Cochrane, and Science Direct databases were used to source relevant literature.

Relationship between pain severity and self-perceived health among United States adults: A cross-sectional, retrospective database study.

Self-perceived health is related to outcomes such as morbidity and mortality. However, little is known about the relationship between pain severity and self-perceived health, which could be useful to know to help improve health. This study assessed the association of pain severity and other contributing factors with self-perceived health among United States adults.

Comparison of Velocity and Estimated One Repetition Maximum Measured with Different Measuring Tools in Bench Presses and Squats.

The aim of this study was to compare barbell velocities at different intensities and estimated 1-RM with actual 1-RM measured with different measuring tools in bench presses and squats. Fourteen resistance-trained athletes (eight men, six women, age 28.1 ± 7.

The Relationship Between Sports Club Participation, Physical Activity, and Health Behaviors Among Older Korean Adults.

Background: Participation in physical activity can improve the physical, mental, and social health of older adults, with greater benefits observed when they join sports clubs or groups rather than exercising alone. Despite the numerous advantages of older adults' participation in sports clubs, research on this topic remains scarce. This study investigated the association between participation in sports clubs and weekly physical activity, perceived health status, and health behaviors (adequate rest and sleep and regular meals and nutritional supplementation) among Korean older adults.

Circadian Regulation of Fatty Acid Metabolism in Humans: Is There Evidence of an Optimal Time Window for Maximizing Fat Oxidation During Exercise?

Exercise training performed at the intensity that elicits maximal fat oxidation improves cardiovascular function and metabolic health while simultaneously reducing visceral adipose tissue in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Indeed, it is currently considered an efficient non-pharmacological approach for the prevention and treatment of cardiometabolic disorders. Over the last 5 years, several studies have reported a diurnal variation in both resting fat oxidation as well as maximal fat oxidation recorded during submaximal intensity exercise.

Exercise as Mitochondrial Medicine: How Does the Exercise Prescription Affect Mitochondrial Adaptations to Training?

Mitochondria are multifaceted organelles with several life-sustaining functions beyond energy transformation, including cell signaling, calcium homeostasis, hormone synthesis, programmed cell death (apoptosis), and others. A defining aspect of these dynamic organelles is their remarkable plasticity, which allows them to sense, respond, and adapt to various stressors. In particular, it is well-established that the stress of exercise provides a powerful stimulus that can trigger transient or enduring changes to mitochondrial molecular features, activities, integrated functions, behaviors, and cell-dependent mitochondrial phenotypes.

Barriers and facilitators in nurse prescribing practices: a protocol for qualitative meta-synthesis from nurses' perspectives.

Introduction: With the development of the medical system and the diversification of patient needs, nurse practitioners (NPs) play an increasingly important role in medical practice, assuming more responsibilities and powers, including the right to prescribe. However, in the process of exercising the right to prescribe, NPs may face various obstacles, and there are also some promoting factors. Therefore, this study aims to deeply explore the obstacles and promoting factors in the prescription process of NPs through a qualitative meta-analysis and comprehensive method, so as to provide a basis for improving the prescription practice of NPs, improving nursing quality and patient satisfaction.

A meta-analysis of the efficacy of physical exercise interventions on activities of daily living in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Objective: This study aimed to systematically review published randomized controlled trials on the effects of physical exercise on activities of daily living (ADL) in Alzheimer's patients through meta-analysis, thereby synthesizing existing evidence to provide scientific intervention recommendations for exercise prescriptions in Alzheimer's patients.

Methods: Based on strict literature inclusion and exclusion criteria, a systematic search was conducted in databases including PubMed and Web of Science from their inception to July 1, 2024. The Cochrane risk assessment tool was used to evaluate the design of randomized controlled trials.

Exercise as a Therapeutic Intervention in Multiple Sclerosis.

The role of exercise as a therapeutic intervention in multiple sclerosis (MS) has shifted over time. Early views surrounding exercise in MS advocated for caution against participation. With increasing evidence, perspectives shifted to promote exercise as a therapeutic approach for symptom management.

Home Automated Telemanagement System for Individualized Exercise Programs: Design and Usability Evaluation.

Background: Exercise is essential for physical rehabilitation, helping to improve functional performance and manage chronic conditions. Telerehabilitation offers an innovative way to deliver personalized exercise programs remotely, enhancing patient adherence and clinical outcomes. The Home Automated Telemanagement (HAT) System, integrated with the interactive bike (iBikE) system, was designed to support home-based rehabilitation by providing patients with individualized exercise programs that can be monitored remotely by a clinical rehabilitation team.

Effects of high-intensity interval training on cardiorespiratory function in coronary artery disease: An overview of systematic reviews.

Background: Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation has been identified as a crucial component in mitigating all-cause mortality among individuals diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD). Nevertheless, the optimal exercise prescription remains elusive.

Objective: The purpose of this overview is to conduct a systematic evaluation and synthesis of the evidence derived from systematic reviews/meta-analyses (SRs/MAs) regarding the effects on cardiorespiratory fitness and safety of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) compared to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) for CAD.