Differential cell architecture and microenvironmental responses of pretumoral and tumoral cellular models exposed to coverslip-induced hypoxia.

The tumor microenvironment is an altered milieu that imposes multiple selective pressures leading to the survival and dissemination of aggressive and fit tumor cell subpopulations. How pre-tumoral and tumoral cells respond to changes in their microenvironment will determine the subsequent evolution of the tumor. In this study, we have subjected pre-tumoral and tumoral cells to coverslip-induced hypoxia, which recapitulates the intracellular hypoxia and extracellular acidification characteristic of the early tumor microenvironment, and we have used a combination of quantitative phase microscopy and epifluorescence to analyze diverse cellular responses to this altered environment.

Spatiotemporal characteristics and dynamic prediction of agricultural carbon compensation potential in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin.

Climate change, driven by carbon emissions, has emerged as a pressing global ecological and environmental challenge. Here, we leverage the panel data of five provinces and above prefecture-level cities in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin to estimate the agricultural carbon emissions (CEs), carbon sinks (CSs), carbon compensation rate (CCR), and carbon compensation potential (CCP) from 2001 to 2022 and investigate the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics for this region. We propose an improved GLM-stacking ensemble learning method for CE prediction with limited sample data.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Obesity is caused by the buildup of excess body fat, which upsets homeostasis. Genetic, epigenetic, and behavioural variables all have a role in the pathophysiology of obesity. In turn, obesity throws off the sleep cycle, leading to sleep problems.

Resurrection of a diatom after 7000 years from anoxic Baltic Sea sediment.

Dormancy is a wide-spread key life history trait observed across the tree of life. Many plankton species form dormant cells stages that accumulate in aquatic sediments and under anoxic conditions, form chronological records of past species and population dynamics under changing environmental conditions. Here we report on the germination of a microscopic alga, the abundant marine diatom Skeletonema marinoi that had remained dormant for up to 6871 ± 140 years in anoxic sediments of the Baltic Sea and resumed growth when exposed to oxygen and light.

SARS-CoV-2 Diversity and Transmission on a University Campus across Two Academic Years during the Pandemic.

Background: Institutions of higher education (IHE) have been a focus of SARS-CoV-2 transmission studies but there is limited information on how viral diversity and transmission at IHE changed as the pandemic progressed.

Methods: Here we analyze 3606 viral genomes from unique COVID-19 episodes collected at a public university in Seattle, Washington from September 2020 to September 2022.

Results: Across the study period, we found evidence of frequent viral transmission among university affiliates with 60% (n = 2153) of viral genomes from campus specimens genetically identical to at least one other campus specimen.

Salivary microbiota dysbiosis and elevated polyamine levels contribute to the severity of periodontal disease.

Background: The oral cavity is a complex environment which harbours the second largest and most diverse microflora after the gastrointestinal tract. The bacteriome in the oral cavity plays a pivotal role in promoting the health and well-being of human beings. Gingivitis, an inflammation of the gingival tissue, arises due to plaque accumulation on the teeth, often leads to periodontitis.

The genomic secrets of invasive plants.

Genomics has revolutionised the study of invasive species, allowing evolutionary biologists to dissect mechanisms of invasion in unprecedented detail. Botanical research has played an important role in these advances, driving much of what we currently know about key determinants of invasion success (e.g.

Labour market evolution is a key determinant of global agroeconomic and environmental futures.

Long-term labour market evolution shapes agricultural transformation through labour productivity growth and labour market transitions. Despite its importance in agricultural production, labour has been overlooked when exploring the agrifood-water-environment-climate nexus. Here we incorporate evolving labour markets into multisector dynamic modelling to examine their agroeconomic and environmental implications.

Integrating territorial pattern changes into the relationship between carbon sequestration and water yield in the Yangtze River Basin, China.

Territorial pattern plays an important role in regional ecosystem management and service provision. It is significant to demonstrate the coordination relationships between the territorial space evolutions and ecosystem services for sustainable regional development. This study focused on quantifying the impacts of production-living-ecological space change on carbon sequestration and water yield in the upper and middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin.

Study on the spatial and temporal evolution of ecosystem service value based on land use change in Xi'an City.

Ecosystem service value (ESV) is essential for understanding regional ecological benefits and resources. This study utilizes the fourth phase of land use data from the Resource and Environment Science Data Centre of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. We corrected the ESV coefficient using the equivalent factor method for value per unit area and integrated the biomass factor of farmland ecosystems in Shaanxi Province.

Changing patterns of global nitrogen deposition driven by socio-economic development.

Advances in manufacturing and trade have reshaped global nitrogen deposition patterns, yet their dynamics and drivers remain unclear. Here, we compile a comprehensive global nitrogen deposition database spanning 1977-2021, aggregating 52,671 site-years of data from observation networks and published articles. This database show that global nitrogen deposition to land is 92.

Reduced adult stem cell fate specification led to eye reduction in cave planarians.

Eye loss occurs convergently in numerous animal phyla as an adaptation to dark environments. We investigate the cave planarian Girardia multidiverticulata (Gm), a representative species of the Spiralian clade, to study mechanisms of eye loss. We found that Gm, which was previously described as an eyeless species, retains rudimentary and functional eyes.

Advancements and future perspectives in nutrient film technique hydroponic system: a comprehensive review and bibliometric analysis.

