MultiNet PyGRAPPA: Multiple neural networks for reconstructing variable density GRAPPA (a H FID MRSI study).

Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) is a powerful tool for mapping metabolite levels across the brain, however, it generally suffers from long scan times. This severely hinders its application in clinical settings. Additionally, the presence of nuisance signals (e.

An ancient family of mobile genomic islands introducing cephalosporinase and carbapenemase genes in Enterobacteriaceae.

The exchange of mobile genomic islands (MGIs) between microorganisms is often mediated by phages, which may provide benefits to the phage's host. The present study started with the identification of Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates with exceptional cephalosporin and carbapenem resistance phenotypes from patients in a neonatal ward. To identify possible molecular connections between these isolates and their β-lactam resistance phenotypes, the respective bacterial genome sequences were compared.

Self-reported oral health predicts tooth loss after five and ten years in a population-based study.

Aim: To assess the suitability of self-reported oral health status to predict 5- and 10-year tooth loss without involvement of any clinical measures.

Materials And Methods: Within the population Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP), 2,776 subjects with 5-year follow-up data and 2,016 subjects with 10-year follow-up examination data were studied. Self-rated oral health was assessed at baseline and related to 5- and 10-year tooth loss.

A four year survey reveals a coherent pattern between occurrence of fruit bodies and soil amoebae populations for nivicolous myxomycetes.

Among soil-inhabiting protists, myxomycetes stand out by their macroscopic fructifications which have allowed studies on their ecology and distribution for more than two hundred years. One of the most distinct ecological guilds in myxomycetes are the nivicolous or "snowbank" myxomycete species, which produce fruit bodies at the edge of melting snowbanks in spring. Relationship between the occurrence of fructifications and myxamoebae remain unknown.

7.1 T MRI and T2 mapping of the human and porcine vitreous body post mortem.

Numerous literature reports describe the liquefaction of the vitreous body with increasing age. It must be expected that this process also influences drug distribution and elimination following intravitreal application of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). To better understand the impact and extent of the liquefaction a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study was performed examining human donor eyes post mortem.

Exome-chip meta-analysis identifies novel loci associated with cardiac conduction, including ADAMTS6.

Background: Genome-wide association studies conducted on QRS duration, an electrocardiographic measurement associated with heart failure and sudden cardiac death, have led to novel biological insights into cardiac function. However, the variants identified fall predominantly in non-coding regions and their underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Results: Here, we identify putative functional coding variation associated with changes in the QRS interval duration by combining Illumina HumanExome BeadChip genotype data from 77,898 participants of European ancestry and 7695 of African descent in our discovery cohort, followed by replication in 111,874 individuals of European ancestry from the UK Biobank and deCODE cohorts.

Voriconazole as mono-therapy in orbitofrontal erosive aspergillosis without gross total resection: A case report and review of literature.

In this case report we present an immunocompetent 64-year-old patient presenting with an orbitofrontal invasive aspergillosis treated successfully with voriconazole monotherapy following biopsy and orbital decompression.

Quality of health care in adolescents and adults with disorders/differences of sex development (DSD) in six European countries (dsd-LIFE).

Background: To investigate the association between the structural quality of care and patient satisfaction with care in individuals with disorders/ differences of sex development (DSD).

Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional comparative study was conducted in 14 clinics in six European countries. We assessed the level of structural quality of care in each center using a self-constructed measure (Center Score) and the level of participant satisfaction with care using the customer satisfaction questionnaire (CSQ-4) and an adopted version of the Youth Health Care - Satisfaction, Utilization & Needs (YHC-SUN-SF).

Exoproteome Analysis of Human Pathogenic Dermatophyte Species and Identification of Immunoreactive Proteins.

Purpose: Increasing incidence of onychomycosis and tinea pedis in humans of industrialized countries together with deep tissue infections are a therapeutic challenge in clinical mycology. For a better understanding of the pathology and immunology of infection, the authors analyze the exoproteomes of three reference strains of the most common clinical dermatophyte species (Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton interdigitale, Arthroderma benhamiae) and of Trichophyton strains isolated from affected patients.

Experimental Design: Extracellular proteins of those in vitro grown strains are separated via 2D High Performance Electrophoresis and identified by mass spectrometry to find proteins with provoked host immune reactivity.

Analysis of Staphylococcus aureus proteins secreted inside infected human epithelial cells.

Staphylococcus aureus, an opportunistic pathogen is able to invade into and persist inside non-professional phagocytic cells. To do so, this bacterium possesses a wide range of secreted virulence factors which enable attachment to the host as well as intracellular survival. Hence, a monitoring of virulence factors specifically produced upon internalization might reveal targets for prevention or therapy of S.

