Predictors of prolonged hospital stay of pelvic ring and acetabular fractures - a retrospective analysis in a 10-year period of a level 1 trauma center.

Background: Pelvic ring and acetabular fractures are among the most complicated and severe injury patterns in orthopaedic trauma surgery. Inpatient treatment is not only costly but also very time-consuming. The aim of this study is to identify predictors leading to a prolonged length of hospital stay.

Identification of key elements in MRI reporting of intracranial meningiomas based on a nationwide survey of clinical experts in Germany.

While MRI has become the imaging modality of choice for intracranial meningiomas, no radiologic reporting guidance exists to date that relies on a systematic collection of information relevant to the core medical disciplines involved in the management of these patients. To address this issue, a nationwide expert survey was conducted in Germany. A literature-based catalog of potential reporting elements for MRI examinations of meningioma patients was developed interdisciplinarily.

Clustering- and statistic-based approach for detection and impact evaluation of faults in end-user substations of thermal energy systems.

In response to climate change mitigation efforts, improving the efficiency of heat networks is becoming increasingly important. An efficient operation of energy systems depends on faultless performance. Following the need for effective fault detection and elimination methods, this study suggests a three-step workflow for increasing automation in managing defective substations on the user level within heat networks.

[Abortions and the life course: insights based on pairfam data].

Introduction: Despite the social and political importance of abortion, little quantitative research has been done on the individual circumstances of women who have had abortions in Germany. This article takes an empirical and descriptive look at the individual, economic, and partnership conditions under which such decisions are made.

Methods: Data from the first 13 waves (2008-2021) of the German Family Panel (pairfam) were analyzed.

Isoleucine-to-valine substitutions support cellular physiology during isoleucine deprivation.

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) couple tRNAs with their corresponding amino acids. While ARSs can bind structurally similar amino acids, extreme specificity is ensured by subsequent editing activity. Yet, we found that upon isoleucine (I) restriction, healthy fibroblasts consistently incorporated valine (V) into proteins at isoleucine codons, resulting from misacylation of tRNAIle with valine by wildtype IARS1.

High-resolution profile of neoantigen-specific TCR activation links moderate stimulation to increased resilience of engineered TCR-T cells.

Neoantigen-specific T cell receptors (neoTCRs) promise safe, personalized anti-tumor immunotherapy. However, detailed assessment of neoTCR-characteristics affecting therapeutic efficacy is mostly missing. Previously, we identified diverse neoTCRs restricted to different neoantigens in a melanoma patient.

Nuclear pleomorphism in canine cutaneous mast cell tumors: Comparison of reproducibility and prognostic relevance between estimates, manual morphometry, and algorithmic morphometry.

Variation in nuclear size and shape is an important criterion of malignancy for many tumor types; however, categorical estimates by pathologists have poor reproducibility. Measurements of nuclear characteristics can improve reproducibility, but current manual methods are time-consuming. The aim of this study was to explore the limitations of estimates and develop alternative morphometric solutions for canine cutaneous mast cell tumors (ccMCTs).

Occurrence of Eosinophilic Granulocytes in the Decidua of Placentas With Perinatal Clinical Findings.

Introduction: Inflammatory and immunologic homeostasis in the basal plate of the placenta is essential for the fetal development and growth, since the fetus immunologically constitutes a semi-allograft. Bone marrow derived eosinophilic granulocytes are usually not found in the basal plate.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the occurrence of eosinophilic granulocytes in the basal plate of singleton placentas and investigated clinical and pathologic-anatomic associations.

[Validity of the Chronic Pain Grade Scale in nonspecific chronic low back pain].

Background: Higher pain grades are associated with high psychological burden and increase the risk for the persistence of chronic low back pain (CLBP).

Objectives: Previous results on the criterion validity of the Chronic Pain Grade Scale (CPGS) have been extended to the context of inpatient multidisciplinary orthopedic rehabilitation (MOR) and have been supplemented with additional psychosocial and work-related measures.

Methods: In this multicenter study, psychological, work- and pain-related outcomes were examined among 1010 individuals with nonspecific CLBP (ICD-10: M51/53/54) prior to the beginning of an inpatient MOR stratified by pain grade (I-IV).

Information mismatch in PHH3-assisted mitosis annotation leads to interpretation shifts in H&E slide analysis.

The count of mitotic figures (MFs) observed in hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained slides is an important prognostic marker, as it is a measure for tumor cell proliferation. However, the identification of MFs has a known low inter-rater agreement. In a computer-aided setting, deep learning algorithms can help to mitigate this, but they require large amounts of annotated data for training and validation.

mTORC1 restricts TFE3 activity by auto-regulating its presence on lysosomes.

To stimulate cell growth, the protein kinase complex mTORC1 requires intracellular amino acids for activation. Amino-acid sufficiency is relayed to mTORC1 by Rag GTPases on lysosomes, where growth factor signaling enhances mTORC1 activity via the GTPase Rheb. In the absence of amino acids, GATOR1 inactivates the Rags, resulting in lysosomal detachment and inactivation of mTORC1.

