537 results match your criteria: "European Centre for Environment and Human Health[Affiliation]"
Br J Gen Pract
November 2019
Cornwall Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Truro Cornwall, UK. Honorary Associate Clinical Professor (Senior Clinical Lecturer) University of Exeter Medical School Truro, Cornwall.
Health Place
September 2019
European Centre for Environment and Human Health, European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital Treliske, Truro, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, UK.
After adjusting for covariates, self-reported general health in England is higher among populations living closer to the coast, and the association is strongest amongst more deprived groups. We explored whether similar findings were present for mental health using cross-sectional data for urban adults in the Health Survey for England (2008-2012, N ≥25,963). For urban adults, living ≤1 km from the coast, in comparison to >50 km, was associated with better mental health as measured by the GHQ12.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Public Health
November 2019
John N. Newton is with Public Health England, London; Division of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; and the European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter, Truro, Cornwall, UK. Martin Dockrell is with Public Health England.
J Public Health (Oxf)
August 2020
European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Truro TR1 3HD, UK.
Background: Urban design can influence population levels of physical activity and subsequent health impacts. This qualitative study investigates local level decision-making for 'active living' infrastructure (ALI)-walking and cycling infrastructure and open spaces in new communities.
Methods: Thirty-five semi-structured interviews with stakeholders, and limited ethnographic observations, were conducted with local government and private sector stakeholders including urban and transport planners, public health practitioners, elected councillors and developers.
Environ Int
December 2019
European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall TR1 3HD, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
Introduction: Fuel poverty affects up to 35% of European homes, which represents a significant burden on society and healthcare systems. Draught proofing homes to prevent heat loss, improved glazing, insulation and heating (energy efficiency measures) can make more homes more affordable to heat. This has prompted significant investment in energy efficiency upgrades for around 40% of UK households to reduce the impact of fuel poverty.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealth Soc Care Community
March 2020
European Centre for Environment and Human Health, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
The use of non-medical referral, community referral or social prescribing interventions has been proposed as a cost-effective alternative to help those with long-term conditions manage their illness and improve health and well-being. However, the evidence base for social prescribing currently lags considerably behind practice. In this paper, we explore what is known about whether different methods of social prescribing referral and supported uptake do (or do not) work.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrends Microbiol
December 2019
Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, TR10 9FE, UK.
A main mechanism of lateral gene transfer in bacteria is transformation, where cells take up free DNA from the environment which subsequently can be recombined into the genome. Bacteria are also known to actively release DNA into the environment through secretion or lysis, which could aid uptake via transformation. Various evolutionary benefits of DNA uptake and DNA release have been proposed but these have all been framed in the context of natural selection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Int
November 2019
School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK; European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, ESI, Penryn Campus, Cornwall, UK. Electronic address:
A growing body of evidence indicates that anthropogenic activities can result in increased prevalence of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in bacteria in natural environments. Many environmental studies have used next-generation sequencing methods to sequence the metagenome. However, this approach is limited as it does not identify divergent uncharacterized genes or demonstrate activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Int
November 2019
European Centre for Environment and Human Health, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK.
Frequent and persistent heavy metal pollution has profound effects on the composition and activity of microbial communities. Heavy metals select for metal resistance but can also co-select for resistance to antibiotics, which is a global health concern. We here document metal concentration, metal resistance and antibiotic resistance along a sediment archive from a pond in the North West of the United Kingdom covering over a century of anthropogenic pollution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppetite
December 2019
Department of Law and Criminology, Royal Holloway, University of London, TW20 0EX, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
Most prison food research focuses on aspects of consumption rather than production yet farming, horticulture and gardening have been integral to the prison system in England and Wales for more than 170 years. This paper explores the interplay between penological, therapeutic and food priorities over the last fifty years through an examination of historical prison policies and contemporary case studies associated with the Greener on the Outside for Prisons (GOOP) programme. Findings are discussed in relation to how joined-up policy and practice can impact positively on whole population health and wellbeing within and beyond the prison setting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Adv Nurs
December 2019
Institute of Health Research, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
Aim: To quantify the impact of involving caregivers in self-management interventions on health-related quality of life of patients with heart failure or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Design: Systematic review, meta-analysis.
Data Sources: Searched: Medline Ebsco, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, The British Library and ProQuest.
Int J Environ Res Public Health
August 2019
Health and Well-being and Public Health, Cornwall Council, Truro TR1 3AY, UK.
Introduction: In Great Britain, roughly half of people with at least one long-standing illness (LSI) live in low-income households. Lower-income households are at risk of fuel poverty and living in a colder house, which can worsen certain health conditions, causing related morbidity and mortality. This pilot study aimed to assess whether raising occupants' awareness of indoor temperatures in the home could initiate improved health and well-being among such vulnerable residents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFISME J
December 2019
European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, ESI, Penryn, Cornwall, UK.