In the context of climate change, reducing the environmental impact of agriculture has become increasingly critical. To ensure sustainable food production, it is essential to adopt cultivation techniques that maximize resource efficiency, particularly in water and nutrient usage. The Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) is one such hydroponic system, designed to optimize water and nutrient use, making it a valuable tool for sustainable agriculture.

Bacterial abundance and diversity in 64-74 Ma subseafloor igneous basement from the Louisville Seamount Chain.

The aquifer in the subseafloor igneous basement is a massive, continuous microbial substrate, yet sparingly little is known about life in this habitat. The work to date has focused largely on describing microbial diversity in the young basement (<10 Ma), where the basaltic crust is still porous and fluid flow through it is active. Here, we test the hypothesis that microbial life exists in subseafloor basement >65 Ma using samples collected from the Louisville Seamount Chain via seafloor drilling.

Construction and evolution of artificial reef ecosystems: response and regulation of marine microorganisms.

Artificial reefs (ARs) are an important means of improving marine ecological environments and promoting the sustainable use of marine biological resources. After AR deployment, biological communities undergo dynamic changes as species succession and shifts in community structure. As the most sensitive frontier affected by the environment, the complex and dynamic changes of microbial communities play a crucial role in the health and stability of the ecosystem.

Insight into the evolution of phosphorous conversion, microbial community and functional gene expression during anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and excess sludge with spicy substances exposure.

Garlic and chili are widely used as food flavoring agents in food cooking, therefore might be accumulated in large amounts in food waste (FW). The effects of garlic and chili on the dissolution, hydrolysis, acidification and methanation in an anaerobic co-digestion system were investigated during the combined co-digestion of FW and excess sludge (ES). Additionally, the transformation of phosphorus form and microbial metabolism changes during the process were analyzed.

Persistent but weak magnetic field at the Moon's midstage revealed by Chang'e-5 basalt.

The evolution of the lunar magnetic field can reveal the Moon's interior structure, thermal history, and surface environment. The mid-to-late-stage evolution of the lunar magnetic field is poorly constrained, and thus, the existence of a long-lived lunar dynamo remains controversial. The Chang'e-5 mission returned the heretofore youngest mare basalts from Oceanus Procellarum uniquely positioned at midlatitude.

Unearthing the secrets of Australia's most enigmatic and cryptic mammal, the marsupial mole.

The marsupial moles are arguably Australia's most enigmatic marsupials. Almost indistinguishable from placental (eutherian) moles, they provide a striking example of convergent evolution. Exploring the genome of the southern marsupial mole, we provide insights into its unusual biology.

Phytohormones involved in vascular cambium activity in woods: current progress and future challenges.

Vascular cambium is the continuation of meristem activity at the top of plants, which promotes lateral growth of plants. The vascular cambium evolved as an adaptation for secondary growth, initially in early seed plants, and became more refined in the evolution of gymnosperms and angiosperms. In angiosperms, it is crucial for plant growth and wood formation.

Environmental microbial reservoir influences the bacterial communities associated with Hydra oligactis.

The objective to study the influence of microbiome on host fitness is frequently constrained by spatial and temporal variability of microbial communities. In particular, the environment serves as a dynamic reservoir of microbes that provides potential colonizers for animal microbiomes. In this study, we analyzed the microbiome of Hydra oligactis and corresponding water samples from 15 Hungarian lakes to reveal the contribution of environmental microbiota on host microbiome.

Membrane-targeted push-pull azobenzenes for the optical modulation of membrane potential.

We introduce a family of membrane-targeted azobenzenes (MTs) with a push-pull character as a new tool for cell stimulation. These molecules are water soluble and spontaneously partition in the cell membrane. Upon light irradiation, they isomerize from trans to cis, changing the local charge distribution and thus stimulating the cell response.

Exploring the plastic-fed Indian mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) gut bacterial strain (Bacillus subtilis AP-04) - A potential driver of polyethylene degradation.

Plastic biodegradation by microbes is an environmentally friendly and sustainable approach that has no negative consequences. In this study, mealworms were fed with 9 different diets with expanded polystyrene (EPS) and polyethylene foam (PF), after 28 days of incubation mealworm survival rates were highest at 93.3 % when fed wheat bran alone whereas 83.

Up to the mountains and down to the wetlands: Thirty years' migration of cropland in China since 1990.

Cropland changes are crucial aspects of land-use/land-cover changes (LUCC), which profoundly influence agricultural sustainability and terrestrial ecosystem health. In the context of dynamic shifts within the natural environment, coupled with the evolution of agricultural practices and the transformation of agrarian systems and policies, the trajectory of farmland alteration has exhibited significant divergence across various nations and regions. This article delves into the intriguing phenomenon of China's cropland migrating up to mountains and down to wetlands and analyses its spatiotemporal pattern evolution from 1990 to 2020.

Theoretical Insights into the Efficient Reduction of Nitrate to Ammonia on Crystalline Carbon Nitride.

The nitrate reduction reaction (NORR) has emerged as a promising approach for wastewater treatment and ammonia (NH) synthesis. Poly(triazine imide)/LiCl (PTI/LiCl), a highly crystalline carbon nitride with a well-defined structure, has shown significant potential in this field. In this study, the electronic properties and catalytic performance of PTI/LiCl for NORR were investigated through theoretical calculations.