Significance of nutrition in pulmonary tuberculosis.

Malnutrition and tuberculosis are both problems mostly of the developing countries. Tuberculosis can lead to malnutrition and malnutrition may predispose to tuberculosis. Poor nutrition leads to protein-energy malnutrition and micronutrients deficiencies which lead to immunodeficiency.

Single dose silodosin prior to voiding cystourethrogram: a pharmacological adjunct to enhance visualization of posterior urethra.

Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) is needed to ascertain the upper end of urethral stricture. Occasionally, a patient is unable to open the bladder neck with resultant failure of the test. Realizing the strong and prompt alpha antagonistic action of silodosin, we evaluated single 8 mg dose as a pharmacological adjunct prior to VCUG to overcome this problem.

Hutch diverticulum presenting as acute urinary retention in early life.

There are only a few reports of recurrent acute urinary retention caused by obstruction from congenital paraureteral diverticulum. We review the literature and present a case of a 14-month-old boy with bilateral hutch diverticuli who had his first episode of acute urinary retention in the neonatal period caused by left-sided diverticulum. We emphasised the fact that hutch diverticulum should be considered as one of the possible differential diagnoses in a child presenting with acute urinary retention.

Chordee without hypospadias: Operative classification and its management.

Context: Developing countries.

Aims: To propose a operative classification of Chordee without hypospadias (CWH) with its management.

Settings And Design: Tertiary referral centre; Retrospective study from January 2000 to January 2011.

Anticoagulant-induced priapism progressing to penile gangrene: a devastating complication!

A 35-year-old man developed priapism with the use of low-molecular-weight heparin and warfarin following repair of left brachial artery sustained after gunshot injury. Priapism progressed to penile gangrene despite decompression and distal shunt procedure leading to total penectomy and perineal urethrostomy. We describe the mechanism of anticoagulant (heparin and warfarin)-induced penile gangrene and the possible methods to avert such a devastating complication.

Trends of anti-tuberculosis drug resistance pattern in new cases and previously treated cases of extrapulmonary tuberculosis cases in referral hospitals in northern India.

Background: Drug-resistant tuberculosis is one of major current challenges to global public health. The transmission of resistant strains is increasing as a burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients in extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) cases in India.

Aim And Objectives: The aim was to study trends of anti-tuberculosis drug resistance pattern in new cases and previously treated cases of EPTB in referral hospitals in northern India.

Spinal cord injury: a rare complication following thoracic epidural anesthesia for percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Herein, we report a rare instance of paraplegia following percutaneous nephrolithotomy under thoracic epidural anesthesia in a conscious patient. The possible factors include low body mass index, chronic renal failure, and multiple "in and out" needle passes during the procedure. Direct cord trauma with epidural bloody collection resulted in the neurological damage.

Detection of 123 bp fragment of insertion element IS6110 Mycobacterium tuberculosis for diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

Purpose: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is emerging problem in developing and developed countries. The diagnosis of EPTB in its different clinical presentations remains a true challenge. IS6110-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is used for rapid identification and positivity rate of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in clinical isolates of different sites of EPTB.

Free gingival autograft for augmentation of keratinized tissue in apical to gingival recession - A case report.

Background: The treatment of the mucogingival problem is one of the main objectives of the periodontal therapy. The insufficient or absent attached gingiva increases the risk of development of gingival recessions.

Method: One patient with Miller class II gingival recession and small vestibule depth in the frontal mandibular region was selected for treatment.

Imaging findings in Chiari I malformation with syringomyelia in a case of charcot shoulder.

Neuropathic arthropathy of the shoulder is reported in only 5% of cases. Here, we report a rare case of neuropathic arthropathy of the shoulder, secondary to Chiari malformation Type I with associated syringomyelia, that remained undetected for four years. A 38-year-old female presented to our Department with a swelling over the right shoulder that had persisted for four years.

Periodontal regeneration in deep intrabony periodontal defect using hydroxyapatite particles with platelet rich fibrin membrane-a case report.

Background: Growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factors exert potent effect on wound healing including the regeneration of periodontium. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membrane provides a concentrate of such growth factors, accelerating the wound healing process.

Materials And Methods: In this case report, regeneration of the deep periodontal intrabony defect was attempted using hydroxyapatite particles mixed in the PRF membrane to assess if regeneration of new bone is possible.