Corporate power and global value chains: current approaches for conceptualizing the power of multinationals.

The influential position of multinational corporations in the global economy of the twenty-first century is a particularly controversial and timely subject. This paper aims to improve our understanding of this phenomenon by focusing on one particular aspect of it: corporate power. To this end, it first puts forth a number of conceptual clarifications that help to distinguish different kinds of power and the distinct analytical levels at which power is executed.

[Management of anticoagulant-related soft tissue bleeding].

Background And Objective: Spontaneous, severe, and life-threatening soft tissue bleeding (STB) in patients taking anticoagulants is associated with high morbidity and mortality due to the substantial blood loss and nonspecific clinical symptoms. The optimal management of these predominantly older patients with multiple comorbidities has not yet been unanimously clarified.

Materials And Methods: This work comprises a literature search and analysis of the pertinent retrospective studies and case series.

The key role of sufficiency for low demand-based carbon neutrality and energy security across Europe.

A detailed assessment of a low energy demand, 1.5 C compatible pathway is provided for Europe from a bottom-up, country scale modelling perspective. The level of detail enables a clear representation of the potential of sufficiency measures.

Changes in Bladder Volume During Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer.

Background/aim: Patients irradiated for prostate cancer may experience urinary toxicity, particularly if the bladder volume is small. A mobile application (app) that reminds the patients to drink water prior to each radiation fraction may help avoid small volumes. This study investigating bladder volumes during a radiotherapy course is a prerequisite for a prospective trial testing such a reminder app.

Re-identification from histopathology images.

In numerous studies, deep learning algorithms have proven their potential for the analysis of histopathology images, for example, for revealing the subtypes of tumors or the primary origin of metastases. These models require large datasets for training, which must be anonymized to prevent possible patient identity leaks. This study demonstrates that even relatively simple deep learning algorithms can re-identify patients in large histopathology datasets with substantial accuracy.

Prediction of tumor board procedural recommendations using large language models.

Introduction: Multidisciplinary tumor boards are meetings where a team of medical specialists, including medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, radiologists, surgeons, and pathologists, collaborate to determine the best treatment plan for cancer patients. While decision-making in this context is logistically and cost-intensive, it has a significant positive effect on overall cancer survival. METHODS : We evaluated the quality and accuracy of predictions by several large language models for recommending procedures by a Head and Neck Oncology tumor board, which we adapted for the task using parameter-efficient fine-tuning or in-context learning.

Role and benefits of infectious diseases specialists in the COVID-19 pandemic: Multilevel analysis of care provision in German hospitals using data from the Lean European Open Survey on SARS-CoV-2 infected patients (LEOSS) cohort.

Purpose: This study investigates the care provision and the role of infectious disease (ID) specialists during the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods: A survey was conducted at German study sites participating in the Lean European Open Survey on SARS-CoV-2 infected patients (LEOSS). Hospitals certified by the German Society of Infectious diseases (DGI) were identified as ID centers.

Preoperative treatment with dopamine agonist therapy influences surgical outcome in prolactinoma: a retrospective single-center on 159 patients.

Introduction: Prolactinoma account to the most common pituitary adenomas and current therapy regime constitutes of dopamine agonist therapy (DA) and surgery in selected cases [17]. Due to tumor fibrosis induced by previous DA therapy, surgical removal can be challenging though. Therefore, this study investigates how preoperative DA usage influences perioperative treatment and surgical outcome in prolactinoma and aims to ascertain whether a specific subgroup of prolactinoma patients could derive greater benefit from exclusive surgical intervention.

Nature in Seclusion. The Monastic Republic of Letters in Southern Germany.

Monasteries were famous for their extensive libraries and richly decorated churches. Less well known are their observatories and their mathematical-physical collections with telescopes, air pumps, and friction machines. But how did the way of life in the monastery and scientific practices influence each other? This paper examines the interaction of scientific practices and religious way of life using the example of southern German monasteries in the second half of the eighteenth century.

Navigating complexity with low-crossing profile dual-layer micromesh carotid stent: implications for contemporary carotid artery stenting outcomes (ROADSAVER study insights).

Background: The safety and efficacy of carotid artery stenting (CAS) can be affected by certain technical and anatomical factors. However, it is not known whether the use of a dual-layer micromesh stent (DLMS) with a low-crossing profile could reduce the risks associated with complex vascular anatomies during CAS.

Methods: This study involved 1965 asymptomatic or symptomatic carotid artery stenosis patients who received the Roadsaver DLMS during CAS, as part of a prospective, multicenter observational ROADSAVER study, conducted from January 2018 to February 2021.

Comparative analysis of carotid artery stenting practice and outcomes across operator specialties: insights from a prespecified subanalysis of a large real-world patient cohort (ROADSAVER Study).

Background: In contemporary clinical practice, carotid artery stenting (CAS) is increasingly becoming a multispecialty field, joining operators of various training backgrounds, which bring forth their unique expertise, patient management philosophies, and procedural preferences. The best practices and approaches, however, are still debated. Therefore, real-world insights on different operator preferences and related outcomes are of utmost value, yet still rather scarce in the available literature.