Lonicera caerulea genome reveals molecular mechanisms of freezing tolerance and anthocyanin biosynthesis.

Introduction: Lonicera caerulea L. (blue honeysuckle) is a noteworthy fleshy-fruited tree and a prominent medicinal plant, which possesses notable characteristics such as exceptional resilience to winter conditions and early maturation, and the richest source of functional anthocyanins, particularly cyanidin-3-glucoside. The molecular mechanisms responsible for its freezing tolerance and anthocyanin biosynthesis remain largely unknown.

Seasonal Changes in the Gut Microbiota of Halyomorpha halys.

The gut microbiome plays an important role in insect evolution and ecology. Bacteria support the host's nutrition and defense and therefore play an important role in the fitness of the host. Halyomorpha halys is one of the most important invasive pest species in the world.

Mitochondrial genomes of the European sardine (Sardina pilchardus) reveal Pliocene diversification, extensive gene flow and pervasive purifying selection.

The development of management strategies for the promotion of sustainable fisheries relies on a deep knowledge of ecological and evolutionary processes driving the diversification and genetic variation of marine organisms. Sustainability strategies are especially relevant for marine species such as the European sardine (Sardina pilchardus), a small pelagic fish with high ecological and socioeconomic importance, especially in Southern Europe, whose stock has declined since 2006, possibly due to environmental factors. Here, we generated sequences for 139 mitochondrial genomes from individuals from 19 different geographical locations across most of the species distribution range, which was used to assess genetic diversity, diversification history and genomic signatures of selection.

The seepage model for CO in Shale considering dynamic slippage, effective stress and gas adsorption.

This paper first conducted a shale injection CO seepage experiment based on an improved single-vessel pressure pulse attenuation method. The experimental results reveal that the evolution pattern of shale permeability with respect to pore pressure can be divided into before and after phase change. The overall trend is that it first decreases and then increases, which is not a simple exponential form.

Dissolved oxygen depletion in Chinese coastal waters.

Estuarine and coastal environments have experienced dissolved oxygen (DO hereafter) depression and hypoxia due to increasingly intensified anthropogenic eutrophication and climate warming. This review compared diverse systems in Chinese coastal waters that experience DO depletion or hypoxia, aiming to identify essential aspects in advancing the abilities in comprehensively understanding DO dynamics across systems that span wide ranges of physical and biogeochemical environments. The coastal DO depression and relevant ecological consequences around the world are generally overviewed.

Saltwater intrusion and land subsidence destroy northern Nile Delta archaeological sites: An assessment using hydrochemical indices, SAR satellite imagery, and analytic hierarchy process (AHP).

Archaeological sites in deltaic regions face increasing environmental threats. This study provides the first assessment of seawater intrusion and land subsidence impacts on archaeological sites in the Nile Delta through hydrochemical investigations, InSAR techniques, and multi-criteria decision analysis of 33 sites. The results reveal that 80.

Characterization, prognostic factors, and clinical profile of ear infections by Turicella otitidis: Revealing the emerging rise of a controversial pathogen.

Introduction: Environmental changes and modifications in leisure habits have facilitated the emergence of new bacteria responsible for causing ear infections with different presentations. In this context, Turicella otitidis is a pathogen for which isolated cases of external and middle ear infections have been reported. However, our experience indicates a resurgence in its occurrence in recent years.

CAECENET: An automatic system processing photometer and ceilometer data from different networks to provide columnar and vertically-resolved aerosol properties.

This work introduces CAECENET, a new system capable of automatically retrieving columnar and vertically-resolved aerosol properties running the GRASP (Generalized Retrieval of Atmosphere and Surface Properties) algorithm using sun-sky photometer (aerosol optical depth, AOD; and sky radiance measurements) and ceilometer (range corrected signal; RCS) data as input. This method, so called GRASPpac, is implemented in CAECENET, which assimilates sun-sky photometers data from CÆLIS database and ceilometer data from ICENET database (Iberian Ceilometer Network). CAECENET allows for continuous and near-real-time monitoring of both vertical and columnar aerosol properties.

Deconstruction and analysis of global biodiversity loss transfer network based on the social network analysis method.

