Diversity of culturable bacterial isolates and their potential as antimicrobial against human pathogens from Afar region, Ethiopia.

Unlabelled: Antimicrobial resistance is a growing global concern exacerbated by the scarcity of new medications and resistance to current antibiotics. Microbes from unexplored habitats are promising sources of natural products to combat this challenge. This study aimed to isolate bacteria producing secondary metabolites and assess their antimicrobial efficacy against human pathogens.

CARD8 polymorphisms among bacterial meningitis patients in North-West Ethiopia.

Background: The severity of infectious disease outcomes is dependent on the virulence factors of the pathogen and the host immune response. CARD8 is a major regulator of the innate immune proinflammatory response and has been suggested to modulate the host response to common inflammatory diseases. In the present study, the C10X genetic polymorphism in the CARD8 gene was investigated in relation to bacterial meningitis.

Patterns of soil-transmitted helminth aggregation in the human host population after several years of intensive mass drug administration.

Background: Community-wide mass drug administration (cMDA) is known as an effective, albeit costly, control strategy for soil-transmitted helminth (STH) parasites. A better understanding of STH aggregation after many rounds of cMDA could help shape more cost-effective policies.

Methods: This analysis uses data from the Geshiyaro project, aiming to break STH transmission by cMDA and water, sanitation and hygiene interventions.

Providers' experience on essential health services in primary healthcare units of Ethiopia during COVID-19: a qualitative study on impact and response.

Aim: The objective of this study was to explore how selected sub-national (provincial) primary healthcare units in Ethiopia responded to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and what impact these measures had on essential health services.

Background: National-level responses against the spread of COVID-19 and its consequences are well studied. However, data on capacities and challenges of sub-national health systems in mitigating the impact of COVID-19 on essential health services are limited.

Evaluations of the and antidiabetic activity of 70 % ethanolic fruit extracts of .

Background: Diabetes mellitus is becoming major health challenge with continually increasing burden. High costs of conventional medicines and numerous side effects associated with them, on the other hand, easy availability and accessibility of traditional herbal medicines calls upon experimental investigations to validate their effect on lowering blood glucose level.

Methods: The dried fruit of was macerated with 70 % ethanol and the extract's antidiabetic activity was investigated using dinitrosalisylic acid method for alpha amylase inhibitory activity.

Self-care practices and its associated factors among adult diabetes mellitus patients in public hospitals of Sidama region, Southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: poor adherence to diabetes self-care practices can result in adverse health outcomes. Thus, it is important to adapt self-care behaviors to reduce and prevent complications from diabetes mellitus. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the level of diabetes self-care practices and associated factors among adults with diabetes in Ethiopia.

Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in Dibatie district, Metekel zone, Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, western Ethiopia.

Background: Herbal medicine has been used for the treatment of human and livestock ailments since ancient times. Numerous rural and urban communities in Ethiopia practice traditional medicine and transfer the knowledge verbally from generation to generation. Thus, this study was conducted to document the traditional medicinal plants and associated indigenous knowledge in Dibatie district, Metekel zone, Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, western Ethiopia.

Inequalities in the demand and unmet need for contraception among women in four regions of Ethiopia.

Background: Unmet need for family planning is a major cause of unwanted pregnancies, which may contribute to the death of mothers and children. The aim of this study is to examine inequalities in the demand and unmet need for contraception among women in four regions (i.e.

Application of longitudinal multilevel zero inflated Poisson regression in modeling of infectious diseases among infants in Ethiopia.

Background: In sub-Saharan African countries, preventable and manageable diseases such as diarrhea and acute respiratory infections still claim the lives of children. Hence, this study aims to estimate the rate of change in the log expected number of days a child suffers from Diarrhea (NOD) and flu/common cold (NOF) among children aged 6 to 11 months at the baseline of the study.

Methodology: This study used secondary data which exhibit a longitudinal and multilevel structure.

Sensitive and modular amplicon sequencing of diversity and resistance for research and public health.

Targeted amplicon sequencing is a powerful and efficient tool to interrogate the genome and generate actionable data from infections to complement traditional malaria epidemiology. For maximum impact, genomic tools should be multi-purpose, robust, sensitive and reproducible. We developed, characterized, and implemented MADHatTeR, an amplicon sequencing panel based on Multiplex Amplicons for Drug, Diagnostic, Diversity, and Differentiation Haplotypes using Targeted Resequencing, along with a bioinformatic pipeline for data analysis.

Novel Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2/3 repeat type in Ethiopian malaria infection: does this affect performance of HRP2-based malaria RDT?

Background: Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) provide quick, easy, and convenient early diagnosis of malaria ensuring better case management particularly in resource-constrained settings. Nevertheless, the efficiency of HRP2-based RDT can be compromised by Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2/3 gene deletion and genetic diversity. This study explored the genetic diversity of PfHRP2/3 in uncomplicated malaria cases from Ethiopia.

Predominance of Dengue Virus Serotype-1/Genotype-I in Eastern and Southeastern Ethiopia.

We determined the dengue virus (DENV) serotypes and genotypes in archived serum samples that were collected during the 2014-2016 and 2021 dengue outbreaks in Dire Dawa City and the Somali region in Ethiopia. DENV serotype 1 (DENV-1) was predominant followed by DENV serotype 2 (DENV-2). Thirteen of the DENV-1 strains were assigned to Genotype-I, while the remaining two were found to be Genotype-III.

Antenatal care quality and detection of risk among pregnant women: An observational study in Ethiopia, India, Kenya, and South Africa.

Background: Antenatal care (ANC) is an essential platform to improve maternal and newborn health (MNH). While several articles have described the content of ANC in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), few have investigated the quality of detection and management of pregnancy risk factors during ANC. It remains unclear whether women with pregnancy risk factors receive targeted management and additional ANC.

Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections in the Wolaita zone in Southern Ethiopia: mid-stage evaluation of the Geshiyaro project and progress towards the interruption of transmission.

Background: This paper documents changes in the prevalence and intensity of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections in the Geshiyaro project in the Wolaita zone of Southern Ethiopia.

Methods: The Geshiyaro project comprises three intervention arms. Arm 1 is subdivided into the Arm 1 pilot (one district) and Arm 1 (four other districts), both receiving integrated community-wide mass drug administration MDA (cMDA) with intensive water, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) interventions.