Prevention and control of dental caries and periodontal diseases at individual and population level: consensus report of group 3 of joint EFP/ORCA workshop on the boundaries between caries and periodontal diseases.

Background: The non-communicable diseases dental caries and periodontal diseases pose an enormous burden on mankind. The dental biofilm is a major biological determinant common to the development of both diseases, and they share common risk factors and social determinants, important for their prevention and control. The remit of this working group was to review the current state of knowledge on epidemiology, socio-behavioural aspects as well as plaque control with regard to dental caries and periodontal diseases.

Evaluation of a diagnostic algorithm for Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia.

Introduction: Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a rare but serious immune-mediated complication of heparin treatment. HIT is characterized by an acute, transient prothrombotic state combined with thrombocytopenia and is caused by platelet-activating IgG antibodies that bind to complexes of heparin and platelet factor 4. The diagnosis of HIT relies on clinical presentation and the demonstration of HIT antibodies.

(Pro)renin receptor (ATP6AP2) depletion arrests As4.1 cells in the G0/G1 phase thereby increasing formation of primary cilia.

The (pro)renin receptor [(P)RR, ATP6AP2] is a multifunctional transmembrane protein that activates local renin-angiotensin systems, but also interacts with Wnt pathways and vacuolar H -ATPase (V-ATPase) during organogenesis. The aim of this study was to characterize the role of ATP6AP2 in the cell cycle in more detail. ATP6AP2 down-regulation by siRNA in renal As4.

Multitarget Quantitative PCR Improves Detection and Predicts Cultivability of the Pathogen Burkholderia pseudomallei.

is present in the environment in many parts of the world and causes the often-fatal disease melioidosis. The sensitive detection and quantification of in the environment are a prerequisite for assessing the risk of infection. We recently reported the direct detection of in soil samples using a quantitative PCR (qPCR) targeting a single type three secretion system 1 (TTSS1) gene.

On the Contribution of Curl-Free Current Patterns to the Ultimate Intrinsic Signal-to-Noise Ratio at Ultra-High Field Strength.

The ultimate intrinsic signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is a coil independent performance measure to compare different receive coil designs. To evaluate this benchmark in a sample, a complete electromagnetic basis set is required. The basis set can be obtained by curl-free and divergence-free surface current distributions, which excite linearly independent solutions to Maxwell's equations.

Surgical treatment of tumours and metastases of the spine by minimally invasive cavity-coblation method.

Tumours and metastases of the spine are extremely stressful for patients, especially for elderly multimorbid patients. The modern cavity/coblation method offers a very good therapeutic alternative for such patients. The goal of this article was to evaluate and present the characteristics, significance, opportunities, issues of the minimum invasive cavity/coblation method as well as the results of the treatment of 302 patients with vertebral tumours and metastases.

An assessment of the experiences and needs of adolescents with chronic conditions in transitional care: a qualitative study to develop a patient education programme.

The transition of adolescents with chronic conditions is a challenging task. This study aimed to explore the experiences and needs of adolescents with chronic conditions in the transition period and to apply these findings to the design of a generic patient education programme. Data were collected from a sample of 29 adolescents with chronic conditions from Northern Germany and Switzerland including a broad range of views due to variation in disease management and organisation of care both in paediatric and adult populations.

Healthcare utilization and costs in primary care patients with dementia: baseline results of the DelpHi-trial.

The objectives of this cross-sectional analysis were to determine healthcare resource utilization and cost for community-dwelling patients with dementia (PWD) from a payer's and societal perspective, and to analyze the associations between costs and sociodemographic and clinical variables. Analysis of healthcare costs from a payer's perspective was based on a sample of 425 PWD, analysis of healthcare costs from societal perspective on a subsample of 254 PWD and their informal caregivers. Frequency of healthcare resource utilization was assessed by means of questionnaires.

An Easy and Fast Protocol for Affinity Bead-Based Protein Enrichment and Storage of Proteome Samples.

Analysis of dilute protein samples is a challenging task for scientific and industrial labs all over the world. Although there are different methods available that allow for protein enrichment from various biological sources, all of them have serious limitations apart from their advantages. In order to perform highly reproducible and sensitive protein analysis of lowest concentrated samples, we optimized a method to enrich proteins on affinity beads (StrataClean) recently.

Metabolic biomarker signature to differentiate pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma from chronic pancreatitis.

Objective: Current non-invasive diagnostic tests can distinguish between pancreatic cancer (pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)) and chronic pancreatitis (CP) in only about two thirds of patients. We have searched for blood-derived metabolite biomarkers for this diagnostic purpose.

Design: For a case-control study in three tertiary referral centres, 914 subjects were prospectively recruited with PDAC (n=271), CP (n=282), liver cirrhosis (n=100) or healthy as well as non-pancreatic disease controls (n=261) in three consecutive studies.

Discovery of novel dual inhibitors of receptor tyrosine kinases EGFR and IGF-1R.

Novel 4-benzylamino benzo-anellated pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines have been synthesized with varied substitution patterns both at the molecular scaffold of the benzo-anellated ring and at the 4-benzylamino residue. With a structural similarity to substituted thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors, we characterized the inhibition of EGFR for our novel compounds. As receptor heterodimerization gained certain interest as mechanism of cancer cells to become resistant against novel protein kinase inhibitors, we additionally measured the inhibition of insulin-like growth factor receptor IGF-1R which is a prominent receptor for such heterodimerizations with EGFR.