Biodiversity is crucial for maintaining ecosystem stability and achieving sustainable development. However, global biodiversity loss is a common challenge faced by most countries. Therefore, based on the data from the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species and the Eora database, we used the multi-regional input-output (MRIO) model to calculate biodiversity loss in 188 countries.

Exploring the Gastrointestinal Microbiome of Eurasian Griffon Vultures () Under Rehabilitation in Portugal and Their Potential Role as Reservoirs of Human and Animal Pathogens.

The Eurasian griffon vulture (), a widely distributed scavenger, plays a crucial role in ecosystem health by consuming decomposing carcasses. Scavengers have adapted to avoid disease from the rotting carrion they feed on, probably through a specialized gut microbiome. This study aimed to characterize the gut microbiome of (n = 8) present in two rehabilitation centers in mainland Portugal and evaluate their potential as reservoirs of pathogens.

Single but Not Combined In Vitro Exposure to Bisphenol A and Nanoplastics Affects the Cholinergic Function of the Ascidian .

Nanoplastics are known to represent a threat to marine ecosystems. Their combination with other contaminants of emerging concerns (CECs) may amplify ecotoxic effects, with unknown impacts on marine biodiversity. This study investigates the effects, single and combined, of bisphenol A (BPA)-one of the most hazardous CECs-and polystyrene nanoparticles (PS NPs)-as a proxy for nanoplastics, being among the most commonly found asmarine debris-on cholinesterase (ChE) activities of the ascidian .

Short-term evolution and dispersal patterns of fluconazole-resistance in clade III.

The rapid increase in infections caused by the emerging fungal pathogen is of global concern, and understanding its expansion is a priority. The phylogenetic diversity of the yeast is clustered in five major clades, among which clade III is particularly relevant, as most of its strains exhibit resistance to fluconazole, reducing the therapeutic alternatives and provoking outbreaks that are difficult to control. In this study, we have investigated the phylogenetic structure of clade III by analyzing a global collection of 566 genomes.

Origin stories: how does learned migratory behaviour arise in populations?

Although decades of research have deepened our understanding of the proximate triggers and ultimate drivers of migrations for a range of taxa, how populations establish migrations remains a mystery. However, recent studies have begun to illuminate the interplay between genetically inherited and learned migrations, opening the door to the evaluation of how migration may be learned, established, and maintained. Nevertheless, for migratory species where the role of learning is evident, we lack a comprehensive framework for understanding how populations learn specific routes and refine migratory movements over time (i.

[Assessment of habitat quality changes and driving factors in Jilin Province based on InVEST model and geodetector].

Jilin Province is an important ecological security barrier in Northeast China as it is located at the junction of the Northeast forest belts and the northern sand prevention belts. In recent years, Jilin Province has actively carried out ecological protection and restoration projects, resulting in a continuous improvement trend for the overall ecological environment. However, the evolution patterns and mechanisms of habitat quality are largely unkown.

[Spatial and temporal evolution and multi-scenario modeling of land use and habitat quality in highland mountainous urban agglomeration of central Yunnan, Southwest China].

There are obvious contradictions between the development of plateau mountain urban agglomerations and the protection of ecological environment, with the quality of habitat being closely related to land use changes during urbanization. Based on the land use data of central Yunnan urban agglomeration in 2000, 2010, and 2020, we analyzed the spatio-temporal variations of land use and habitat quality, and used PLUS model and InVEST model to predict the status of land use and habitat quality in 2030 under three scenarios: natural development, urban deve-lopment, and ecological protection. The results showed that the artificial surface area of the study area increased significantly from 2000 to 2020, mainly distributed in the areas with very low and medium topographic gradients, most of which were transformed from the cultivated land in the dam area with slow slope.

[Quantitative classification and biodiversity characteristics of plant communities in Luoshan Mountain steppe, Ningxia, China].

To understand the distribution pattern and influencing factors of plant community and diversity along the altitude gradient, we examined plant community types, plant diversity and phylogenetic diversity of mountain steppe in Luoshan, Ningxia, and analyzed the relationship between the plant community and its diversity and environmental driving factors. The results showed that the main community types in the mountain steppe were community, community, community, community, ＋ community, community, ＋＋ community, ＋ community, ＋ community, community, community and community. The distribution of mountain steppe community was mainly affected by altitude, soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, water content, available potassium, silt and organic matter contents, with altitude and soil water content having the greatest effects (<0.

