Disentangling the consequences of type 2 diabetes on targeted metabolite profiles using causal inference and interaction QTL analyses.

Circulating metabolite levels have been associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the extent to which T2D affects metabolite levels and their genetic regulation remains to be elucidated. In this study, we investigate the interplay between genetics, metabolomics, and T2D risk in the UK Biobank dataset using the Nightingale panel composed of 249 metabolites, 92% of which correspond to lipids (HDL, IDL, LDL, VLDL) and lipoproteins. By integrating these data with large-scale T2D GWAS from the DIAMANTE meta-analysis through Mendelian randomization analyses, we find 79 metabolites with a causal association to T2D, all spanning lipid-related classes except for Glucose and Tyrosine.

Macroecology of Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Woody Plants of the Northern Hemisphere: Tolerance Biomes and Polytolerance Hotspots.

Understanding the main ecological constraints on plants' adaptive strategies to tolerate multiple abiotic stresses is a central topic in plant ecology. We aimed to uncover such constraints by analysing how the interactions between climate, soil features and species functional traits co-determine the distribution and diversity of stress tolerance strategies to drought, shade, cold and waterlogging in woody plants of the Northern Hemisphere. Functional traits and soil fertility predominantly determined drought and waterlogging/cold tolerance strategies, while climatic factors strongly influenced shade tolerance.

Pediatric Medial Humeral Condyle Fractures: Classification, Treatment, and Outcomes.

Background: The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a classification system that describes the injury pattern of pediatric medial humeral condyle fractures and provide treatment guidelines.

Methods: Patients less than 18 years old with medial humeral condyle fractures from 2012 to 2022 were identified. A classification system was developed based on fracture pattern and putative mechanism of injury.

Advocating for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Youth Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights in Central Asia.

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender youth in Central Asia face challenges due to the current sociopolitical context, and there is a pressing need for legal and policy reforms to align with the International Conference on Population and Development agenda.

Synthesis of aromatic glycoconjugates as anti-fungal agents against Candida spp. and assessment of their covalent crosslinking capabilities.

Covalent drugs are becoming increasingly attractive in drug discovery, as they can enhance potency and selectivity for their molecular targets. Covalent inhibitors have been investigated for several therapeutic applications, including anti-cancer and anti-infection agents. However, there are only a few examples of covalent inhibitors targeting fungal pathogens.

20 years of bibliometric data illustrates a lack of concordance between journal impact factor and fungal species discovery in systematic mycology.

Journal impact factors were devised to qualify and compare university library holdings but are frequently repurposed for use in ranking applications, research papers, and even individual applicants in mycology and beyond. The widely held assumption that mycological studies published in journals with high impact factors add more to systematic mycology than studies published in journals without high impact factors nevertheless lacks evidential underpinning. The present study uses the species hypothesis system of the UNITE database for molecular identification of fungi and other eukaryotes to trace the publication history and impact factor of sequences uncovering new fungal species hypotheses.

International cross-sectional survey on current and updated definitions of intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome.

Background: The Abdominal Compartment Society (WSACS) established consensus definitions and recommendations for the management of intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) in 2006, and they were last updated in 2013. The WSACS conducted an international survey between 2022 and 2023 to seek the agreement of healthcare practitioners (HCPs) worldwide on current and new candidate statements that may be used for future guidelines.

Methods: A self-administered, online cross-sectional survey was conducted under the auspices of the WSACS to assess the level of agreement among HCPs over current and new candidate statements.

Results of a qualitative semi-structured interview study with hospital nursing staff to improve incident reporting systems in Estonia.

Objective: Nurses and their leaders are known for actively using incident reporting systems. However, information sharing about lessons learned from incidents has rarely been reported in previous studies. This study aimed to describe nurses' and nursing managers' experiences with incident reporting system information sharing and their perceptions of patient safety development needs.

Higher AMPK activation in mouse oxidative compared with glycolytic muscle does not correlate with LKB1 or CaMKKβ expression.

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an energy-sensing serine/threonine kinase involved in metabolic regulation. It is phosphorylated by the upstream liver kinase B1 (LKB1) or calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase kinase 2 (CaMKKβ). In cultured cells, AMPK activation correlates with LKB1 activity.

Multi-ancestry GWAS of severe pregnancy nausea and vomiting identifies risk loci associated with appetite, insulin signaling, and brain plasticity.

While most pregnancies are affected by nausea and vomiting, hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is at the severe end of the clinical spectrum and is associated with dehydration, undernutrition, and adverse maternal, fetal, and child outcomes. Herein we performed a multi-ancestry genome-wide association study (GWAS) of severe nausea and vomiting of pregnancy of 10,974 cases and 461,461 controls across European, Asian, African, and Latino ancestries. We identified ten significantly associated loci, of which six were novel (, , , , , and , and confirmed previous genome-wide significant associations with risk genes , , , and .

Soil microbiomes show consistent and predictable responses to extreme events.

Increasing extreme climatic events threaten the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. Because soil microbes govern key biogeochemical processes, understanding their response to climate extremes is crucial in predicting the consequences for ecosystem functioning. Here we subjected soils from 30 grasslands across Europe to four contrasting extreme climatic events under common controlled conditions (drought, flood, freezing and heat), and compared the response of soil microbial communities and their functioning with those of undisturbed soils.

Validation and TaqMan Conversion of a Molecular Chronotype Assessment Approach.

The present study aimed to develop a TaqMan genotyping card for molecular chronotype assessment based on a predictive panel of 35 previously identified genetic variants. A reliable TaqMan assay was successfully developed for 33 out of the 35 chronotype-predictive variants. The resulting TaqMan genotyping card was utilized to genetically characterize 196 new individuals (in addition to the previously studied 96) and the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire was utilized for their phenotypical chronotype assessment.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography training conditions, results from a pan-European survey: Between vision and reality.

Background: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) still has a relatively high complication rate, underscoring the importance of high-quality training. Despite existing guidelines, real-world data on training conditions remain limited. This pan-European survey aims to systematically explore the perceptions surrounding ERCP training.

D-Dimer in Acute Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis: A Prospective Case-Control International Multicenter Study.

Background: Acute mesenteric venous thrombosis (MVT) is rarely suspected as primary diagnosis in emergency departments and still carries an in-hospital mortality rate of above 20%.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to find differences in clinical and laboratory markers between patients with acute MVT and a control group of suspected but confirmed as not having any type of acute mesenteric ischaemia (AMI).

Design: Data was retrieved from the AMESI (Acute MESenteric Ischaemia) study.

The use of assistive technology to promote practical skills in persons with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disabilities: A systematic review.

Persons with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and/or intellectual disability (ID) have difficulties in planning, organising and coping with change, which impedes the learning of daily living skills (DLSs), social participation and self-management across different environmental settings. Assistive technologies (ATs) is a broad term encompassing devices and services designed to support individuals with disabilities, and if used in a self-controlled manner, they may contribute inclusion in all domains of participation. This comprehensive literature review aims to critically assess and unify existing research that investigates the use of assistive technology within the practical domain for individuals with ASD and/or ID.

Ecological and intrinsic drivers of foraging parameters of Eurasian lynx at a continental scale.

The estimation of foraging parameters is fundamental for understanding predator ecology. Predation and feeding can vary with multiple factors, such as prey availability, presence of kleptoparasites and human disturbance. However, our knowledge is mostly limited to local scales, which prevents studying effects of environmental factors across larger ecological gradients.