Multi-ethnic genome-wide association study for atrial fibrillation.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) affects more than 33 million individuals worldwide and has a complex heritability. We conducted the largest meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for AF to date, consisting of more than half a million individuals, including 65,446 with AF. In total, we identified 97 loci significantly associated with AF, including 67 that were novel in a combined-ancestry analysis, and 3 that were novel in a European-specific analysis.

Aberrant working memory processing in major depression: evidence from multivoxel pattern classification.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is often accompanied by severe impairments in working memory (WM). Neuroimaging studies investigating the mechanisms underlying these impairments have produced conflicting results. It remains unclear whether MDD patients show hyper- or hypoactivity in WM-related brain regions and how potential aberrations in WM processing may contribute to the characteristic dysregulation of cognition-emotion interactions implicated in the maintenance of the disorder.

Loop Length Affects Syn-Anti Conformational Rearrangements in Parallel G-Quadruplexes.

A G-quadruplex forming sequence from the MYC promoter region was modified with syn-favoring 8-bromo-2'-deoxyguanosine residues. Depending on the number and position of modifications in the intramolecular parallel G-quadruplex, substitutions with the bromoguanosine analogue at the 5'-tetrad induce conformational rearrangements with concerted all-anti to all-syn transitions for all residues of the modified G-quartet. No unfavorable steric interactions of the C8-substituents in the medium grooves are apparent in the high-resolution structure as determined for a tetrasubstituted MYC quadruplex that exclusively forms the all-syn isomer.

Common and Rare Coding Genetic Variation Underlying the Electrocardiographic PR Interval.

Background: Electrical conduction from the cardiac sinoatrial node to the ventricles is critical for normal heart function. Genome-wide association studies have identified more than a dozen common genetic loci that are associated with PR interval. However, it is unclear whether rare and low-frequency variants also contribute to PR interval heritability.

Correction to: Reference ranges of left ventricular structure and function assessed by contrast-enhanced cardiac MR and changes related to ageing and hypertension in a population-based study.

The original version of this article, published on 14 March 2018, unfortunately contained a mistake.

The quest for bacterial allergens.

Allergies are complex diseases featuring local tissue inflammation, which is characterized by an exaggerated type 2 immune response to environmental compounds known as allergens. Pollens, environmental fungi, and house dust mites are examples of common allergens. Bacteria have a dual role in allergy.

Compressed sensing for high-resolution nonlipid suppressed H FID MRSI of the human brain at 9.4T.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to apply compressed sensing to accelerate the acquisition of high resolution metabolite maps of the human brain using a nonlipid suppressed ultra-short TR and TE H FID MRSI sequence at 9.4T.

Methods: X-t sparse compressed sensing reconstruction was optimized for nonlipid suppressed H FID MRSI data.

Frequency of participation and association with functioning in adolescents born extremely preterm - Findings from a population-based cohort in northern Germany.

Background: Outcomes after extremely preterm birth (<28 weeks gestation) have been studied intensely, and follow-up into adulthood is well-established. Following the introduction of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, participation has been recognized to be a relevant outcome in rehabilitation research. During adolescence, participation is crucial to adapting to new social roles.

Mast Cells Are Activated by but Dispensable for the Host Defense Against Pneumococcal Central Nervous System Infection .

Mast cells reside on and near the cerebral vasculature, the predominant site of pneumococcal entry into the central nervous system (CNS). Although mast cells have been reported to be crucial in protecting from systemic bacterial infections, their role in bacterial infections of the CNS remained elusive. Here, we assessed the role of mast cells in pneumococcal infection and .

Comprehensive Metabolic Profiling Reveals a Lipid-Rich Fingerprint of Free Thyroxine Far Beyond Classic Parameters.

Objective: Thyroid hormones are ubiquitously involved in human metabolism. However, the precise molecular patterns associated with alterations in thyroid hormones levels remain to be explored in detail. A number of recent studies took great advantage of metabolomics profiling to outline the metabolic actions of thyroid hormones in humans.

Reference ranges of left ventricular structure and function assessed by contrast-enhanced cardiac MR and changes related to ageing and hypertension in a population-based study.

Objectives: Reference ranges of left ventricular (LV) parameters from cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) were established to investigate the impact of ageing and hypertension as important determinants of cardiac structure and function.

Methods: One thousand five hundred twenty-five contrast-enhanced CMRs were conducted in the Study of Health in Pomerania. LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), end-systolic volume (LVESV), stroke volume (LVSV), ejection fraction (LVEF), and myocardial mass (LVMM) were determined using long- and short-axis steady-state free-precession sequences.

The ultimate intrinsic signal-to-noise ratio of loop- and dipole-like current patterns in a realistic human head model.

Purpose: The ultimate intrinsic signal-to-noise ratio (UISNR) represents an upper bound for the achievable SNR of any receive coil. To reach this threshold a complete basis set of equivalent surface currents is required. This study systematically investigated to what extent either loop- or dipole-like current patterns are able to reach the UISNR threshold in a realistic human head model between 1.