Searching for responders to multidomain dementia prevention in late life: A pooled analysis of individual participant data from the MAPT and preDIVA trials.

Introduction: It is unknown in which, if any, subgroups of older adults multidomain interventions are effective at reducing long-term dementia incidence.

Methods: We pooled up to 12 years of follow-up data from 5205 participants aged > 70 from the Multidomain Alzheimer Preventive Trial (MAPT) and Prevention of Dementia by Intensive Vascular Care (preDIVA) studies. The primary outcome was incident all-cause dementia.

Stigma in substance-based and behavioural addictions: A systematic review.

Background And Aims: The study of stigma contributes greatly to our understanding of individuals' experiences of mental disorders. Addictive disorders are often associated with public misconceptions of the disorder, which can contribute to shame, discrimination, and reticence to seek help. This review aimed to: (1) evaluate the nature, frequency, and prevalence of addiction stigma; (2) identify the correlates of addiction stigma; and (3) examine the psychometric qualities of addiction stigma measures.

Pseudobulbar Affect Correlates with Mood Symptoms and Low Quality of Life in Patients with Parkinson's Disease: A Comprehensive Cross-Sectional Study.

Objectives: Despite being recognized for a long time as a characteristic of Parkinson's disease (PD), pseudobulbar affect (PBA) is still a symptom that is underdiagnosed and undertreated. This study aimed to assess the association between PBA and various mood disturbances, as well as the impact on quality of life in PD patients.

Methods: Sixty-eight patients with PD were enrolled in this study.

A roadmap toward promoting and improving brain health in Europe and closing the awareness and funding gap.

Background And Purpose: The global burden of neurological diseases exceeds 43.1%, imposing a significant burden on patients, caregivers and society. This paper presents a roadmap to reduce this burden and improve brain health (BH) in Europe.

Aberrant network topological structure of sensorimotor superficial white-matter system in major depressive disorder.

White-matter tracts play a pivotal role in transmitting sensory and motor information, facilitating interhemispheric communication and integrating different brain regions. Meanwhile, sensorimotor disturbance is a common symptom in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the role of aberrant sensorimotor white-matter system in MDD remains largely unknown.

Neuromuscular Ultrasound Training in Neuromuscular Fellowship Programs in Canada: Minding the Gap.

Introduction/aims: Neuromuscular ultrasound (NMUS) is gaining prominence as a valuable tool for diagnosing neuromuscular disorders at the point of care. Neuromuscular disorder diagnostic criteria guidelines have begun incorporating NMUS findings. As interest grows, fellowship programs must consider incorporating training into their curricula.

Finding the right dose: a scoping review examining facilitation as an implementation strategy for evidence-based stroke care.

Background: Despite evidence supporting interventions that improve outcomes for patients with stroke, their implementation remains suboptimal. Facilitation can support implementation of research into clinical practice by helping people develop the strategies to implement change. However, variability in the amount (dose) and type of facilitation activities/facilitator roles that make up the facilitation strategies (content), may affect the effectiveness of facilitation.

Genome-wide association study unravels mechanisms of brain glymphatic activity.

Brain glymphatic activity, as indicated by diffusion-tensor imaging analysis along the perivascular space (ALPS) index, is involved in developmental neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, but its genetic architecture is poorly understood. Here, we identified 17 unique genome-wide significant loci and 161 candidate genes linked to the ALPS-indexes in a discovery sample of 31,021 individuals from the UK Biobank. Seven loci were replicated in two independent datasets.

Locus coeruleus signal intensity and emotion regulation in agitation in Alzheimer's disease.

Hyperphosphorylated tau accumulation is seen in the noradrenergic locus coeruleus from the earliest stages of Alzheimer's disease onwards and has been associated with symptoms of agitation. It is hypothesized that compensatory locus coeruleus-noradrenaline system overactivity and impaired emotion regulation could underlie agitation propensity, but to our knowledge this has not previously been investigated. A better understanding of the neurobiological underpinnings of agitation would help the development of targeted prevention and treatment strategies.

Informing etiological heterogeneity of mild cognitive impairment and risk for progression to dementia with plasma p-tau217.

Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a clinical diagnosis representing early symptom changes with preserved functional independence. There are multiple potential etiologies of MCI. While often presumed to be related to Alzheimer's disease (AD), other neurodegenerative and non-neurodegenerative causes are common.

Informal care for people with dementia in Europe.

Introduction: Informal care estimates for use in health-economic models are lacking. We aimed to estimate the association between informal care time and dementia symptoms across Europe.

Methods: A secondary analysis was performed on 13,529 observations in 5,369 persons from 9 European pooled cohort or trial studies in community-dwelling persons with dementia.

Brain health in Norwegian female former top-level football players: a protocol for a longitudinal cohort study.

Introduction: Repetitive head impacts (RHI) in sports may represent a risk factor for long-term cognitive and neurological sequelae. Recent studies have identified an association between playing football at the top level and an elevated risk of cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative disease. However, these were conducted on men, and there is a knowledge gap regarding these risks in female athletes.

Validating the Fluctuating Mental Status Evaluation in Neurocritically Ill Patients With Acute Stroke.

