Enhancing Mechanical Resilience in Li-Ion Battery Cathodes with Nanoscale Elastic Framework Coatings.

Lattice volume changes in Li-ion batteries active materials are unavoidable during electrochemical cycling, posing significant engineering challenges from the particle to the electrode level. In this study, we present an elastic framework coating designed to absorb and reversibly release strain energy associated with particle volume changes, thereby enhancing mechanical resilience at both the particle and electrode levels. This framework, composed of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), is applied to nickel-rich LiNiCoMnO (NCM9055) cathodes at a low loading of 0.

Revisiting the Defeatist Performance Belief Scale in Adults With Schizophrenia and Youth at Clinical High-Risk for Psychosis: A Comprehensive Psychometric Analysis.

Background And Hypothesis: In accordance with the Cognitive Model of Negative Symptoms, defeatist performance beliefs (DPBs) are an important psychosocial mechanism of negative symptoms in schizophrenia-spectrum groups. DPBs are also mediators of negative symptom improvement in clinical trials. Despite the clinical significance of DPBs and their inclusion as a mechanism of change measure in clinical trials, the psychometric properties of the DPB scale have not been examined in any schizophrenia-spectrum group.

Assessment of disease impact through health-related quality of life measurement in primary progressive aphasia.

Introduction: Measurements of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are important for capturing disease impact beyond physical health and relative to other diseases but have rarely been assessed in primary progressive aphasia (PPA).

Methods: HRQoL was characterized overall, by sex and subtype in PPA ( = 118) using the Health Utilities Index-2/3 (HUI2/3). Multiple linear regression assessed associations between HRQoL and language severity.

Standardized workflow for multiplexed charge detection mass spectrometry on orbitrap analyzers.

Individual ion mass spectrometry (IMS) is the Orbitrap-based extension of the niche mass spectrometry technique known as charge detection mass spectrometry (CDMS). While traditional CDMS analysis is performed on in-house-built instruments such as the electrostatic linear ion trap, IMS extends CDMS analysis to Orbitrap analyzers, allowing charge detection analysis to be available to the scientific community at large. IMS simultaneously measures the mass-to-charge ratios (m/z) and charges (z) of hundreds to thousands of individual ions within one acquisition event, creating a spectral output directly into the mass domain without the need for further spectral deconvolution.

Repairing a deleterious domestication variant in a floral regulator gene of tomato by base editing.

Crop genomes accumulate deleterious mutations-a phenomenon known as the cost of domestication. Precision genome editing has been proposed to eliminate such potentially harmful mutations; however, experimental demonstration is lacking. Here we identified a deleterious mutation in the tomato transcription factor SUPPRESSOR OF SP2 (SSP2), which became prevalent in the domesticated germplasm and diminished DNA binding to genome-wide targets.

Towards non-blinking and photostable perovskite quantum dots.

Surface defect-induced photoluminescence blinking and photodarkening are ubiquitous in lead halide perovskite quantum dots. Despite efforts to stabilize the surface by chemically engineering ligand binding moieties, blinking accompanied by photodegradation still poses barriers to implementing perovskite quantum dots in quantum emitters. To date, ligand tail engineering in the solid state has rarely been explored for perovskite quantum dots.

Cell-free biodegradable electroactive scaffold for urinary bladder tissue regeneration.

Tissue engineering heavily relies on cell-seeded scaffolds to support the complex biological and mechanical requirements of a target organ. However, in addition to safety and efficacy, translation of tissue engineering technology will depend on manufacturability, affordability, and ease of adoption. Therefore, there is a need to develop scalable biomaterial scaffolds with sufficient bioactivity to eliminate the need for exogenous cell seeding.

A soft thermal sensor for the continuous assessment of flow in vascular access.

Hemodialysis for chronic kidney disease (CKD) relies on vascular access (VA) devices, such as arteriovenous fistulas (AVF), grafts (AVG), or catheters, to maintain blood flow. Nonetheless, unpredictable progressive vascular stenosis due to neointimal formation or complete occlusion from acute thrombosis remains the primary cause of mature VA failure. Despite emergent surgical intervention efforts, the lack of a reliable early detection tool significantly reduces patient outcomes and survival rates.

Nomadic Nanomedicines: Medicines Enabled by the Paracrine Transfer Effect.

In nanomedicine, the cellular export of nanomaterials has been less explored than uptake. Traditionally viewed in a negative light, recent findings highlight the potential of nanomedicine export to enhance therapeutic effects. This Perspective examines key pathways for export and how nanomaterial design affects removal rates.

Two-Dimensional Materials for Brain-Inspired Computing Hardware.

Recent breakthroughs in brain-inspired computing promise to address a wide range of problems from security to healthcare. However, the current strategy of implementing artificial intelligence algorithms using conventional silicon hardware is leading to unsustainable energy consumption. Neuromorphic hardware based on electronic devices mimicking biological systems is emerging as a low-energy alternative, although further progress requires materials that can mimic biological function while maintaining scalability and speed.

Considerations for social networks and health data sharing: An overview.

The use of network analysis as a tool has increased exponentially as more clinical researchers see the benefits of network data for modeling of infectious disease transmission or translational activities in a variety of areas, including patient-caregiving teams, provider networks, patient-support networks, and adoption of health behaviors or treatments, to name a few. Yet, relational data such as network data carry a higher risk of deductive disclosure. Cases of reidentification have occurred and this is expected to become more common as computational ability increases.

Structures of methane and ammonia monooxygenases in native membranes.

