250 results match your criteria: "European Neuroscience Institute[Affiliation]"
Commun Biol
November 2024
Perception and Cognition Lab, European Neuroscience Institute Goettingen - A Joint Initiative of the University Medical Center Goettingen and the Max-Planck-Society, Goettingen, Germany.
Neuroeconomics theories propose that the value associated with diverse rewards or reward-predicting stimuli is encoded along a common reference scale, irrespective of their sensory properties. However, in a dynamic environment with changing stimulus-reward pairings, the brain must also represent the sensory features of rewarding stimuli. The mechanism by which the brain balances these needs-deriving a common reference scale for valuation while maintaining sensitivity to sensory contexts-remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
August 2024
Center for the Integrative Developmental Neuroscience, Child Mind Institute.
Cortex
October 2024
Perception and Cognition Lab, European Neuroscience Institute Goettingen-A Joint Initiative of the University Medical Center Goettingen and the Max-Planck-Society, Goettingen, Germany; School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
Reward value and selective attention both enhance the representation of sensory stimuli at the earliest stages of processing. It is still debated whether and how reward-driven and attentional mechanisms interact to influence perception. Here we ask whether the interaction between reward value and selective attention depends on the sensory modality through which the reward information is conveyed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
August 2024
Neural Circuits and Cognition Lab, European Neuroscience Institute Göttingen - A Joint Initiative of the University Medical Center Göttingen and the Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Grisebachstraße 5, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
Distinguishing faces requires well distinguishable neural activity patterns. Contextual information may separate neural representations, leading to enhanced identity recognition. Here, we use functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate how predictions derived from contextual information affect the separability of neural activity patterns in the macaque face-processing system, a 3-level processing hierarchy in ventral visual cortex.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
November 2024
Department of Neurobiology, DGSOM, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095-1763, USA.
We explored neural mechanisms underlying sighing. Photostimulation of parafacial (pF) neuromedin B (NMB) or gastrin releasing peptide (GRP), or preBötzinger Complex (preBötC) NMBR or GRPR neurons elicited ectopic sighs with latency inversely related to time from preceding endogenous sigh. Of particular note, ectopic sighs could be produced without involvement of these peptides or their receptors in preBötC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Biol
June 2024
Brain-Wide Circuits for Behavior Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Planegg, Germany.
Neuroscientists studying the neural correlates of mouse behavior often lack access to the brain-wide activity patterns elicited during a specific task of interest. Fortunately, large-scale imaging is becoming increasingly accessible thanks to modalities such as Ca2+ imaging and functional ultrasound (fUS). However, these and other techniques often involve challenging cranial window procedures and are difficult to combine with other neuroscience tools.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Psychol
April 2024
Perception and Cognition Lab, European Neuroscience Institute Göttingen-A Joint Initiative of the University Medical Center Göttingen and the Max Planck Society, Göttingen, Germany.
When comparing themselves with others, people often evaluate their own behaviors more favorably. This egocentric tendency is often categorized as a bias of attribution, with favorable self-evaluation resulting from differing explanations of one's own behavior and that of others. However, studies on information availability in social contexts offer an alternative explanation, ascribing egocentric biases to the inherent informational asymmetries between performing an action and merely observing it.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
March 2024
Neural Circuits and Cognition Lab, European Neuroscience Institute Göttingen - A Joint Initiative of the University Medical Center Göttingen and the Max Planck Society, Grisebachstraße 5, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
Visual perceptual learning is traditionally thought to arise in visual cortex. However, typical perceptual learning tasks also involve systematic mapping of visual information onto motor actions. Because the motor system contains both effector-specific and effector-unspecific representations, the question arises whether visual perceptual learning is effector-specific itself, or not.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNPJ Sci Learn
March 2024
Neural Circuits and Cognition Lab, European Neuroscience Institute Göttingen - A Joint Initiative of the University Medical Center Göttingen and the Max Planck Society, Grisebachstraße 5, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
Visual objects are often defined by multiple features. Therefore, learning novel objects entails learning feature conjunctions. Visual cortex is organized into distinct anatomical compartments, each of which is devoted to processing a single feature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSynapses with high release probability ( ) tend to exhibit short-term synaptic depression. According to the prevailing model, this reflects the temporary depletion of release-ready vesicles after an initial action potential (AP). At the high- layer 4 to layer 2/3 (L4-L2/3) synapse in rodent somatosensory cortex, short-term plasticity appears to contradict the depletion model: depression is absent at interstimulus intervals (ISIs) <50 ms and develops to a maximum at ∼200 ms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
October 2023
Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
Sequenced behaviours, including locomotion, reaching and vocalization, are patterned differently in different contexts, enabling animals to adjust to their environments. How contextual information shapes neural activity to flexibly alter the patterning of actions is not fully understood. Previous work has indicated that this could be achieved via parallel motor circuits, with differing sensitivities to context.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurosci
November 2023
Perception and Cognition Lab, European Neuroscience Institute Goettingen-A Joint Initiative of the University Medical Center Goettingen and the Max-Planck-Society, Germany, Goettingen, 37077, Germany
Past reward associations may be signaled from different sensory modalities; however, it remains unclear how different types of reward-associated stimuli modulate sensory perception. In this human fMRI study (female and male participants), a visual target was simultaneously presented with either an intra- (visual) or a cross-modal (auditory) cue that was previously associated with rewards. We hypothesized that, depending on the sensory modality of the cues, distinct neural mechanisms underlie the value-driven modulation of visual processing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
August 2023
Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA.