Clinical spectrum of Treacher Collins syndrome.

Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS) is the most common of the human mandibulofacial dysostosis disorders. It is an autosomal-dominant disorder of the craniofacial development occurring between the fifth and the eighth weeks of embryonic development with an incidence of 1/50,000 live births, range between 1-40,000 and 1-70,000. We present here the various clinical, radiographical and other diagnostic findings of the TCS to correlate the clinical assessment with the diagnostic imaging and review the various investigations and management options being carried out to improve their facial deformity.

Considerations for single tooth replacement in an esthetic zone-review of conservative treatment options.

Background: This literature review aimed to identify and assess the conservative treatment options for replacing a single missing anterior tooth, for patients who cannot afford implants or traditional bridges.

Materials And Methods: The evidence was obtained using MEDLINE searches. A total of 19 studies met the inclusion criteria.

Tobacco use in Northern India-Part 1: The detailed habit.

Background: The finite details of tobacco consumption practices in north Indian population are hitherto not well described. This study depicts the modes of tobacco use, their relative frequency, demographic and psychosocial determinants.

Materials And Methods: Random stratified sampling from the list of blocks, villages and urban localities was done.

A study of morphological patterns of lip prints in relation to gender of North Indian population.

Background: Establishing a person's identity is a very important process in civil and criminal cases. Dental, fingerprint and DNA comparisons are probably the most common techniques allowing fast and secure identification processes. However, in certain circumstances related to the scene of the crime or due to lack of experienced personnel, these techniques might be unavailable; so there is still an increasing need for reliable alternative methods of establishing identity.

Dimensional differences in mandibular antegonial notches in temporomandibular joint ankylosis.

Background: Deep antegonial notch (AN) is seen in congenital and acquired abnormalities of mandible like condylar hypoplasia, temporomandibular joint ankylosis (TMA), muscular hypoactivity and brachial arch syndrome. This study was planned with an aim to study the depth of AN in TMA and find its relation with the duration of ankylosis.

Materials And Methods: The study comprised 20 cases of unilateral or bilateral TMA, with age range 8-25 years.

Achromobacter xylosoxidans mesh related infection: a case of delayed diagnosis and management.

We present the first case of mesh related infection caused by Achromobacter xylosoxidans after ventral hernia repair. After repair of a small paraumbilical hernia, the postoperative course was complicated by persistent discharging sinuses despite the removal of underlying polypropylene mesh. Removal of an intrabdominal omental inflammatory mass containing pus that showed growth of A.

The advantage of using IS6110-PCR vs. BACTEC culture for rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from pleural fluid in northern India.

Pleural tuberculosis is an extra-pulmonary disease which poses a diagnostic dilemma. The detection of mycobacterial DNA by IS6110 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in clinical samples is a promising approach for the rapid diagnosis of pleural tuberculosis infections. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the advantage of using IS6110 PCR for rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.

Neurofacilitation of Developmental Reaction (NFDR) approach: a practice framework for integration / modification of early motor behavior (Primitive Reflexes) in Cerebral Palsy.

A Randomized Controlled trial was done on 30 (CP) children of age range 6 mon to 2 y with an objective to see the efficacy of Neurofacilitation of Developmental Reaction (NFDR) approach over Neurodevelopmental Therapy (NDT) for integration / modification of early motor behavior (Primitive Reflexes) in Cerebral Palsy (CP). The baseline evaluation was done for tone, postural reactions and GMFM. The subjects were randomly allocated to two groups.

Association of genetic polymorphism of GSTT1, GSTM1 and GSTM3 in COPD patients in a north Indian population.

Environmental exposures and genetic susceptibility can contribute to lung function decline in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Cigarette smoking is the main etiological factor for decline in lung function in COPD. However, only 10-20% chronic smokers develop symptomatic COPD.

Incidence of osseous interclinoid bars in Indian population.

Purpose: Parasellar interclinoid bars are significant in surgical management while dealing with the vascular, neoplastic or traumatic lesions of the central skull base and can also compress the surrounding structures giving rise to various clinical symptoms. The literature cites several case reports but systematic study of these bars has not been done. Therefore this study was carried out to see the incidence of osseous interclinoid bars in Indian population.