Comparison of photoscreening and autorefractive screening for the detection of amblyopia risk factors in children under 3 years of age.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of photoscreening and autorefractive screening for the detection of amblyopia risk factors (ARFs) in a cohort of preterm and term-born children <3 years of age.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the Spot Vision photoscreener and the SureSight autorefractor were used to screen participants. The diagnostic and predictive values of the devices in detecting ARF based on American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS) 2013 referral criteria was calculated using manufacturer criteria, the VIP 90 (90% specificity) and VIP 94 (94% specificity) criteria from the Vision in Preschool (VIP) study, and criteria recommended by Rowatt and colleagues.

Early neonatal outcomes of very-low-birth-weight infants in Turkey: A prospective multicenter study of the Turkish Neonatal Society.

Objective: To investigate the early neonatal outcomes of very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants discharged home from neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in Turkey.

Material And Methods: A prospective cohort study was performed between April 1, 2016 and April 30, 2017. The study included VLBW infants admitted to level III NICUs.

Relationships between corneal biomechanics and the structural and functional parameters of glaucoma damage.

Purpose: To investigate the relationships between (i) thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer, optic nerve head topography, and visual field parameters and (ii) corneal biomechanical properties in normal controls and patients with ocular hypertension and primary open-angle glaucoma.

Methods: This observational, cross-sectional study included 68 eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma, 99 eyes with ocular hypertension and 133 control eyes. Corneal biomechanical properties, optic nerve head topographic features, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and visual fields were assessed in all cases.

Successful technique of manual vacuum aspiration for treatment of type 2 cesarean scar pregnancies: evaluation of 40 cases.

Objective: To demonstrate the effectiveness and safety of the defined manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) technique for treatment of type 2 cesarean scar pregnancies (CSPs).

Methods: We treated 40 patients with CSP by MVA at the Early Pregnancy Clinic of our hospital between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2014. The files of patients were reviewed and evaluated retrospectively.

Are serum levels of ADAMTS5, TAS and TOS at 24-28 gestational weeks associated with adverse perinatal outcomes in gestational diabetic women?

We aimed to determine the role of placental A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS5), and maternal serum ADAMTS5, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) levels at 24-28th gestational weeks in GDM. This study included 57 patients, who had been diagnosed as having GDM at their 24-28th gestational week, and 29 controls. The maternal blood samples were collected at the 24-28th gestational week and ADAMTS5 was studied with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, whereas an automated colorimetric method was used to study TAS, TOS, and OSI.

Effect of birth weight on retinopathy of prematurity in discordant twin pairs.

Purpose: Since twin pairs with discordance have equal gestational age (GA), discordant twins may constitute an appropriate group to investigate the specific effect that birth weight (BW) has on the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). The present study aims to investigate the effect of BW on any and severe stages of ROP development in twin pairs.

Methods: Fifty-two discordant twin pairs (104 preterms) born ≤32 gestational weeks, who were diagnosed with a minimum of 18% discordance between their BWs, were retrospectively analyzed.

Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor of the ovary: Analysis of a single institution database and review of the literature.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcome of ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors (SLCTs) managed at a single institution.

Methods: The hospital records of 17 patients with the diagnosis of ovarian SLCT between 1994 and 2018 were reviewed retrospectively.

Results: The median age of the patients was 30 years (range, 18-67 years).

Retrospective comparison of intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes of sperm retrieved from a testicular biopsy and freshly ejaculated semen in oligozoospermia.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare fertilisation, pregnancy rates and perinatal outcomes in patients undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) due to oligozoospermia.

Methods: A total of 166 patients with oligozoospermia who underwent an ICSI procedure were included in the study. The subjects were divided into two groups according to the sperm retrieval technique used: group 1, ejaculated semen (n=111); group 2, surgical sperm retrieval (n=55).

Evaluation of a birth-related foveal hemorrhage in an infant using optical coherence tomography.

During the routine ophthalmologic examination of a 38-day old female infant, indirect ophthalmoscopy revealed a dense hemorrhage on the fovea and a couple of superficial hemorrhages in the nasal retina of the left eye. No hemorrhage was observed in the right eye. A hand-held spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was used at the time of diagnosis.

Serum betatrophin/angiopoietin-like protein 8 (ANGPTL8) levels in pregnancies affected by hyperemesis gravidarum.

Objective: The association between serum betatrophin levels and hyperemesis gravidarum (HEG) remains unknown. The aim of this study was to determine and understand the alterations in serum betatrophin levels in pregnancies complicated by HEG compared with unaffected normal pregnancies.

Study Design: A cohort study was carried out to evaluate serum betatrophin levels in patients with HEG.

Intravitreal bevacizumab as rescue therapy following treatment failure with laser photocoagulation in retinopathy of prematurity.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) in case of treatment failure with laser photocoagulation in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Methods: A retrospective review of infants treated with IVB injection due to treatment failure with laser photocoagulation was performed. The anatomical results and complications were evaluated after treatment.

Clinical significance of neuregulin 4 (NRG4) in gestational diabetes mellitus.

Objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance detected during pregnancy. GDM is increasing worldwide and is associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Neuregulin 4 (NGR4) is epidermal growth factor like signaling molecule.

An Assessment of the Effects of Hydrotherapy During the Active Phase of Labor on the Labor Process and Parenting Behavior.