Carbon reserves in coffee agroforestry in the Peruvian Amazon.

Introduction: Secondary forests and coffee cultivation systems with shade trees might have great potential for carbon sequestration as a means of climate change adaptation and mitigation. This study aimed to measure carbon stocks in coffee plantations under different managements and secondary forest systems in the Peruvian Amazon rainforest (San Martín Region).

Methods: The carbon stock in secondary forest trees was estimated using allometric equations, while carbon stocks in soil, herbaceous biomass, and leaf litter were determined through sampling and laboratory analysis.

Nitrogen Deposition Weakens Soil Carbon Control of Nitrogen Dynamics Across the Contiguous United States.

Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition is unequally distributed across space and time, with inputs to terrestrial ecosystems impacted by industry regulations and variations in human activity. Soil carbon (C) content normally controls the fraction of mineralized N that is nitrified (ƒ), affecting N bioavailability for plants and microbes. However, it is unknown whether N deposition has modified the relationships among soil C, net N mineralization, and net nitrification.

Future runoff trends in the mang river basin of China: Implications of carbon emission paths.

In recent years, the rapid development of the global economy has led to an increasing impact of the ongoing climate warming phenomenon on the hydrological cycle. In this context, the runoff changes affected by human activities are more severe. This study classifies climate scenarios based on carbon emission levels into "low-carbon" (SSP1-2.

Estimating the proportion of beneficial mutations that are not adaptive in mammals.

Mutations can be beneficial by bringing innovation to their bearer, allowing them to adapt to environmental change. These mutations are typically unpredictable since they respond to an unforeseen change in the environment. However, mutations can also be beneficial because they are simply restoring a state of higher fitness that was lost due to genetic drift in a stable environment.

Genome evolution following an ecological shift in nectar-dwelling .

Unlabelled: The bacterial genus includes species found in environmental habitats like soil and water, as well as taxa adapted to be host-associated or pathogenic. High genetic diversity may allow for this habitat flexibility, but the specific genes underlying switches between habitats are poorly understood. One lineage of has undergone a substantial habitat change by evolving from a presumed soil-dwelling ancestral state to thrive in floral nectar.

Spatiotemporal heterogeneity of Rhipicephalus microplus resistance to chemical acaricides at intra-farm level: A case study using ivermectin.

The aim of this work was to analyse the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of Rhipicephalus microplus (Canestrini, 1888) (Acari: Ixodidae) resistance to chemical acaricides at intra-farm level under different environmental (favourable and unfavourable areas for tick development) and management (different schemes of acaricides applications) conditions using ivermectin as a model. The in vitro larval immersion test (LIT) was used to determine quantitatively the levels of resistance to ivermectin in the different populations and subpopulations of R. microplus analysed.

Recurring incursions and dissemination of novel Eurasian-origin H5Nx avian influenza viruses in Atlantic Canada.

Wild birds are important hosts of influenza A viruses (IAVs) and play an important role in their ecology. The emergence of the A/goose/Guangdong/1/1996 H5N1 (Gs/GD) lineage marked a shift in IAV ecology, leading to recurrent outbreaks and mortality in wild birds from 2002 onwards. This lineage has evolved and diversified over time, with a recent important derivative being the 2.

Electrostatic Interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and Charged Surfaces: Spike Protein Evolution Changed the Game.

Previous works show the key role of electrostatics in the SARS-CoV-2 virus in aspects such as virus-cell interactions or virus inactivation by ionic surfactants. Electrostatic interactions depend strongly on the variant since the charge of the Spike protein (responsible for virus-environment interactions) evolved across the variants from the highly negative Wild Type (WT) to the highly positive Omicron variant. The distribution of the charge also evolved from diffuse to highly localized.

Macroevolutionary inference of complex modes of chromosomal speciation in a cosmopolitan plant lineage.

The effects of single chromosome number change-dysploidy - mediating diversification remain poorly understood. Dysploidy modifies recombination rates, linkage, or reproductive isolation, especially for one-fifth of all eukaryote lineages with holocentric chromosomes. Dysploidy effects on diversification have not been estimated because modeling chromosome numbers linked to diversification with heterogeneity along phylogenies is quantitatively challenging.