Plasma proteome and metabolome characterization of an experimental human thyrotoxicosis model.

Background: Determinations of thyrotropin (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT) represent the gold standard in evaluation of thyroid function. To screen for novel peripheral biomarkers of thyroid function and to characterize FT-associated physiological signatures in human plasma we used an untargeted OMICS approach in a thyrotoxicosis model.

Methods: A sample of 16 healthy young men were treated with levothyroxine for 8 weeks and plasma was sampled before the intake was started as well as at two points during treatment and after its completion, respectively.

Substituted tetrazoles as multipurpose screening compounds.

Tetrazoles are small functional heterocycles that are suited to serve simultaneously as aromatic platform for diversity and as functional interaction motif. Furthermore, the tetrazole ring and its deprotonated tetrazolate counterpart are metal ion complexing ligands that possess a rich variety of binding and bridging modes. We recently demonstrated that fragments containing the tetrazole moiety and a metal chelating hydrazide group are well suited to discover selective screening hits with high ligand efficiency for a given protein target.

Profiling and validation of circulating microRNAs for cardiovascular events in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.

Aims: MicroRNAs (miRNA) are important non-coding modulators controlling patterns of gene expression. However, profiling and validation of circulating miRNA levels related to adverse cardiovascular outcome has not been performed in patients with an acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Methods And Results: In a multicentre, prospective ACS cohort, 1002 out of 2168 patients presented with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Low abundance of Archaeorhizomycetes among fungi in soil metatranscriptomes.

The Archaeorhizomycetes are recently discovered fungi with poorly resolved ecology. Even their abundance in soil fungal communities is currently disputed. Here we applied a PCR-independent, RNA-based metatranscriptomic approach to determine their abundance among fungi in eleven different soils across Europe.

Differential effects of Helenalin, an anti-inflammatory sesquiterpene lactone, on the proteome, metabolome and the oxidative stress response in several immune cell types.

Extracts of Arnica spp. are traditionally used due to their anti-inflammatory effects for the topical treatment of e.g.

Observation of a Dynamic G-Tetrad Flip in Intramolecular G-Quadruplexes.

A MYC sequence forming an intramolecular G-quadruplex with a parallel topology was modified by the incorporation of 8-bromoguanosine (G) analogues in one of its outer G-tetrads. The propensity of the G analogues to adopt a syn glycosidic torsion angle results in an exceptional monomolecular quadruplex conformation featuring a complete flip of one tetrad while keeping a parallel orientation of all G-tracts as shown by circular dichroism and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic studies. When substituting three of the four G-tetrad residues with G analogues, two coexisting quadruplex conformational isomers with an all-syn and all-anti outer G-quartet are approximately equally populated in solution.

Resorptive depressions on a horn core of Late Pleistocene (MIS 3) Bison priscus (Bovidae, Mammalia) from northeastern Germany.

This report describes an isolated right horn core of a fossil steppe bison (Bison priscus) recovered from Late Pleistocene deposits near Langsdorf in the federal state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (Germany). AMS radiocarbon dating provided an age of 45353±2894cal yr BP for the specimen. The horn core, which by morphological criteria belonged to a female, has two depressions in its basal portion that differ in size, shape, and depth.

Influence of urbanity on perception of mental illness stigma: a population based study in urban and rural Hanoi, Vietnam.

Background And Aims: To examine, for the first time in Vietnam, whether urbanity of respondents among other socio-demographic factors affects the public perception of stigma attached to persons with mental illness in Hanoi.

Methods: A general population-based survey was carried out in 2013 in the greater Hanoi area. The perception of stigma attached to people with mental illness was elicited using Link's perceived discrimination and devaluation scale (PDDS) carried out in Vietnamese language.

On the influence of provenance to soil quality enhanced stress reaction of young beech trees to summer drought.

Climate projections propose that drought stress will become challenging for establishing trees. The magnitude of stress is dependent on tree species, provenance, and most likely also highly influenced by soil quality. European Beech () is of major ecological and economical importance in Central European forests.

Fueling the future with biomass: Processes and pathways for a sustainable supply of hydrocarbon fuels and biogas.

Global economic growth, wealth and security rely upon the availability of cheap, mostly fossil-derived energy and chemical compounds. The replacement by sustainable resources is widely discussed. However, the current state of biotechnological processes usually restricts them to be used as a true alternative in terms of economic feasibility and even sustainability.

High-dose methotrexate-based immuno-chemotherapy for elderly primary CNS lymphoma patients (PRIMAIN study).

To investigate immuno-chemotherapy for elderly immuno-competent patients (⩾65 years) with newly diagnosed primary central nervous system lymphoma, we conducted a multicentre single-arm trial. One cycle consisted of rituximab (375 mg/m, days 1, 15, 29), high-dose methotrexate (3 g/m days 2, 16, 30), procarbazine (60 mg/m days 2-11) and lomustine (110 mg/m, day 2)-R-MPL protocol. Owing to infectious complications, we omitted lomustine during the study and consecutive patients were treated with the R-MP protocol.