This study was conducted to assess the effect on labor process and parenting behavior of hydrotherapy applied during the active phase of labor. This quasi-experimental study was conducted by using an equivalent comparison group ( = 40). The participants in the experimental group whose cervical dilation was 5 cm were taken to the hydrotherapy tub.

Transient Methemoglobinemia in three Neonates due to Maternal Pudendal Anesthesia.

Methemoglobin (MetHb) is a form of hemoglobin which contains iron in ferric state. The delivery of oxygen to tissues is impaired and cellular hypoxia develops with an increase in MetHb levels. Methemoglobinemia is a rare but potentially lethal complication of local anesthetics.

Effects of Surgical Anatomical Correction of Pelvic Anterior Compartment Defect on Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of surgical anatomical correction on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients with a pelvic anterior compartment defect (PACD).

Methods: This prospective study was carried out on 30 women who had stage II-IV PACD. The women were questioned regarding LUTS symptoms such as urgency, urge incontinence, frequency, hesitancy, abnormal emptying, nocturia and dysuria pre and postoperatively.

Increased levels of circulating CD34+ cells in neovascular age-related macular degeneration: relation with clinical and OCT features.

Purpose: To investigate the levels of circulating CD34+ stem cells in patients with neovascular type age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and its relation with clinical and optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings.

Methods: The study consisted of 55 patients: 28 patients (18 male and 10 female) with neovascular type AMD as a study group and 27 patients (12 male and 15 female) scheduled for cataract surgery as a control group. The level of CD34+ stem cells was measured by flow cytometry.

Effectiveness of low-dose oral etoposide treatment in patients with recurrent and platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian cancer.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity profile of oral etoposide (50 mg/day, days 1-14, every 3 weeks) in recurrent platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). 52 recurrent platinum-resistant EOC patients followed up in four centres between April 2000 and December 2013 were analysed retrospectively. There was response in a total of 21 patients [partial response (PR) and stable disease (SD)], 12 of them used etoposide in second and third, and 9 of them used it in fourth- to fifth-lines of treatment.

Sonographic measurement of the fetal thymus: Relationship with maternal obesity.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of maternal obesity on the size of the fetal thymus.

Methods: The study population consisted of 138 pregnant women who were divided into two groups based on their body mass index (BMI): Normal-weight group (n = 97; BMI: 18-25 kg/m ) and obese group (n = 41; BMI: ≥ 30 kg/m ). All participants underwent routine second-trimester prenatal ultrasound (US) screening at 20-25 weeks of gestation.

The Effect of the Amniotic Fluid Index on the Accuracy of Ultrasonographic-Estimated Fetal Weight.

Background: Fetal weight estimation is one of the most important aspects of antenatal care. The effects of amniotic fluid volume on the accuracy of estimated fetal weight (EFW) depend on the amount of fluid, in particular whether it is polyhydramnios or oligohydramnios. Previous studies have reported conflicting results of the effects of amniotic fluid volume on EFW accuracy.

Intracavernous Injection of Human Umbilical Cord Blood Mononuclear Cells Improves Erectile Dysfunction in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.

Introduction: Erectile dysfunction (ED) worsens in men with diabetes. Human umbilical cord blood (HUCB), because of its widespread availability and low immunogenicity, is a valuable source for stem cell-based therapies.

Aim: To determine the effect of intracavernous injection of HUCB mononuclear cells (MNCs) on ED in rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin.

Evaluation of time lapse for establishing distal tubal occlusion diagnosis during hysterosalpingography procedure performed by using water soluble contrast media.

Background: Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is the most frequently used diagnostic measure for simultaneously determining uterine abnormalities and tubal status among subfertile women. Despite several broader advantages such as availability and increased experience, the subjectivity involved during administration of the HSG procedure itself, and necessary imaging review, decreases the reliability and accuracy of HSG. In this study, we evaluated the time intervals between X-ray imaging during HSG procedure to establish the presence of distal tubal occlusion.

Predictivity of mean platelet volume in severe preeclamptic women.

Introduction: To evaluate the predictive and clinical utilization of the mean platelet volume (MPV) in severe preeclamptic women. MPV is known as platelet size and associated with platelet activation or new platelet synthesis. Platelet count is decreased by vascular endothelial damage in cases of severe preeclampsia.

Novel adipokines WISP1 and betatrophin in PCOS: relationship to AMH levels, atherogenic and metabolic profile.

Objective: To determine the levels of WISP1 and betatrophin in normal weight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to assess their relationship with anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels, atherogenic profile and metabolic parameters Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study, the study group was composed of 49 normal weighed and 34 obese women with PCOS diagnosed based on the Rotterdam criteria; 36 normal weight and 26 obese age matched non-hyperandrogenemic women with regular menstrual cycle. Serum WISP1, betatrophin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and AMH levels were evaluated. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed between betatrophin, WISP1 levels and AMH levels, metabolic and atherogenic parameters.

The effect of surgical menopause on the intima-media thickness of the carotid and coronary arteries.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of prior bilateral oophorectomy on the intima-media thickness (IMT) of coronary and carotid arteries.

Methods: A total of 25 Wistar albino rats, aged 8-10 weeks, were assigned to three groups: ovariectomized (n = 10), control (n = 10) and sham (n = 5). The rats in the sham group only underwent midline laparotomy, while the other rats' ovaries were removed by the same type of laparotomy.