Toxicity and time lapse between immunotherapy and stereotactic radiotherapy of brain metastases.

Purpose: Stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) is the standard treatment for brain metastases of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and melanoma, mostly in combination with immunotherapy. The objective was to retrospectively evaluate the influence of the time-lapse between immunotherapy and stereotactic radiotherapy on toxicity.

Patients And Methods: From 2016 to 2019, 59 patients treated with SRT for 103 brain metastases of NSCLC (60%) and melanoma (40%) in combination with concomitant immunotherapy (≤30 days) were included.

Predictive factors of toxicity of TPF induction chemotherapy for locally advanced head and neck cancers.

Background: The rate of toxic deaths related to induction chemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced head and neck cancers is unacceptable and calls into question this therapeutic strategy, which is however highly effective in terms of rate and speed of response. The purpose of the study was to investigate predictive factors of toxicity of induction chemotherapy with docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (TPF) in locally advanced head and neck cancers (LAHNC).

Methods: Between June 2009 and December 2017, 113 patients treated consecutively with TPF were included retrospectively.

Subclinical proximal tubulopathy in hepatitis B: The roles of nucleot(s)ide analogue treatment and the hepatitis B virus.

Background: The recommended monitoring tools for evaluating nucleot(s)ide analogue renal toxicity, such as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and phosphatemia, are late markers of proximal tubulopathy. Multiple early markers are available, but no consensus exists on their use.

Aim: To determine the 24 mo prevalence of subclinical proximal tubulopathy (SPT), as defined with early biomarkers, in treated untreated hepatitis B virus (HBV)-monoinfected patients.

Impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on the epidemiology of maxillofacial trauma activity: a French multicentre comparative study.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has had a major impact on medical and surgical activities. A decline in facial trauma incidence was noticed during the lockdown period. The aim of this study was to evaluate the decline in maxillofacial trauma in France during this particular period.

Epidemiological changes in cutaneous lymphomas: an analysis of 8593 patients from the French Cutaneous Lymphoma Registry.

Background: Primary cutaneous lymphomas (PCLs) are a heterogeneous group of T-cell (CTCL) and B-cell (CBCL) malignancies. Little is known about their epidemiology at initial presentation in Europe and about potential changes over time.

Objectives: The aim of this retrospective study was to analyse the frequency of PCLs in the French Cutaneous Lymphoma Registry (GFELC) and to describe the demography of patients.

Rituximab for rheumatoid arthritis-associated large granular lymphocytic leukemia, a retrospective case series.

Objectives: To assess the efficacy and tolerance profile of rituximab in rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-associated large granular lymphocyte leukemia (LGLL).

Methods: Multicenter retrospective case series. Inclusion criteria were RA defined by the ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria and LGLL defined by absolute LGL count ≥ 0.

Ovarian and peritoneal psammocarcinoma: Results of a multicenter study on 25 patients.

Purpose: Psammocarcinoma (PK) is a rare disease of unknown origin. We aimed to report the characteristics, management and survival of patients operated on for PK within the French Network for Rare Peritoneal Malignancies (RENAPE) expert centers.

Patients And Methods: All consecutive cases of PK operated within all 26 RENAPE centers between 1997 and 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.

Systematic Review and External Validation of Prediction Models Based on Symptoms and Biomarkers for Identifying Endoscopic Activity in Crohn's Disease.

Background & Aims: Endoscopic healing, an important target of treatment for Crohn's disease (CD), requires ileocolonoscopy, which is costly and burdensome. We investigated whether published noninvasive models (based on symptoms and biomarkers) to evaluate CD activity have sufficient accuracy to replace ileocolonoscopy.

Methods: We performed a systematic review of published noninvasive diagnostic models to evaluate CD activity that used endoscopic features of activity (endoscopic activity) or healing as the reference standard.

Safety of Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration for Pancreatic Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm Before Surgical Resection: A European Multicenter Registry-Based Study on 149 Patients.

Objectives: The results of only a few endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) for pancreatic solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) have been published, and the safety of the procedure has never been investigated. Our study compared the recurrence rate in patients with and without preoperative EUS-FNA.

Methods: This European multicenter registry-based study was conducted in 22 digestive units, and retrospectively included all patients who underwent complete resection of a pancreatic SPN from 2000 to 2018.

Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir for 8 weeks in treatment-naïve patients with chronic HCV genotypes 1-6 and compensated cirrhosis: The EXPEDITION-8 trial.

Background & Aims: Eight-week glecaprevir/pibrentasvir leads to high rates of sustained virological response at post-treatment week 12 (SVR12) across HCV genotypes (GT) 1-6 in treatment-naïve patients without cirrhosis. We evaluated glecaprevir/pibrentasvir once daily for 8 weeks in treatment-naïve patients with compensated cirrhosis.

Methods: EXPEDITION-8 was a single-arm, multicenter, phase IIIb trial.

Perioperative hemodynamic management 4.0.

Postoperative complications within 30 days represent the third leading cause of death in the world. Multiple solutions have been proposed to tackle the clinical and economic burden of postoperative complications. They include the optimal fluid and hemodynamic management of patients undergoing major surgery.

A simplified table using validated diagnostic criteria is effective to improve characterization of colorectal polyps: the CONECCT teaching program.

Accurate real-time endoscopic characterization of colorectal polyps is key to choosing the most appropriate treatment. Mastering the currently available classifications is challenging. We used validated criteria for these classifications to create a single table, named CONECCT, and evaluated the impact of a teaching program based on this tool.

Shedding light on perioperative hemodynamic monitoring.

