Association of rs1800795, but not rs1800629, and rs16944 polymorphisms' genotypes with recovery of ischemic stroke patients following thrombolysis.

Objectives: Inflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 can cause brain injury, slow recovery, and adverse effects (ADEs) in ischemic stroke (IS) patients treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA). We explored the relationship between selected polymorphisms within , and genes, and post-IS outcome and ADEs in patients treated with rtPA.

Methods: One hundred and sixty-six patients with IS treated with rtPA were included in this study.

Choroidal neovascularization associated with butterfly-shaped pattern dystrophy - a case report.

The pattern dystrophies (PDs) are a group of primarily autosomal dominant inherited macular diseases that cause the deposition of lipofuscin in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and may lead to significant vision loss in later life. Patients can develop choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and/ or geographic atrophy (GA) and for this reason they are often misdiagnosed as age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We presented a case of a 66-year-old patient complaining of vision loss in the right eye (RE) for 8 months.

Dyspepsia Challenge in Primary Care Gastroenterology.

Background: The purpose of this review is to take a deep dive into general problems and challenges of diagnosis and treatment of patients with symptoms of dyspepsia in primary care practice.

Summary: Primary care physicians become acquainted with a broad range of clinical problems and therefore require a wide span of knowledge in taking care of patients from their first medical examination within the health care system. Dyspepsia and Helicobacter pylori infection are two of the most frequent reasons of digestive-related health care issues, despite that in primary care practice, current recommendations for diagnosis and differential therapy are often not implemented.

Abnormal Liver Blood Tests: Hepatologist Approach.

Background: Available data suggest that the prevalence of chronic liver disease (CLD) and primary liver cancer is rising in Europe and represents a major public health problem. Predictions are showing that these trends will continue to rise in the upcoming years.

Summary: Alcohol-related liver disease, nonalcohol fatty liver disease, and viral hepatitis B and hepatitis C are the leading causes of liver cirrhosis and primary liver cancer in Europe.

Abnormal Liver Blood Tests: Primary Care Approach.

Background: According to recent epidemiological data, annual deaths due to liver disease have increased dramatically, while predictions show that trends will continue to rise in the upcoming years.

Summary: Abnormal liver blood tests are one of the most common challenges encountered in the primary care setting. The prevalence of mildly elevated transaminase levels is around 10-20% in the general population.

Chronic Abdominal Pain: Gastroenterologist Approach.

Background: Abdominal pain is a common symptom of gastroenterology examination. Chronic abdominal pain is present for >3 months.

Summary: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases encountered by both gastroenterologists and general practitioners.

Quality of Life in Patients with Primary Biliary Cholangitis: A Single-Center Experience in Serbia.

Background: Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic cholestatic autoimmune disease, predominantly affecting middle-aged women, which may progress to end-stage liver disease. We aimed to assess the quality of life (QoL) in patients with PBC given that social, economic, and geographical factor also influence QoL.

Methods: This study included patients with diagnosed PBC according to the European Association for the Study of the Liver guidelines, who were treated for at least 6 months in order to allow adequate time for the initial burden of symptoms to subside.

Why the N (Nutrition) was Added in the EAGEN Acronym?

Background: Nutrition has been neglected for a long time as an important factor in the pathogenesis of digestive diseases, but also in the treatment, despite Hippocrates long ago insisted "Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food."

Summary: New insights into the importance of nutrition in the emergence of disease, and especially in the field of prevention of diseases of the digestive tract, impose the need to pay special attention to the nutrition field. The goal of nutrition as one of the focuses of European Association on Gastroenterology, Endoscopy and Nutrition (EAGEN) activities means awareness of the importance and the goal of making nutrition knowledge a part of comprehensive gastroenterologist's continuous education.

A paradigm of galvanic vestibular stimulation diminishes the soleus muscle H-reflex in healthy volunteers.

Study Design: In this study, we explored how galvanic vestibular stimulation can modify the soleus H-reflex (Hoffman reflex), that is, the excitability of the spinal cord circuits, in healthy humans.

Objectives: Our aim was to demonstrate H-reflex amplitude modulation caused by changing the duration and the intensity of the anodal galvanic vestibular stimulation. Therefore, we measured H-reflex before and after applied vestibular stimulation.