Methane- and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria play key roles in the global carbon and nitrogen cycles, respectively. These bacteria use homologous copper membrane monooxygenases to accomplish the defining chemical transformations of their metabolisms: the oxidations of methane to methanol by particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) and ammonia to hydroxylamine by ammonia monooxygenase (AMO), enzymes of prime interest for applications in mitigating climate change. However, investigations of these enzymes have been hindered by the need for disruptive detergent solubilization prior to structure determination, confounding studies of pMMO and precluding studies of AMO.

Promotora intervention for metabolic and mental health to reduce type 2 diabetes risk: a pilot randomized controlled trial.

The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate a novel behavioral intervention (PRIME2) that integrates evidence-based approaches for reducing diabetes risk and perceived stress. We conducted a pilot randomized controlled trial of the 16-session PRIME2 intervention vs. usual care among 40 Spanish-speaking Latinx adults with prediabetes and body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m.

Strontium isoscape of sub-Saharan Africa allows tracing origins of victims of the transatlantic slave trade.

Strontium isotope (Sr/Sr) analysis with reference to strontium isotope landscapes (Sr isoscapes) allows reconstructing mobility and migration in archaeology, ecology, and forensics. However, despite the vast potential of research involving Sr/Sr analysis particularly in Africa, Sr isoscapes remain unavailable for the largest parts of the continent. Here, we measure the Sr/Sr ratios in 778 environmental samples from 24 African countries and combine this data with published data to model a bioavailable Sr isoscape for sub-Saharan Africa using random forest regression.

Anticoagulation therapy for the prevention of subclinical leaflet thrombosis after transcatheter aortic valve replacement: A comprehensive literature review and future directions.

Leaflet thrombosis after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) presents a significant challenge, leading to adverse clinical outcomes. Subclinical leaflet thrombosis (SLT) is increasingly recognized, and there is a growing concern about its role in clinical events and hemodynamic valve deterioration. Current recommendations for prophylactic anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy following TAVR are primarily based on expert consensus rather than definitive evidence from randomized trials, resulting in a variety of antithrombotic strategies in clinical practice.

Assessment of peri- and post-operative outcomes following apical prolapse repair in octogenarians: A retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To assess the risk of postoperative complications and unanticipated healthcare encounters in octogenarians compared to younger patients following apical prolapse repair.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Settings: University-affiliated academic tertiary hospital center.

Systematic review: differences in complete blood count component rhythms.

Study Objectives: The complete blood count (CBC) is one of the most commonly ordered blood tests with a large range of reference values that does not consider time of day for interpretation. Our objective was to systematically review this topic to report on peak and trough timing of CBC values.

Methods: A systematic search was performed for studies evaluating any component of the CBC with at least three collections over 24 hours.

Sensory representations and pupil-indexed listening effort provide complementary contributions to multi-talker speech intelligibility.

Multi-talker speech intelligibility requires successful separation of the target speech from background speech. Successful speech segregation relies on bottom-up neural coding fidelity of sensory information and top-down effortful listening. Here, we studied the interaction between temporal processing measured using Envelope Following Responses (EFRs) to amplitude modulated tones, and pupil-indexed listening effort, as it related to performance on the Quick Speech-in-Noise (QuickSIN) test in normal-hearing adults.

Biotissue Curriculum Translates to Performance in the Operating Room for Gastrojejunostomy and Hepaticojejunostomy in Robotic Pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Objective: Robotic simulation training curricula aim to aid surgeons in attaining robotic operating room proficiency, but the crossover success remains to be examined.

Design: A retrospective cohort study grading robotic biotissue training models and intraoperative anastomotic videos. The curriculum included deliberate practice of inanimate drills of a hepaticojejunostomy (HJ) and gastrojejunostomy (GJ).

radiosensitivity and Mn antioxidant content: antigenic preservation and pathobiology.

The bacterium responsible for Lyme disease, , accumulates high levels of manganese without iron and possesses a polyploid genome, characteristics suggesting potential extreme resistance to radiation. Contrary to expectations, we report that wild-type B31 cells are radiosensitive, with a gamma-radiation survival limit for 10 wild-type cells of <1 kGy. Thus, we explored radiosensitivity through electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy by quantitating the fraction of Mn present as antioxidant Mn metabolite complexes (H-Mn).

Face-to-face or face-to-screen: A quantitative comparison of conferences modalities.

The COVID-19 pandemic forced a societal shift from in-person to virtual activities, including scientific conferences. As society navigates a "new normal," the question arises as to the advantages and disadvantages of these alternative modalities. We introduce two new comprehensive datasets enabling direct comparison between virtual and in-person conferences: the first, from a series of nine small conferences, encompasses over 12,000 pairs of potential scientific collaborators across five virtual and four in-person meetings on a range of scientific topics; the expressed goal of these conferences is to create novel collaborations.

Ongoing Litigation Regarding the Use of Cow's Milk Formulas and Necrotizing Enterocolitis: Issues of Product Liability and Proposed Requirement for Informed Consent.

Recent litigation against the two major U.S. formula manufacturers regarding their products liability, in Gill v Abbott Laboratories and Watson v Mead Johnson, juries in two U.

Acyl-Homoserine Lactone Enhances the Resistance of Anammox Consortia under Heavy Metal Stress: Quorum Sensing Regulatory Mechanism.

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) represents an energy-efficient process for the removal of biological nitrogen from ammonium-rich wastewater. However, the susceptibility of anammox bacteria to coexisting heavy metals considerably restricts their use in engineering practices. Here, we report that acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL), a signaling molecule that mediates quorum sensing (QS), significantly enhances the nitrogen removal rate by 24% under Cu stress.