Antibiotic resistance has emerged as one of the most pressing, global threats to public health. In single-species experiments selection for antibiotic resistance occurs at very low antibiotic concentrations. However, it is unclear how far these findings can be extrapolated to natural environments, where species are embedded within complex communities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Pollut Res Int
September 2019
European Centre for Environment and Human Health, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, University of Exeter Medical School, Truro, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, UK.
Environmental exposure to phthalates may contribute to an increased risk of asthma in children and adults. We aimed to assess the direction and strength of the association between urinary phthalates metabolites and current asthma in children and adults that participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2012. Data on ten urinary phthalate metabolites, self-reported questionnaires, spirometry measures, and covariates were obtained from 7765 participants (28.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Int
October 2019
European Centre for Environment and Human Health, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall TR1 3HD, United Kingdom.
Background: Evidence suggests that living near blue spaces such as the coast, lakes and rivers may be good for health and wellbeing. Although greater levels of physical activity (PA) may be a potential mechanism, we know little about the types of PA that might account for this.
Objectives: To explore the mediating role of: a) 'watersports' (e.
Child Care Health Dev
November 2019
European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Truro, UK.
Background: Children and young people with long-term physical health conditions are at increased risk of experiencing mental health and well-being difficulties. However, there is a lack of research that explores the experiences of and attitudes towards interventions aiming to improve their mental health and well-being. This systematic review seeks to address this gap in the literature by exploring what children and young people with long-term conditions, their caregivers, and health practitioners perceive to be important aspects of interventions aiming to improve their mental health and well-being.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComplement Ther Med
August 2019
The University of Exeter Medical School, South Cloisters, St Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 2LU, UK. Electronic address:
Background: Most healing research has focussed on the views of healers, complementary and alternative medical (CAM) practitioners or medical professionals, and little is known about how the general public conceives of healing. Because healing is a complex and often abstract concept, we addressed this gap in the knowledge using creative qualitative approaches with members of the public. We aimed to elucidate the views of members of the public about their healing, to help offer a better understanding to healthcare professionals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPublic Health
September 2019
Environment and Geography Department, University of York, Wentworth Way, York YO10 5NG, UK.
Objectives: Without urgent action, climate change will put the health of future populations at risk. Policies to reduce these risks require support from today's populations; however, there are few studies assessing public support for such policies. Willingness to pay (WtP), a measure of the maximum a person is prepared to pay for a defined benefit, is widely used to assess public support for policies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To suggest how public health systems and the health sector can utilise the United Nation (UN) sustainable development goals (SDGs) to address climate change and other threats to future health and deliver immediate public health benefits.
Study Design And Methods: We examined UN and World Health Organisation guidance on SDGs and other published texts on systems thinking, integration, universality and co-benefits.
Results And Conclusions: The UN SDGs are a set of globally agreed objectives to end poverty, protect all that makes the planet habitable and ensure that all people enjoy peace and prosperity.
Appetite
December 2019
European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, UK.
Although the UK consumes a substantial amount of shellfish, most is imported (e.g. prawns), while locally harvested molluscs and crustaceans (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ
July 2019
European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Truro, Cornwall, UK.
Our future health and wellbeing depend on the oceans
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealth Place
July 2019
School of Psychology, University of Plymouth, UK. Electronic address:
This paper presents a novel investigation of a conceptual model, proposing that increased nature exposure may be associated with lower cravings, through reductions in negative affect. A cross-sectional online survey (N = 149) provided an initial exploration of the relationships between various aspects of nature exposure, craving and negative affect. Access to gardens/allotments and residential views incorporating more than 25% greenspace were both associated with reductions in the strength and frequency of cravings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Chem
June 2019
ESI and CEC, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Cornwall, TR10 9FE, United Kingdom.
Microplastic pollution is increasingly considered to be a factor of global change: in addition to aquatic ecosystems, this persistent contaminant is also found in terrestrial systems and soils. Microplastics have been chiefly examined in soils in terms of the presence and potential effects on soil biota. Given the persistence and widespread distribution of microplastics, it is also important to consider potential evolutionary implications of the presence of microplastics in soil; we offer such a perspective for soil microbiota.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Int
September 2019
WHO Regional Office for Europe, European Centre for Environment and Health, Bonn, Germany. Electronic address:
Background: As populations become increasingly urbanised, the preservation of urban green space (UGS) becomes paramount. UGS is not just dedicated recreational space such as public parks, but other types of informal green space are important, for example, street trees and roof gardens. Despite the potential from cross-sectional evidence, we know little about how to design new, or improve or promote existing UGS for health, wellbeing, social and environmental benefits, or known influencing factors such as physical activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Public Health (Oxf)
February 2020
European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Truro TR1 3HD, UK.
Background: The UK has one of the highest prevalence rates of obesity worldwide. Public health departments have a duty to provide some obesity treatment and prevention services. With evidence of effective programmes lacking, we investigate lessons learned from a healthy weight programme in Cornwall, UK.
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