Objectives: Neurocritically ill patients are at high risk for developing delirium, which can worsen the long-term outcomes of this vulnerable population. However, existing delirium assessment tools do not account for neurologic deficits that often interfere with conventional testing and are therefore unreliable in neurocritically ill patients. We aimed to determine the accuracy and predictive validity of the Fluctuating Mental Status Evaluation (FMSE), a novel delirium screening tool developed specifically for neurocritically ill patients.

Associations between lifelong cognitive reserve, Alzheimer's disease-related plasma biomarkers, and cognitive function in dementia-free older adults: A population-based study.

Background: Cognitive reserve (CR), typically measured through socio-behavioral proxies, can partially explain better cognitive performance despite underlying brain aging or neuropathology.

Objective: To examine the associations of CR with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and cognitive function while considering Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related plasma biomarkers.

Methods: This population-based cross-sectional study included 4706 dementia-free individuals from MIND-China.

Application and Mechanism of Action of a Ketogenic Diet in Antiepileptic Therapy.

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder caused by abnormal discharges of neurons in the brain, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Although there are various drug treatments available, many epilepsy patients still experience seizures with the effect of drugs and develop refractory epilepsy. The ketogenic diet can treat drug-refractory epilepsy by regulating the body's metabolism and can enhance the quality of life by improving their cognition, behavior, and sleep quality.

Weight-neutral approach and later sleep midpoint in adolescents with "emerging polycystic ovary syndrome phenotype" as vehicles for sustainable weight loss.

Objective: Incorporate sleep into a novel lifestyle intervention strategy in adolescents with Emerging symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome (E-PCOS).

Design: A single-center cohort study.

Setting: University hospital-based clinic for adolescents with PCOS.

" " Exploring the Experiences of Black and Hispanic Parents following a Congenital Heart Disease Diagnosis.

 Congenital heart disease (CHD) is an important contributor to pediatric morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, disparities in the diagnosis and treatment of CHD exist across racial and ethnic groups. The objective of this study was to share the experiences of Hispanic and Black families with CHD to better understand their needs.

Impact of neighborhood disadvantage on cardiometabolic health and cognition in a community-dwelling cohort.

Introduction: Neighborhood disadvantage may be an important determinant of cardiometabolic health and cognitive aging. However, less is known about relationships among individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods: The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between neighborhood disadvantage measured by national Area Deprivation Index (ADI) rank with measures of cardiometabolic health and cognition among Wake Forest (WF) Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (ADRC) participants, with and without MCI.

Gender Differences in the Effects of Trust on Substance Abuse Severity Among Incarcerated Stimulant Offenders in Japan.

Background: Treatment of stimulant offenders in Japan is an urgent issue. One of the more recent support approaches for stimulant offenders in Japan is to understand and support them based on a self-medication hypothesis; however, the effect of trust on substance abuse severity among incarcerated stimulant offenders has not been examined. Additionally, while accounting for gender differences is essential when providing support for them, these differences have not also been examined.

The Role of Atrial Fibrillation and Oral Anticoagulation Status in Health-Related Quality of Life 12 Months After Ischemic Stroke or TIA.

Aims: Atrial fibrillation (AF) accounts for about 20% of all ischemic strokes worldwide. It is known that AF impairs health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in the general population, but data on HRQOL in stroke patients with newly diagnosed AF are sparse.

Methods: Post hoc analysis of the prospective, investigator-initiated, multicenter MonDAFIS study (NCT02204267) to analyze whether AF-related oral anticoagulation (OAC), and/or AF-symptom severity are associated with HRQOL after ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA).

Academic Detailing Interventions and Evidence-Based Prescribing: A Systematic Review.

Importance: Academic detailing (interactive educational outreach) is a widely used strategy to encourage evidence-based prescribing by clinicians.

Objective: To evaluate academic detailing programs targeted at improving prescribing behavior and describe program aspects associated with positive outcomes.

Evidence Review: A systematic search of MEDLINE from April 1, 2007, through December 31, 2022, was performed for randomized trials and nonrandomized studies of academic detailing interventions to improve prescribing.

Feasibility and acceptability for LION, a fully remote, randomized clinical trial within the VA for light therapy to improve sleep in Veterans with and without TBI: An MTBI2 sponsored protocol.

Sleep-wake disturbances frequently present in Veterans with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). These TBI-related sleep impairments confer significant burden and commonly exacerbate other functional impairments. Therapies to improve sleep following mTBI are limited and studies in Veterans are even more scarce.

Variables associated with cognitive function: an exposome-wide and mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Evidence indicates that cognitive function is influenced by potential environmental factors. We aimed to determine the variables influencing cognitive function.

Methods: Our study included 164,463 non-demented adults (89,644 [54.

The impact of white matter lesions and subclinical cerebral ischemia on postoperative cognitive training outcomes after heart valve surgery: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: White matter lesions and subclinical cerebral ischemia (SCI) are described as risk factors for postoperative cognitive decline (POCD) following cardiac surgery. This report aims to investigate the effect of brain lesions on postoperative cognitive training outcomes.

Methods: In a randomized, treatment-as-usual controlled trial, elderly patients scheduled for elective heart valve surgery participated.