Given the number of clinical studies and meta-analyses investigating the impact of cardiac output-guided hemodynamic management on the postoperative outcome of patients undergoing high-risk surgery, clinicians should already have a fair idea of the clinical and economic benefits. However, this is still a matter of debate, there are still large outcome studies going on, and surveys and audits have shown that clinical adoption remains low. Rational patient selection, more affordable monitoring solutions, and the personalization of therapeutic strategies are desirable to ensure that cardiac output monitoring adds value and becomes part of the routine anesthesia management of high-risk surgical patients.

Adenocarcinoma of the oesophagogastric junction Siewert II: An oesophageal cancer better cured with total gastrectomy.

Introduction: Type II AEG is now considered as oesophageal cancer in the seventh and eighth edition of TNM classification but optimal surgical approach for these tumors remains debated. The objective of the study is to assess and compare surgical and oncological outcomes of two surgical approaches: superior polar oesogastrectomy (SPO) or total gastrectomy (TG) in patients with type II adenocarcinoma of the oesophagogastric junction (AEG).

Material And Methods: 183 patients with type II AEG treated from 1997 to 2010 in 21 French centers by SPO or TG were included in a multicenter retrospective study.

Volume of Neonatal Care and Survival without Disability at 2 Years in Very Preterm Infants: Results of a French National Cohort Study.

Objectives: To investigate the relation between neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) volume and survival, and neuromotor and sensory disabilities at 2 years in very preterm infants.

Study Design: The EPIPAGE-2 (Etude Epidémiologique sur les Petits Âges Gestationnels-2) national prospective population-based cohort study was used to include 2447 babies born alive in 66 level III hospitals between 24 and 30 completed weeks of gestation in 2011. The outcome was survival without disabilities (levels 2-5 of the Gross Motor Function Classification System for cerebral palsy with or without unilateral or bilateral blindness or deafness).

BRAF mutation is not associated with an increased risk of recurrence in patients undergoing resection of colorectal liver metastases.

Background: BRAF mutation is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. For patients with resectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs), the prognostic impact of BRAF mutation is unknown and the benefit of surgery debated. This nationwide intergroup (ACHBT, FRENCH, AGEO) study aimed to evaluate the oncological outcome of patients undergoing liver resection for BRAF-mutated CRLMs.

Monitoring a Combination of Calprotectin and Infliximab Identifies Patients With Mucosal Healing of Crohn's Disease.

Background & Aims: In the TAILORIX trial, no benefit could be shown by infliximab dose escalation based on pharmacokinetic (infliximab serum concentrations) and pharmacodynamic (biomarkers and symptoms) monitoring compared with dose escalation based on symptoms alone in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). We investigated whether integration of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic monitoring can be used to evaluate responses to infliximab induction and maintenance therapy, based on findings from endoscopy.

Methods: We performed a post hoc analysis of patients with CD included in a trial to test the effects of infliximab dose escalation, based on biomarkers and serum concentrations of infliximab, on symptoms (the Study Investigating Tailored Treatment With Infliximab for Active Crohn's Disease trial; n = 122).

Perioperative morbi-mortality after pelvic organ prolapse surgery in a large French national database from gynecologist surgeons.

Objective: To assess morbidity and mortality following pelvic organ prolapse surgery in France, irrespective of the surgical technique, using a broad national database.

Materials And Methods: This descriptive multicenter retrospective study was conducted using a database populated via an application run by a professional association.

Results: 286 gynecologists contributed data to the database.

Clinical outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis C after direct-acting antiviral treatment: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Although direct-acting antivirals have been used extensively to treat patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, their clinical effectiveness has not been well reported. We compared the incidence of death, hepatocellular carcinoma, and decompensated cirrhosis between patients treated with direct-acting antivirals and those untreated, in the French ANRS CO22 Hepather cohort.

Methods: We did a prospective study in adult patients with chronic HCV infection enrolled from 32 expert hepatology centres in France.

A Placebo-Controlled Trial of Bezafibrate in Primary Biliary Cholangitis.

Background: Patients with primary biliary cholangitis who have an inadequate response to therapy with ursodeoxycholic acid are at high risk for disease progression. Fibrates, which are agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, in combination with ursodeoxycholic acid, have shown potential benefit in patients with this condition.

Methods: In this 24-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned 100 patients who had had an inadequate response to ursodeoxycholic acid according to the Paris 2 criteria to receive bezafibrate at a daily dose of 400 mg (50 patients), or placebo (50 patients), in addition to continued treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid.

Risk factors for postoperative ileus following elective laparoscopic right colectomy: a retrospective multicentric study.

Purpose: Postoperative ileus (POI) is associated with an elevated risk of other complications and increases the economic impact on healthcare services. The aim of this study was to identify pre-, intra- and postoperative risk factors associated with the development of POI following elective laparoscopic right colectomy.

Methods: Between 2004 and 2016, 637 laparoscopic right colectomies were performed.

Interaction between peri-operative blood transfusion, tidal volume, airway pressure and postoperative ARDS: an individual patient data meta-analysis.

Background: Transfusion of blood products and mechanical ventilation with injurious settings are considered risk factors for postoperative lung injury in surgical Patients.

Methods: A systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis was done to determine the independent effects of peri-operative transfusion of blood products, intra-operative tidal volume and airway pressure in adult patients undergoing mechanical ventilation for general surgery, as well as their interactions on the occurrence of postoperative acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Observational studies and randomized trials were identified by a systematic search of MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and CENTRAL and screened for inclusion into a meta-analysis.