Neurotransmitter is released from dedicated sites of synaptic vesicle fusion within a synapse. Following fusion, the vacated sites are replenished immediately by new vesicles for subsequent neurotransmission. These replacement vesicles are assumed to be located near release sites and used by chance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnnu Rev Neurosci
July 2023
Laboratory of Neural Systems and The Price Family Center for the Social Brain, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA;
Primates have evolved diverse cognitive capabilities to navigate their complex social world. To understand how the brain implements critical social cognitive abilities, we describe functional specialization in the domains of face processing, social interaction understanding, and mental state attribution. Systems for face processing are specialized from the level of single cells to populations of neurons within brain regions to hierarchically organized networks that extract and represent abstract social information.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
October 2023
Perception and Cognition Lab, European Neuroscience Institute Goettingen- A Joint Initiative of the University Medical Center Goettingen and the Max-Planck-Society, Goettingen, Germany.
In natural environments objects comprise multiple features from the same or different sensory modalities but it is not known how perception of an object is affected by the value associations of its constituent parts. The present study compares intra- and cross-modal value-driven effects on behavioral and electrophysiological correlates of perception. Human participants first learned the reward associations of visual and auditory cues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Biol
March 2023
Neural Circuits and Cognition Lab, European Neuroscience Institute Göttingen, A Joint Initiative of the University Medical Center Göttingen and the Max Planck Society, Grisebachstraße 5, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Perception and Plasticity Group, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany. Electronic address:
Stimulus and location specificity are long considered hallmarks of visual perceptual learning. This renders visual perceptual learning distinct from other forms of learning, where generalization can be more easily attained, and therefore unsuitable for practical applications, where generalization is key. Based on the hypotheses derived from the structure of the visual system, we test here whether stimulus variability can unlock generalization in perceptual learning.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2023
Perception and Cognition Lab, European Neuroscience Institute Goettingen- A Joint Initiative of the University Medical Center Goettingen and the Max-Planck-Society, Grisebachstrasse 5, 37077, Goettingen, Germany.
Monetary value enhances visual perception and attention and boosts activity in the primary visual cortex, however, it is still unclear whether monetary value can modulate the conscious access to rewarding stimuli. Here we investigate this issue by employing a breaking continuous flash suppression (b-CFS) paradigm. We measured suppression durations of sinusoidal gratings having orthogonal orientations under CFS in adult volunteers before and after a short session of Pavlovian associative learning in which each orientation was arbitrarily associated either with high or low monetary reward.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Hum Neurosci
December 2022
Perception and Cognition Lab, European Neuroscience Institute Göttingen-A Joint Initiative of the University Medical Center Göttingen and the Max-Planck-Society, Göttingen, Germany.
PLoS Biol
December 2022
Interfaculty Chair for Neurobiological Research, RWTH Aachen University: Medical Faculty (UKA), Clinic for Neurology & Faculty for Mathematics, Computer and Natural Sciences, Institute for Biology 2, Aachen, Germany.
Schizophr Bull
March 2023
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, USA.
Background And Hypothesis: Differences in sound relevance filtering in schizophrenia are proposed to represent a key index of biological changes in brain function in the illness. This study featured a computational modeling approach to test the hypothesis that processing differences might already be evident in first-episode, becoming more pronounced in the established illness.
Study Design: Auditory event-related potentials to a typical oddball sequence (rare pitch deviations amongst regular sounds) were recorded from 90 persons with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (40 first-episode schizophrenia-spectrum, 50 established illness) and age-matched healthy controls.
iScience
September 2022
School of Psychology, College of Social Science University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, LN6 7TS, Lincoln, UK.
Early blindness results in alterations in the neural responses to auditory stimuli. Here we show that even moderately reduced vision in one eye early in life is sufficient to induce neural plastic changes in voice processing. We asked individuals with reduced visual acuity in one eye due to amblyopia to attend to vocal cues during electroencephalogram recording.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNMDA receptors (NMDARs) are crucial for glutamatergic synaptic signaling in the mammalian central nervous system. When activated by glutamate and glycine/D-serine, the NMDAR ion channel can open, but current flux is further regulated by voltage-dependent block conferred by extracellular Mg ions. The unique biophysical property of ligand- and voltage-dependence positions NMDARs as synaptic coincidence detectors, controlling a major source of synaptic Ca influx.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuroimage
October 2022
Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; NatMEG, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Psychophysiology
November 2022
Affective Neuroscience and Psychophysiology, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Numerous different objects are simultaneously visible in a person's visual field, competing for attention. This competition has been shown to affect eye-movements and early neural responses toward stimuli, while the role of a stimulus' emotional meaning for mechanisms of overt attention shifts under competition is unclear. The current study combined EEG and eye-tracking to investigate effects of competition and emotional content on overt shifts of attention to human face stimuli.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Hum Neurosci
April 2022
Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.